The investigation of agricultural status of registered functional plant artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.) of Hasanağa region plantations in Bursa province
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 60 Sayı: 4 - Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Cilt: 60 Sayı: 4, 647 - 663, 05.01.2024
Serhat Gürel
,
Mustafa Bıyıklı
Öz
Amaç: Bursa ili, Nilüfer ilçesi, Hasanağa mahallesinde enginar (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.) tarım topraklarının verimlilik durumlarının belirlenmesi.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Bu amaçla 20 adet bahçeden toprak, yaprak ve meyve örnekleri alınarak analiz edilmiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: Topraklar 0-30 cm’de nötr ve 30-60 cm ise hafif alkali reaksiyondadır. Tuzluluk sorunu olmayan, orta bünyeli topraklardır. Toprakların yarısından fazlası orta seviyede kireçlidir. Yarısından fazlasının da OM içeriğinin %2 ve daha düşük seviyede olduğu belirlenmiştir. İncelenen toprakların özellikle 30-60 cm derinlikte %50’sinin N ile P ve %90’ının K konsantrasyonları düşük seviyede belirlenmiştir. Toprak ekstraklarının tamamında B konsantrasyonları düşük seviyede belirlenirken, %85’inin Ca konsantrasyonları yüksektir. Sodik olmadığı analiz edilen toprakların, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn ve Mn içerikleri iyi ya da yeterli konsantrasyonda belirlenmiştir. Enginar yaprağı ekstraktındaki makro element konsantrasyonları N>Mg>Na>Ca>K>P şekilde sıralanmaktadır. Mikroelement içerikleri değerlendirildiğinde; yaprakların mikro element içerikleri Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu şeklinde sıralanmaktadır.
Sonuç: Araştırma sonuçlarına göre enginar yetiştiriciliği yapılan topraklarda ve enginar yapraklarında K ve P içeriklerinin diğer elementlerin gerisinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Enginar yaprak, çiçek tablası ve brakte yaprakların bitki besin elementi konsantrasyonları, enginar hakkında yapılan kimi araştırma sonuçları ile uyumludur.
Proje Numarası
FHIZ-2023-1416
Kaynakça
- Akkal-Corfini, N., P. Robin, S. Menasseri-Aubry, M.S. Corson, J.P. Severe, J.M. Collet & T. Morvan, 2021. Fate of nitrogen from artichokeİ: (Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus L.) crop residues: A Review and lysimeter study. Nitrogen, 2 (1): 41-61. https://doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen2010004
- Allahdadi, M., Y. Raei, B. Bahreininejad, A. Taghizadeh & S. Narimani, 2016. Effect of chemical and biological fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). Biological Forum-An International Journal, 8 (1): 500-508. ISSN No. (Online): 2249-3239.
- Angelova, V., M.P. Nemska, G. Uzunova & L. Krustev, 2019. Chemical composition of cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) grown in South Bulgaria. AGROFOR International Journal, 4 (3): 100-110. Doi: 10.7251/Agreng1903100A
- Anonymous, 1951. Soil Survey Manual (U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook). U.S. Gout Print Office, Washington D.C., No: 18, 209 p.
- Anonymous, 1988. Türkiye Gübreler ve Gübreleme Rehberi (T.C.T.O.K.B. Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Toprak ve Gübre Araştırma Enstitüsü). Genel yayın no: 151, Teknik yayın no: T-50, Ankara, 182 s.
- Anonymous, 2020. Hasanağa enginarı. Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu. (Web page: https://ci.turkpatent.gov.tr/cografi-isaretler/detay/38469) (Erişim tarihi: Ocak 2021).
- Anwar, R.S.M., M.A. Mahmoud & N.H. Hussien, 2017. Effect of irrigation and potassium fertilizer on vegetative growth, yield and quality of globe artichoke plants under sandy soil conditions. Journal of Plant Production, 8 (11): 1267-1276. https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpp.2017.41308
- Archontoulis, S.V., P.C. Struik, J. Vos & N.G. Danalatos, 2010. Phenological growth stages of Cynara cardunculus: codification and description according to the BBCH scale. Annals of Appllied Biology, 156 (2): 253–270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2009.00384.x
- Archontoulis, S.V., J. Vos, X. Yin, L. Bastiaans, N.G. Danalatos & P.C. Struik, 2011. Temporal dynamics of light and nitrogen vertical distributions in canopies of sunflower, kenaf and cynara. Field Crops Research, 122 (3): 186–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2011.03.008
- Ben Salem, M., H. Affes, K. Athmouni, K. Ksouda, R. Dhouibi, Z. Sahnoun, S. Hammami & K.M. Zeghal, 2017. Chemicals compositions, antioxidant and anti-ınflammatory activity of Cynara scolymus leaves extracts, and analysis of major bioactive polyphenols by HPLC. Hindawi, Article ID : 4951937, 14p, https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4951937
- Bianco. V.V., 1990. “Carciofo (Cynara scolymus L.), 209-251”. In: Orticoltura (Eds. V.V. Bianco & F. Pimpini), Patron Editore, Bologna (in Italian).
- Biel, W., R. Witkowicz, E. Piątkowska & C. Podsiadło, 2020. Proximate composition, minerals and antioxidant activity of artichoke leaf extracts. Biological Trace Element Res., 194: 589–595. Doi: 10.1007/s12011-019-01806-3
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Fonksiyonel bitki enginarın (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.) tescilli, Bursa ili Hasanağa yöresi plantasyonlarının toprak ve bitki besin maddesi değişimlerinin incelenmesi
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 60 Sayı: 4 - Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Cilt: 60 Sayı: 4, 647 - 663, 05.01.2024
Serhat Gürel
,
Mustafa Bıyıklı
Öz
Amaç: Bursa ili, Nilüfer ilçesi, Hasanağa mahallesinde enginar (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.) tarım topraklarının verimlilik durumlarının belirlenmesi.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Bu amaçla 20 adet bahçeden toprak, yaprak ve meyve örnekleri alınarak analiz edilmiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: Topraklar 0-30 cm’de nötr ve 30-60 cm ise hafif alkali reaksiyondadır. Tuzluluk sorunu olmayan, orta bünyeli topraklardır. Toprakların yarısından fazlası orta seviyede kireçlidir. Yarısından fazlasının da OM içeriğinin %2 ve daha düşük seviyede olduğu belirlenmiştir. İncelenen toprakların özellikle 30-60 cm derinlikte %50’sinin N ile P ve %90’ının K konsantrasyonları düşük seviyede belirlenmiştir. Toprak ekstraklarının tamamında B konsantrasyonları düşük seviyede belirlenirken, %85’inin Ca konsantrasyonları yüksektir. Sodik olmadığı analiz edilen toprakların, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn ve Mn içerikleri iyi ya da yeterli konsantrasyonda belirlenmiştir. Enginar yaprağı ekstraktındaki makro element konsantrasyonları N>Mg>Na>Ca>K>P şekilde sıralanmaktadır. Mikroelement içerikleri değerlendirildiğinde; yaprakların mikro element içerikleri Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu şeklinde sıralanmaktadır.
Sonuç: Araştırma sonuçlarına göre enginar yetiştiriciliği yapılan topraklarda ve enginar yapraklarında K ve P içeriklerinin diğer elementlerin gerisinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Enginar yaprak, çiçek tablası ve brakte yaprakların bitki besin elementi konsantrasyonları, enginar hakkında yapılan kimi araştırma sonuçları ile uyumludur.
Destekleyen Kurum
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Bilimsel araştırma Projeleri Birimi
Proje Numarası
FHIZ-2023-1416
Teşekkür
Bu çalışma, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Araştırma Fonu tarafından desteklenen FHIZ-2023-1416 No'lu Proje'nin bir parçasıdır.
Yardım, katkı ve desteklerinden dolayı sayın Halil BAŞARAN’a çok teşekkür ederiz.
Kaynakça
- Akkal-Corfini, N., P. Robin, S. Menasseri-Aubry, M.S. Corson, J.P. Severe, J.M. Collet & T. Morvan, 2021. Fate of nitrogen from artichokeİ: (Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus L.) crop residues: A Review and lysimeter study. Nitrogen, 2 (1): 41-61. https://doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen2010004
- Allahdadi, M., Y. Raei, B. Bahreininejad, A. Taghizadeh & S. Narimani, 2016. Effect of chemical and biological fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). Biological Forum-An International Journal, 8 (1): 500-508. ISSN No. (Online): 2249-3239.
- Angelova, V., M.P. Nemska, G. Uzunova & L. Krustev, 2019. Chemical composition of cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) grown in South Bulgaria. AGROFOR International Journal, 4 (3): 100-110. Doi: 10.7251/Agreng1903100A
- Anonymous, 1951. Soil Survey Manual (U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook). U.S. Gout Print Office, Washington D.C., No: 18, 209 p.
- Anonymous, 1988. Türkiye Gübreler ve Gübreleme Rehberi (T.C.T.O.K.B. Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Toprak ve Gübre Araştırma Enstitüsü). Genel yayın no: 151, Teknik yayın no: T-50, Ankara, 182 s.
- Anonymous, 2020. Hasanağa enginarı. Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu. (Web page: https://ci.turkpatent.gov.tr/cografi-isaretler/detay/38469) (Erişim tarihi: Ocak 2021).
- Anwar, R.S.M., M.A. Mahmoud & N.H. Hussien, 2017. Effect of irrigation and potassium fertilizer on vegetative growth, yield and quality of globe artichoke plants under sandy soil conditions. Journal of Plant Production, 8 (11): 1267-1276. https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpp.2017.41308
- Archontoulis, S.V., P.C. Struik, J. Vos & N.G. Danalatos, 2010. Phenological growth stages of Cynara cardunculus: codification and description according to the BBCH scale. Annals of Appllied Biology, 156 (2): 253–270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2009.00384.x
- Archontoulis, S.V., J. Vos, X. Yin, L. Bastiaans, N.G. Danalatos & P.C. Struik, 2011. Temporal dynamics of light and nitrogen vertical distributions in canopies of sunflower, kenaf and cynara. Field Crops Research, 122 (3): 186–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2011.03.008
- Ben Salem, M., H. Affes, K. Athmouni, K. Ksouda, R. Dhouibi, Z. Sahnoun, S. Hammami & K.M. Zeghal, 2017. Chemicals compositions, antioxidant and anti-ınflammatory activity of Cynara scolymus leaves extracts, and analysis of major bioactive polyphenols by HPLC. Hindawi, Article ID : 4951937, 14p, https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4951937
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