Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Role of Pediatric Nurse

Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a health problem that begins in childhood and treated as a common psychiatric problem among children/adolescents. ADHD is a common health problem; however, there has been no definite consensus on its frequency and prevalence because of the different methods and diagnostic criteria used in its assessment. When we look at the studies conducted across the world, prevalence rates among school children are observed to vary from as low as 0.2%- 0.4% to as high as 23.4%-27%. The incidence of ADHD in Turkey is 5% and four times more common in boys than girls. Pediatric nurses play a key role in identifying the children/ adolescents with ADHD and in the continuity of the support to be given to. As a result, pediatric nurses should arrange trainings for early diagnosis and treatment of children/adolescents with ADHD in schools, arrange screening work for ADHD, and provide expert advice to the child, their family, teachers and social environment.

Keywords

• attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,nurse,pediatry,symptom

Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu ve Padiatri Hemşiresinin Rolü

Öz

Dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB), çocuklukta başlayan bir sağlık sorunudur ve çocuk/ergenlerde ortak bir psikiyatrik problem olarak ele alınmaktadır. DEHB, sık görülen bir sağlık sorunu olmasına rağmen, kullanılan farklı yöntem ve tanı koyma ölçütleri nedeni ile sıklık ve yaygınlık konusunda kesin bir görüş birliği sağlanamamıştır. Dünyada yapılan çalışmalar incelendiğinde; okul çağı çocuklarında %0,2-%0,4 gibi çok düşük değerlerden %23,4-%27 gibi daha yüksek değerler arasında oldukça farklı prevalans oranları görülmektedir. DEHB’nin Türkiye’deki insidansı ise %5 olup, erkeklerde kızlara göre dört kat daha fazladır. DEHB’li çocuk/ergenleri erken dönemde belirleyerek onlara verilecek desteğin sürekliliğinde pediatri hemşireleri anahtar kişi rolündedir. Sonuç olarak pediatri hemşireleri, DEHB’li çocukların erken dönemde tanılanabilmesi ve tedaviye yönlendirilmesi için okullarda eğitimler düzenlemeli, bu konuya yönelik tarama çalışmaları yapmalı, çocuğun, ailesinin, öğretmenin ve sosyal çevresine danışmanlık sağlamalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu,hemşire,pediatri,semptom

Kaynakça

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