The Effects of Magnesium Phosphide Applications on Dried Fig Quality
Yıl 2007,
Cilt: 44 Sayı: 1, 29 - 40, 01.03.2007
K. Betül Meyvacı
Fatih Şen
Kaynakça
- AOAC. 1990. Official Method of Analysis, 15th ed., Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA..
- Aksoy, U. ve M. Dokuzoğuz. 1984. Kuru incirlerde saklama koşullarının meyve kalitesine etkileri. Tübitak Yayınları, No:587, Ankara.
- Aksoy, U., K.B. Meyvaci, F. Şen and A. Altındişli. 2003. Impact of fumigants applied to control storage pests on fruit quality of dried figs.Pages: 203-209. Integrated Protection of Stored Products (Sept. 16-19, 2003, Kuşadası, İzmir), Proceedings of the Conference of the IOBC WPRS Working Group, 27(9)2004.
- Anonymous, 2004. The regulation to amend the phase-out methyl bromide. Official Gazette of Turkish Republic, 25427.
- Bell, C.H. and S.M. Wilson. 1995. Phosphine tolerance and resistance in Trichoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). J. Stored Prod. Res., 31:199-205.
- Bell, C.H. 2000. Fumigation in the 21st century. Crop Protection, 19: 563-569.
- Chaudhry, M.Q. 1997. A review of the mechanisms involved in the action of phosphine as an insecticide and phosphine resistance in stored-product insects. Pestic. Sci., 49: 213-228.
- Çakır, M., U. Aksoy, K.B. Meyvacı, F. Şen, F. Özdamar ve A. Yorgancı. 2003. Rehidratasyon Yoluyla Yüksek Nemli Kuru İncir Eldesi, Farklı Saklama Koşulları ve Ambalaj Materyallerinin Kuru İncirde Kalite Değişimine Etkileri Üzerine Araştırmalar. TÜBİTAK TARP 2574/8 nolu proje sonuç raporu.
- Desmarchelier J.M., S.E. Allen, R. Yonglin, R. Moss and V.L. Trang. 1998. Commercial-scale trials on the application of ethyl formate, carbonyl sulphide and carbon disulphide to wheat. CSIRO Entomology Technical Report No. 75, pages 63.
- Ferizli, A.G., M. Emekci, S. Tutuncu, and S. Navarro. 2004. The efficincy of phoshine fumigation against dried fruit pests in Turkey. Pages: 265-270., Integrated Protection of Stored Products (Sept. 16-19, 2003, Kuşadası, İzmir), Proceedings of the Conference of the IOBC WPRS Working Group, 27(9)2004.
- Fields, P.G. and N.D.G. White. 2002. Alternatives to methyl bromide treatments for stored-product and quarantine insects. Annual Review of Entomology, 47:331- 359.
- Guimond, M.C., K.P. Andrews and A.G. Lang. 1998. Scanning electronmicroscopy of floral inititation in sweet cheery. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.123(4): 509-512.
- INC, 2007. World consumption and production trends, April 2007 Global Statistical Review. The Cracker, No. 2, 53-67.
- Johnson, J.A., K.A Valero, M.M. Hannel, and R.F. Gill. 2000. Seasonal occurence of postharvest dried fruit insects and their parasitoids in a culled fig warehouse. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93(4):1380-1390.
- Johnson, J.A., S. Wang and J. Tang. 2003. Thermal death kinetics of fifth-instar Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 96(2): 519-524.
- Kader, A.A., E.J. Mitcham and C.H. Crisosto. 2002. Dried fruit and nuts. http://rics.ucdavis.edu/postharvest2/Produce/ProduceFacst/Fruit/Driedfruits.ht ml (accessed Dec. 2003).
- Karaçalı, İ. 2002. Meyve ve Sebze Değerlendirme. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No: 19/5. 263 s.
- MBTOC. 1998. Assessment of Alternatives to Methyl Bromide. Nairobi, Kenya: UN Environ. Comm., Ozone Secretariat, pages 374.
- Meyvaci, K.B., F. Sen, U. Aksoy, F. Özdamar and M. Çakır, 2002a. Research on prolonging the marketing period of dried and ready-to-eat type figs (Ficus carica). Acta Hort. 628:439-445.
- Meyvacı, K.B., F. Şen, U. Aksoy, A. Altındişli, M. Emekçi, A.G. Ferizli and F. Turanlı. 2002. Project to phase-out methyl bromide in dried fig sector in Turkey. Acta Hortic. 628: 73-81.
- Roos, Y.H. and M.J. Himberg. 1994. Nonenzymatic browning behavior, as related to glass transition, of a food model at chilling temperatures. J. Agr. Food Chem. 42:893-898.
- Perera, C.O., 2005. Selected Quality Attributes of Dried Foods. Drying Technology, 23, 717-730.
- Schneider, S.M., E.N. Rosskopf, J.G. Leesch, D.O. Chellemi, C.T. Bull and M. Mazzola. 2003. Research on alternatives to methyl bromide: pre-plant and post-harvest. Pest Management Science, 59:814-826.
- TEAP. 2000. Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer: UNEP Technology and Economic Assessment Panel. April 2000 Rep. 120.
- Thomas W. 2001. USEPA Methyl bromide phase out http://www.epa.gov/docs/ozone/mbr/mbrqa.html
- Turanlı, F. 2003. Studies on infestation levels of pests on dried fig in Aydın and İzmir provinces. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 27(3):171-180.
- Zettler, J.L. and F.H. Arthur. 2000. Chemical control of stored product insects with fumigants and residual treatments. Crop Protection, 19:577-582.
Magnezyum Fosfit Uygulamalarının Kuru İncir Meyve Kalitesine Etkileri
Yıl 2007,
Cilt: 44 Sayı: 1, 29 - 40, 01.03.2007
K. Betül Meyvacı
Fatih Şen
Öz
Türkiye’de kuru incir üretimi Sarılop (Ficus carica L.) çeşidi meyvelerinin güneşte kurutulması ile sağlanmakta ve üretimin %90’ı ihraç edilmektedir. Kuru incirde depo zararlılarının önemli sorun yaratması sonucu Metil Bromit (MeBr) ile fümigasyon sektörde zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Montreal Protokolü çerçevesinde, MeBrkullanımı Türkiye’de 1 Ocak 2007 tarihinden itibaren laboratuar, karantina ve yükleme öncesi işlemler haricinde yasaklanmıştır. MeBr’e alternatif olarak önem kazanan Magnezyum Fosfit (MgPH3) ile ilgili çalışmada, çadır altında 3 ve 5 gün ~600 ppm ve 5 gün ~1000 ppm fosfin uygulamalarının meyve kalitesine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Test edilen konsantrasyon ve süreler test böceklerinde %100 ölüm sağlamıştır. Kuru incirlerde 3 ve 5 gün ~600 ppm fosfin uygulamalarının 6 aylık depolama (normal koşullarda) sonunda meyve kalitesine olumsuz herhangi bir etkisi olmadığından kuru incir sektörüne önerilmesi uygun bulunmuştur
Kaynakça
- AOAC. 1990. Official Method of Analysis, 15th ed., Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA..
- Aksoy, U. ve M. Dokuzoğuz. 1984. Kuru incirlerde saklama koşullarının meyve kalitesine etkileri. Tübitak Yayınları, No:587, Ankara.
- Aksoy, U., K.B. Meyvaci, F. Şen and A. Altındişli. 2003. Impact of fumigants applied to control storage pests on fruit quality of dried figs.Pages: 203-209. Integrated Protection of Stored Products (Sept. 16-19, 2003, Kuşadası, İzmir), Proceedings of the Conference of the IOBC WPRS Working Group, 27(9)2004.
- Anonymous, 2004. The regulation to amend the phase-out methyl bromide. Official Gazette of Turkish Republic, 25427.
- Bell, C.H. and S.M. Wilson. 1995. Phosphine tolerance and resistance in Trichoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). J. Stored Prod. Res., 31:199-205.
- Bell, C.H. 2000. Fumigation in the 21st century. Crop Protection, 19: 563-569.
- Chaudhry, M.Q. 1997. A review of the mechanisms involved in the action of phosphine as an insecticide and phosphine resistance in stored-product insects. Pestic. Sci., 49: 213-228.
- Çakır, M., U. Aksoy, K.B. Meyvacı, F. Şen, F. Özdamar ve A. Yorgancı. 2003. Rehidratasyon Yoluyla Yüksek Nemli Kuru İncir Eldesi, Farklı Saklama Koşulları ve Ambalaj Materyallerinin Kuru İncirde Kalite Değişimine Etkileri Üzerine Araştırmalar. TÜBİTAK TARP 2574/8 nolu proje sonuç raporu.
- Desmarchelier J.M., S.E. Allen, R. Yonglin, R. Moss and V.L. Trang. 1998. Commercial-scale trials on the application of ethyl formate, carbonyl sulphide and carbon disulphide to wheat. CSIRO Entomology Technical Report No. 75, pages 63.
- Ferizli, A.G., M. Emekci, S. Tutuncu, and S. Navarro. 2004. The efficincy of phoshine fumigation against dried fruit pests in Turkey. Pages: 265-270., Integrated Protection of Stored Products (Sept. 16-19, 2003, Kuşadası, İzmir), Proceedings of the Conference of the IOBC WPRS Working Group, 27(9)2004.
- Fields, P.G. and N.D.G. White. 2002. Alternatives to methyl bromide treatments for stored-product and quarantine insects. Annual Review of Entomology, 47:331- 359.
- Guimond, M.C., K.P. Andrews and A.G. Lang. 1998. Scanning electronmicroscopy of floral inititation in sweet cheery. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.123(4): 509-512.
- INC, 2007. World consumption and production trends, April 2007 Global Statistical Review. The Cracker, No. 2, 53-67.
- Johnson, J.A., K.A Valero, M.M. Hannel, and R.F. Gill. 2000. Seasonal occurence of postharvest dried fruit insects and their parasitoids in a culled fig warehouse. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93(4):1380-1390.
- Johnson, J.A., S. Wang and J. Tang. 2003. Thermal death kinetics of fifth-instar Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 96(2): 519-524.
- Kader, A.A., E.J. Mitcham and C.H. Crisosto. 2002. Dried fruit and nuts. http://rics.ucdavis.edu/postharvest2/Produce/ProduceFacst/Fruit/Driedfruits.ht ml (accessed Dec. 2003).
- Karaçalı, İ. 2002. Meyve ve Sebze Değerlendirme. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No: 19/5. 263 s.
- MBTOC. 1998. Assessment of Alternatives to Methyl Bromide. Nairobi, Kenya: UN Environ. Comm., Ozone Secretariat, pages 374.
- Meyvaci, K.B., F. Sen, U. Aksoy, F. Özdamar and M. Çakır, 2002a. Research on prolonging the marketing period of dried and ready-to-eat type figs (Ficus carica). Acta Hort. 628:439-445.
- Meyvacı, K.B., F. Şen, U. Aksoy, A. Altındişli, M. Emekçi, A.G. Ferizli and F. Turanlı. 2002. Project to phase-out methyl bromide in dried fig sector in Turkey. Acta Hortic. 628: 73-81.
- Roos, Y.H. and M.J. Himberg. 1994. Nonenzymatic browning behavior, as related to glass transition, of a food model at chilling temperatures. J. Agr. Food Chem. 42:893-898.
- Perera, C.O., 2005. Selected Quality Attributes of Dried Foods. Drying Technology, 23, 717-730.
- Schneider, S.M., E.N. Rosskopf, J.G. Leesch, D.O. Chellemi, C.T. Bull and M. Mazzola. 2003. Research on alternatives to methyl bromide: pre-plant and post-harvest. Pest Management Science, 59:814-826.
- TEAP. 2000. Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer: UNEP Technology and Economic Assessment Panel. April 2000 Rep. 120.
- Thomas W. 2001. USEPA Methyl bromide phase out http://www.epa.gov/docs/ozone/mbr/mbrqa.html
- Turanlı, F. 2003. Studies on infestation levels of pests on dried fig in Aydın and İzmir provinces. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 27(3):171-180.
- Zettler, J.L. and F.H. Arthur. 2000. Chemical control of stored product insects with fumigants and residual treatments. Crop Protection, 19:577-582.