Farklı anaçlar üzerine aşılı 'Okitsu' ve 'Clausellina' Satsuma mandarin çeşitlerinin Türkiye’nin Doğu Akdeniz bölgesindeki performansları

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 55 Sayı: 2, 139 - 145, 27.06.2018

Ercan Yıldız Mustafa Kaplankıran

https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.408806

Cited By: 2

Öz

Deneme, 'Okitsu' ve 'Clausellina' (Citrus
unshiu Marc.) Satsuma mandarin çeşitlerinin turunç, Carrizo ve Troyer
sitranjı anaçları üzerindeki bitki gelişimi, meyve verim ve kalitesi üzerine
etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla Dörtyol’da kurulmuştur. Çalışmada, 'Okitsu'
çeşidinde en yüksek kümülatif meyve verimi Carrizo ve Troyer sitranjı anaçları
üzerinde belirlenirken, verim etkinliği yönünden turunç anacı diğer anaçlara göre
daha yüksek değerler göstermiştir. 'Clausellina' çeşidinde en yüksek kümülatif
verim Carrizo sitranjı üzerinde belirlenirken, verim etkinliği Troyer sitranjı
üzerinde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. 'Okitsu' çeşidinde Carrizo ve Troyer sitranjı
anaçları benzer taç büyüklüğü gösterirken, 'Clausellina' çeşidinde en büyük
taçlı ağaçlar Carrizo sitranjı üzerinde belirlenmiştir. Meyve ağırlığı hem 'Okitsu'
hemde 'Clausellina' çeşitlerinde turunç anacı üzerindeki ağaçlarda daha yüksek elde
edilmiştir. Her iki çeşidin meyvelerinde kabuk kalınlığı ve suda çözünebilir
kuru madde (SÇKM) miktarı anaçlar tarafından istatistiki olarak etkilenmemiştir.
'Okitsu' çeşidininde Carrizo sitranjı üzerindeki meyveler daha yüksek usare
içeriğine sahip olmuştur. 'Clausellina' çeşidinde meyvelerin SÇKM/asit içeriğinin
Carrizo sitranjı üzerine aşılı ağaçlarda daha yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Çalışma sunucunda, turunç anacına alternatif olarak 'Clausellina' çeşidinde
Troyer sitranjı, 'Okitsu' çeşidinde ise hem Carrizo sitranjı hemde Troyer
sitranjı anacının kullanılabileceği değerlendirilmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Citrus unshiu Marc., çeşit, taç gelişimi, verim etkinliği, meyve kalitesi

Performances of ‘Okıtsu’ and ‘Clausellına’ Satsuma Mandarıns on Dıfferent Rootstocks in Eastern Medıterranean of Turkey

Öz

The experiment was
installed in Dörtyol, Turkey with the aim of evaluating the effects of the
rootstocks of sour orange, Carrizo and Troyer citranges on plant growth,
yield and fruit quality of 'Okitsu' and 'Clausellina' Satsuma mandarins (Citrus
unshiu Marc.).
'Okitsu' Satsuma trees had the highest cumulative yield on Carrizo and Troyer
citranges. Plants of this cultivar on sour orange had significant higher yield efficiency than trees on the other rootstocks.
While 'Clausellina'
Satsuma trees budded on Carrizo citrange had higher cumulative yield, yield efficiency of this cultivar had higher on Troyer citrange. The larger trees of 'Clausellina' Satsuma were those on Carrizo citrange, although canopy growth of 'Okitsu' Satsuma tress budded on Carrizo and Troyer
citranges were similar. Fruit weight was highest in fruits of both 'Okitsu'
and 'Clausellina' Satsuma cultivars budded on sour orange. The rind thickness
and total soluble solids (TSS) of both cultivars were not affected by the
rootstocks. The fruits of 'Okitsu' Satsuma trees on Carrizo citrange had higher
juice content and high TSS:titratable acidity (TA) ratios were observed in
fruits of 'Clausellina' Satsuma trees on Carrizo citrange. Instead of sour
orange, Troyer citrange is suitable rootstocks for 'Clausellina' Satsuma,
whereas both rootstocks evaluated are adequate for 'Okitsu' Satsuma. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Citrus unshiu Marc., cultivar, canopy growth, yield efficiency, fruit quality

Kaynakça

• Bassal, MA. 2009. Growth, yield and fruit quality of ‘Marisol’ clementine grown on four rootstocks in Egypt. Scientia Horticulturae, 119:132-137.
• Bisio, L., B. Vignale, F. Carrau and DJ. Diez. 2000. Evaluation of nine rootstocks for ‘Owari’ Satsuma mandarin in Uruguay. Proceedings of the 9rd International Society of Citriculture (3-7 December, USA), p. 479-481.
• Cantuarias-Aviles, T., FAAM. Filho, ES. Stuchi, SR. Silva and E. Espinoza-Nunez. 2010. Tree performance and fruit yield and quality of ‘Okitsu’ Satsuma mandarin grafted on 12 rootstocks. Scientia Horticulturae, 123:318-322.
• Cinar, A. 2004. The structure of citrus cultivation in Turkey and some developments in recent years (in Turkish with an English summary). Cine Tarım, 7:14-17.
• Davies, FS. and LG. Albrigo. 1998. Citrus. CABI Publication, Florida, USA. 254 p.
• Demirkeser, TH., M. Kaplankiran, C. Toplu and E. Yildiz. 2009. Yield and fruit quality performance of ‘Nova’ and ‘Robinson’ mandarins on three rootstocks in Eastern Mediterranean. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 4:262-268.
• Demirkeser, TH., M. Kaplankıran, E. Yıldız, C. Toplu, M. Kamiloğlu, AE. Özdemir, E. Çandir. 2011. Yield and fruit quality performance of Fremont mandarin on different rootstocks in Dörtyol (Turkey) conditions (in Turkish with an English summary). The 6th National Symposium on Horticulture (4-8 October, Turkey). p. 889-894.
• El-Otmani, M., CJ. Lovatt, F. Taibi, B. Lmoufid and A. Ait-Oubahou. 2004. Improved use of foliar urea on Clementine mandarin to manipulate cropping in a sustainable production system. Acta Horticulturae, 632:167-175.
• Espinoza-Nunez, E., FAAM. Filho and ES. Stuchi. 2007. Desenvolvimento vegetativo, produção e qualidade de frutos da tangerina ‘Fremont’ sobre quatro porta-enxertos. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 29:308-312.
• Fallahi, E. and DR. Rodney. 1992. Tree size, yield, fruit quality and leaf mineral nutrient concentration of ‘Fairchild’ mandarin on six rootstocks. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 117:28-37.
• FAOSTAT, 2014. http://faostat.fao.org/page/collections?subset=agriculture. <Accessed January 2017> Figueiredo, JO., RS. Pio, SJ. Teofilo, FF. Laranjeira and AA. Salibe. 2001. Comportamento de quinze porta-enxertos para o tangor ‘Murcott’ na regiao de Porto Feliz, SP. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 23:147-151.
• Figueiredo, JO., JD. DeNegri, D. Mattos-Junior, RM. Pio, FA. Azevedo and VXP. Garcia. 2006. Comportamento de 16 porta-enxertos para o tangor Murcott na regiao de Itirapina-SP. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 28:76-78.
• Filho, FAAM., E. Espinoza-Nunez, ES. Stuchi and EMM. Ortega. 2007. Plant growth, yield, and fruit quality of ‘Fallglo’ and ‘Sunburst’ mandarins on four rootstocks. Scientia Horticulturae, 114:45–49.
• Gallash, PT., J. Daimiana and S. Faliven. 2005. Citrus growing in Spain and California. South Australian Research and Development Institute Publisers, Urrbrae, Australia. 36 p.
• Georgiou, A. and C. Gregoriou. 1999. Growth, yield and fruit quality of ‘Shamouti’orange on fourteen rootstocks in Cyprus. Scientia Horticulturae, 80:113-121.
• Georgiou, A. 2000. Performance of ‘Nova’ mandarin on eleven rootstocks in Cyprus. Scientia Horticulturae, 84:115–126.
• Georgiou, A. 2002. Evaluation of rootstocks for ‘Clementine’ mandarin in Cyprus. Scientia Horticulturae, 93:29–38.
• Georgiou, A. 2004. Evaluation of rootstocks for ‘Valencia’ orange. Agricolture Mediteranea, 134:193-200.
• Gonzalez-Velez, A., F. Roman-Perez and C. Flores. 2002. Tangelo 'Orlando' grafted on five rootstocks: production, fruit quality and growth. The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 86:131-137.
• Gonzatto, MP., AP. Kovaleski, EC. Brugnara, RL. Weiler, IA. Sartori, JG. Lima, RJ. Bender and SF. Schwarz. 2011. Performance of ‘Oneco’ mandarin on six rootstocks in South Brazil. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 46:406-411.
• Hassan, AS., SI. Gaafer, MH. Saad-Allah and AM. Ibrahim. 2000. Effect of some citrus rootstocks on growth of young Baladi mandarin and Valencia orange trees in newly reclaimed soil. II. Growth flushes and leaf chemical constituents. Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research, 27:965–989.
• Kafa, G. and E. Canihos, 2010. Citrus Cultivation (in Turkish). Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock Publication, Ankara, TURKEY. 208 p.
• Kaplankiran, M., TH. Demirkeser and E. Yildiz. 2005. The effects of some citrus rootstocks on fruit yield and quality for Okitsu Satsuma during the juvenility period in Dortyol (Hatay, Turkey) conditions. Proceeding of 7th International Congress of Citrus Nurserymen (17-21 September, Egypt), Abst. No. 27.
• Kaska, N., M. Guleryuz, M. Kaplankiran, S. Kafkas, S. Ercisli, A. Esitken, R. Aslantaş and E. Akçay. 2005. The targets of fruit production in Turkey (in Turkish with an English summary). The seventh Technical Congress of Turkey Agricultural Engineering (3-7 January, Turkey), p. 519-549.
• Legua, P., JB. Forner, Fca. Hernández and MA. Forner-Giner. 2014. Total phenolics, organic acids, sugars and antioxidant activity of mandarin (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan.): Variation from rootstock. Scientia Horticulturae, 174:60-64.
• Monselise, SP. and EE. Goldschmidt. 1982. Alternate bearing in fruit trees. In: Horticultural Reviews. (Eds. J. Janic). AVI Publishing Company, INC Westport, USA. p. 128-166.
• Salibe, AA. 1974. The Tristeza Diease. Proceedings of the First International Citrus Short Course, Florida, USA, pp. 68-76.
• Saunt, J. 1990. Citrus varieties of the World. Sinclair International Limited, Norwich, England. 126 p.
• Smith, MW., RG. Shaw, JC. Chapman, J. Owen-Turner, LS. Lee, KB. McRae, KR. Jorgensen and WV. Mungomery. 2004. Long-term performance of ‘Ellendale’ mandarin on seven commercial rootstocks in sub-tropical Australia. Scientia Horticulturae, 102:75-89.
• Sposito, MB., PRC. Castro and M. Agusti. 1998. Alternância de produção em citros (in French with an English summary). Laranja, 19:293-304.
• Stuchi, ES., E. Espinoza-Nunez, FAAM. Filho and EMM. Ortega. 2008. Vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality of four mandarin and hybrid cultivars on four rootstocks. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 30:741-747.
• Tsakelidou, K., X. Papanikolaou and E. Protopapadakis. 2002. Rootstock effects on the yields, tree and fruit characteristics of the mandarin cultivar ‘Clementine’ on the Island of Rhodes. Experimental Agriculture, 38:351-358.
• Tuzcu, O., M. Kaplankiran and M. Seker. 1998 The effects of some citrus rootstocks on fruit productivity of some ımportant orange, grapefruit, lemon and mandarin cultivars in Çukurova region. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 22:117-126.
• Wallace, JM. 1956. Tristeza disease of citrus with special reference to its situation in the US. FAO Plant Prodection Bulletion, 10:77-78.
• Westwood, MN. 1993. Temperate-zone pomology, Physiology and culture, Timber Press Inc., Portland, Oregon. 535 p.
• Yildiz, E., TH. Demirkeser, M. Kaplankiran, C. Toplu, AE. Ozdemir and EE. Candir. 2012. Performances of ‘Silverhill (22-9)’ satsuma on different rootstocks in Dörtyol (Hatay) ecological conditions (in Turkish with an English summary). Journal of Agricultural Faculty, Mustafa Kemal University, 17:31-40.
• Yildiz, E., TH. Demirkeser and M. Kaplankiran. 2013. Growth, yield, and fruit quality of ‘Rhode Red Valencia’ and ‘Valencia Late’ sweet oranges grown on three rootstocks in eastern Mediterranean. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 73:142-146.