Effects of secondary metabolites on pollination in legume forage crops

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 60 Sayı: 3 - Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Cilt: 60 Sayı: 3, 539 - 552, 13.10.2023

Mehmet Arif Özyazıcı

https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1338227

Öz

Plants have developed a number of defense strategies against herbivores, including the synthesis of secondary metabolites with toxic, repellent, and/or anti-nutritional effects. The ecological function of these secondary metabolites, which are generally classified as flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids, in plant defense is well known; however, their role in plant-pollinator interactions is not yet clear enough. According to available information, secondary metabolites found in flower nectar and pollen are effective in pollination like mediating pollination with the help of its attractive odour and color, protecting flowers and nectar from insects that do not contribute much in pollination, and reducing the level of disease factors in pollinators thanks to their microbial activities. In this review study, the effects of secondary metabolites in forage legumes on pollination were emphasized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Alkaloid, flavonoid, pollinator, polyphenol, secondary metabolite

Baklagil yem bitkilerinde sekonder metabolitlerin tozlaşmadaki etkileri

Öz

Bitkiler, otoburlara karşı toksik, itici ve/veya beslenme karşıtı etkileri olan sekonder metabolitlerin sentezini içeren bir dizi savunma stratejisi geliştirmişlerdir. Genel olarak flavonoidler, alkaloidler ve terpenoidler sınıfında yer alan bu sekonder metabolitlerin, bitki savunmasındaki ekolojik işlevi iyi bilinmekte; ancak, bitki-tozlayıcı etkileşimlerindeki rolleri henüz yeterince açık değildir. Mevcut bilgilere göre, çiçeğin nektar ve poleninde bulunan sekonder metabolitler; renk ve koku gibi cezbedici özellikleri ile tozlaşmada aracılık etme, tozlaşmada çok fazla katkısı olmayan böceklerden çiçeği ve nektarı koruma ve mikrobiyal aktiviteleri sayesinde tozlayıcılardaki hastalık etmenlerinin seviyesini azaltma gibi faydaları özellikleri ile tozlaşmada etkili olmaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmasında, baklagil yem bitkilerindeki sekonder metabolitlerin tozlaşmadaki etkileri üzerinde durulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Alkaloid, flavonoid, polifenol, sekonder metabolit, tozlayıcı

Kaynakça

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