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Etlik Piliç Karma Yemlerinde Farklı Yağ Kaynağı Kullanımının Büyüme Performansı ve Serum Lipit Konsantrasyonuna Etkisi

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 370, 94 - 103, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.33724/zm.730807

Öz

Bu çalışma, karma yemlere farklı yağ kaynağı kullanımının etlik piliçlerin büyüme performansı parametreleri ile serum lipitleri trigliserit, total kolesterol, HDL ve LDL konsantrasyonuna etkisini belirlemek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Denemede toplam 640 adet günlük yaşta karışık cinsiyette etlik piliç civcivi (Ross 308) kullanılmıştır. Denemede; ayçiçek yağı, kanola yağı, sığır iç yağı (%50 don yağ + %50 çöz yağ) ve bu yağların eşit oranlarda karıştırılmasından (%25 ayçiçek yağı + %25 kanola yağı + %25 don yağ + %25 çöz yağ) oluşan mix yağ olarak adlandırılan 4 farklı muamele grubu oluşturulmuştur. Muameleler sekiz tekerrürlü ve her tekerrürde 20 civciv olacak şekilde rastgele dağıtılmıştır. Başlatma yemi (1-21.gün; % 23 HP, 3000 kkal ME/kg) %5 ve bitirme yemi (22-42.gün; % 20 HP, 3200 kkal ME/kg) %7.5 seviyesinde ilgili yağ kaynağından içerecek şekilde mısır-soya küspesi ağırlıklı olarak hazırlanmıştır. Altı hafta süren deneme boyunca yem ve su ad libitum olarak verilmiştir. Deneme sonucunda etlik piliç karma yemlerine farklı yağ kaynağı kullanımının canlı ağırlık artışı üzerine önemli bir etkisi olmamıştır (P>0.05). Ayçiçek yağı ilaveli yem ile beslenen piliçlerin yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma oranı kanola yağı ilaveli yem ile beslenen piliçlerle benzer, iç ve mix yağ ilaveli yem ile beslenen piliçlerden önemli seviyede düşük olmuştur (P<0.05). Etlik piliç karma yemlerine farklı yağ kaynağı ilavesinin serum trigliserit, total kolesterol, HDL ve LDL konsantrasyonu üzerine önemli bir etkisi olmamıştır ( P>0.05). Ancak erkek piliçlerin total kolesterol, HDL ve LDL konsantrasyonları dişi piliçlerden daha yüksek olmuştur (P<0.05). Etlik piliç rasyonlarında ayçiçeği yağı kullanımının performansı diğer yağ kaynaklarına göre iyileştirdiği ve hayvansal yağların bitkisel yağlar ile karışım olarak kullanılmasının daha iyi olduğu ve yağ kaynaklarının serum lipitlerini etkilemediği görülmüştür.

Kaynakça

  • Baião NC, Lara L 2005. Oil and fat in broiler nutrition. Revista Brasil Ciên Avíc. 7, 129-141.
  • Burlikowska K, Piotrowska A, Szymeczko R 2010. Effect of dietary fat type on performance, biochemical indices and fatty acids profile in the blood serum of broiler chickens. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 19, 440-451.
  • Chen HY, Chiang SH, 2005. Effect of dietary polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio on heat production and growth performance of chicks under different ambient temperature. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 120, 299-308.
  • Crespo N, Esteve-Garcia E 2001. Dietary fatty acid profile modifies abdominal fat deposition in broiler chickens. Poultry Sci. 80(1), 71-78.
  • Crespo N, Esteve-Garcia E 2002. Nutrient and fatty acid deposition in broilers fed different dietary fatty acid profiles. Poult. Sci. 81, 1533-1542.
  • De Witt F, Els S, Van der Merwe H, Hugo A, Fair M 2009. Effect of dietary lipid sources on production performance of broilers. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci., 39, 45-48.
  • Demir E, Öztürkcan O 1991. The factors causing by fattening in broiler and their control. Broylerlerde yağlanmaya etki eden faktörler ve kontrolü. Anim. Mag. 5:39-45.
  • Donaldson WE 1979. Regulation fatty acid synthesis. Fed. Proc. 38, 2617-2621.
  • Duraisamy K, Senthilkumar M, Mani K 2013. Effect of saturated and unsaturated fat on the performance, serum and meat cholesterol level in broilers. Vet. World. 6, 159-162.
  • Ferrini G, Baucells MD, Esteve-Garcia E, Barroeta AC 2008. Dietary polyunsaturated fat reduces skin fat as well as abdominal fat in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 87, 528–535.
  • Firman JD, Kamyab A, Leigh H 2008. Comparison of fat sources in rations of broilers from hatch to market. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 7, 1152-1155.
  • Hassan HM, Guo HC, Jin HC, Galal MY 2007. Relation between abdominal fat and serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoprotein concentrations in chicken breeds. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 31(6), 375-379.
  • Kırkpınar F, Taluğ AM, Erkek R, Sevgican F 1999. Etlik piliç karma yemlerine ilave edilen değişik yağların performans ve yağlanma ile ilgili bazı parametreler üzerine etkileri. Turk J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 23, 523-532.
  • Kinsella JE, Lokesh B, Stone R 1990. Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and amelioration of cardiovascular disease: possible mechanisms. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 52, 1-28.
  • Monfaredi A, Rezaei M, Sayyahzadeh H 2011. Effect of supplemental fat in low energy diets on some blood parameters and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks. S Afr J Anim Sci, 41(1), 24-32.
  • Mossab A, Hallouis JM, Lessire M 2000. Utilization of soybean oil and tallow in young turkeys compared with young chickens. Poult. Sci. 79:1326-1331.
  • Musa HH, Cheng JH, Wu XS, Ju HP, Mekki DM, Chen GH 2007. Analysis of LDL receptor mRNA expression, serum biochemical and abdominal fat weight in fat and lean chickens. Biol Sci. 7, 693-696.
  • Newman RE, Bryden WL, Fleck E, Ashes JR, Buttemer WA, Storlien LH, Downing JA 2002. Dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids alter avian metabolism: Metabolism and abdominal fat deposition. Br. J. Nutr. 88, 11–18.
  • Noy Y, Sklan D 1996. Uptake capacity in vitro for glucose and methionine and in situ for oleic acid in the proximal small intestine of post hatch chicks. Poult Sci. 75, 998-1002.
  • NRC 1994. National research council nutrient requirements of poultry, 9th ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.155p.
  • Özdoğan M, Akşit M 2003. Effects of feeds containing different fats on carcass and blood parameters of broilers. J. Appl. Poulty. Res. 12, 251-256.
  • Ravindran V, Tancharoenrat P, Zaefarian G, Ravindran G 2016. Fats in poultry nutrition: Digestive physiology and factors influencing their utilization. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 213, 1-21.
  • Robertson FW, Cumming AM 1985. Effects of apoprotein E polymorphism on serum lipoprotein concentration. Arteriosclerosis, 5: 283-292.
  • Sanz M, Lopez-Bote CJ, Menoyo D, Bautista JM 2000. Abdominal fat deposition and fatty acid synthesis are lower and β-oxidation is higher in broiler chickens fed diets containing unsaturated rather than saturated fat. J Nutr. 130, 3034-3037.
  • SAS Institute 2002. JMP® User’s Guide: Statistics Version 5.0.1.edition. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Caroline.
  • Scaife JR, Moyo J, Galbraith H, Michie W, Campbell W 1994. Effect of different dietary supplemental fats and oils on the tissue fatty acid composition and growth of female broilers. Brit. Poultry Sci. 35(1), 107-118.
  • Smink W, Gerrits W, Hovenier R, Geelen M, Verstegen M, Beynen A 2010. Effect of dietary fat sources on fatty acid deposition and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 89, 2432–2440.
  • Tepperman S 1981. Metobolic and endocrýne physiology and introductory text. 4th ed.
  • Velasco S, Ortiz LT, Alzueta C, Rebole A, Trevino J, Rodriguez ML 2010. Effect of inulin supplementation and dietary fat source on performance, blood serum metabolites, liver lipids, abdominal fat deposition, and tissue fatty acid composition in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 89, 1651-1662.
  • Villaverde C, Cortinas L, Barroeta AC, Martín-Orúe SM, Baucells, MD 2004. Relationship between dietary unsatturation and Vitamin E in poultry. J. Anim. Physiol. and Anim. Nutr. 88, 143-149.
  • Zammit VA, Waterman IJ, Topping D, McKay G 2001. Insulin stimulation of hepatic triacylglycerol secretion and the etiology of insulin resistance. J. Nutr. 131, 2074-2077.
  • Zollitsch W, Knaus W, Aichinger F, Lettner F 1997. Effects of different dietary fat sources on performance and carcass characteristics of broilers. Anim.FeedSci.Tech. 66(1-4), 63-73.

Influence of Different Sources of Oil on Growth Performance and Serum Lipid Profile in Broilers

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 370, 94 - 103, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.33724/zm.730807

Öz

This study examined the effect of different oil sources use on the growth performance blood serum lipid profile of broilers. In the experiment, a total of 640 1-day-old unsexed broiler chicks were used. The dietary treatments were sunflower oil (SO), canola oil (CO), tallow (T) and the mixture of these oils in equal proportions. Thus, chicks were randomly distributed four dietary treatments with eight replications each has 20 chicks. The oil sources were supplemented to corn-soybean meal based starter (1 to 21 d; % 23 CP, 3000 kcal ME/kg) and finishing feeds (22 to 42 d; % 20 CP, 3200 ckal ME/kg) at inclusions levels of 5% and 7.5%, respectively. During the six-week trial, feed and water were given as ad libitum. As a result of the experiment, the use of different fat sources in broiler feed has no significant effect on body weight gain (P>0.05).
The feed intake and feed conversion ratio of the chickens fed with sunflower oil supplement was similar to the chickens fed with canola oil supplemented feed, and significantly lower than the chickens fed with feedstuff and mixed oil supplement (P<0.05). The addition of different fat sources to broiler feeds had no significant effect on serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL concentrations (P>0.05). However, the total cholesterol, HDL and LDL concentrations of male broilers were higher than the female broilers (P<0.05). It is concluded that the use of sunflower oil in broiler diets improves performance over other fat sources without no significant effect on serum lipid profile. It is data from the present experiment also suggest to use animal fats in mixtures with oils to increase their metabolizibility rather than theirs single use in the fed.

Kaynakça

  • Baião NC, Lara L 2005. Oil and fat in broiler nutrition. Revista Brasil Ciên Avíc. 7, 129-141.
  • Burlikowska K, Piotrowska A, Szymeczko R 2010. Effect of dietary fat type on performance, biochemical indices and fatty acids profile in the blood serum of broiler chickens. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 19, 440-451.
  • Chen HY, Chiang SH, 2005. Effect of dietary polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio on heat production and growth performance of chicks under different ambient temperature. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 120, 299-308.
  • Crespo N, Esteve-Garcia E 2001. Dietary fatty acid profile modifies abdominal fat deposition in broiler chickens. Poultry Sci. 80(1), 71-78.
  • Crespo N, Esteve-Garcia E 2002. Nutrient and fatty acid deposition in broilers fed different dietary fatty acid profiles. Poult. Sci. 81, 1533-1542.
  • De Witt F, Els S, Van der Merwe H, Hugo A, Fair M 2009. Effect of dietary lipid sources on production performance of broilers. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci., 39, 45-48.
  • Demir E, Öztürkcan O 1991. The factors causing by fattening in broiler and their control. Broylerlerde yağlanmaya etki eden faktörler ve kontrolü. Anim. Mag. 5:39-45.
  • Donaldson WE 1979. Regulation fatty acid synthesis. Fed. Proc. 38, 2617-2621.
  • Duraisamy K, Senthilkumar M, Mani K 2013. Effect of saturated and unsaturated fat on the performance, serum and meat cholesterol level in broilers. Vet. World. 6, 159-162.
  • Ferrini G, Baucells MD, Esteve-Garcia E, Barroeta AC 2008. Dietary polyunsaturated fat reduces skin fat as well as abdominal fat in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 87, 528–535.
  • Firman JD, Kamyab A, Leigh H 2008. Comparison of fat sources in rations of broilers from hatch to market. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 7, 1152-1155.
  • Hassan HM, Guo HC, Jin HC, Galal MY 2007. Relation between abdominal fat and serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoprotein concentrations in chicken breeds. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 31(6), 375-379.
  • Kırkpınar F, Taluğ AM, Erkek R, Sevgican F 1999. Etlik piliç karma yemlerine ilave edilen değişik yağların performans ve yağlanma ile ilgili bazı parametreler üzerine etkileri. Turk J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 23, 523-532.
  • Kinsella JE, Lokesh B, Stone R 1990. Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and amelioration of cardiovascular disease: possible mechanisms. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 52, 1-28.
  • Monfaredi A, Rezaei M, Sayyahzadeh H 2011. Effect of supplemental fat in low energy diets on some blood parameters and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks. S Afr J Anim Sci, 41(1), 24-32.
  • Mossab A, Hallouis JM, Lessire M 2000. Utilization of soybean oil and tallow in young turkeys compared with young chickens. Poult. Sci. 79:1326-1331.
  • Musa HH, Cheng JH, Wu XS, Ju HP, Mekki DM, Chen GH 2007. Analysis of LDL receptor mRNA expression, serum biochemical and abdominal fat weight in fat and lean chickens. Biol Sci. 7, 693-696.
  • Newman RE, Bryden WL, Fleck E, Ashes JR, Buttemer WA, Storlien LH, Downing JA 2002. Dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids alter avian metabolism: Metabolism and abdominal fat deposition. Br. J. Nutr. 88, 11–18.
  • Noy Y, Sklan D 1996. Uptake capacity in vitro for glucose and methionine and in situ for oleic acid in the proximal small intestine of post hatch chicks. Poult Sci. 75, 998-1002.
  • NRC 1994. National research council nutrient requirements of poultry, 9th ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.155p.
  • Özdoğan M, Akşit M 2003. Effects of feeds containing different fats on carcass and blood parameters of broilers. J. Appl. Poulty. Res. 12, 251-256.
  • Ravindran V, Tancharoenrat P, Zaefarian G, Ravindran G 2016. Fats in poultry nutrition: Digestive physiology and factors influencing their utilization. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 213, 1-21.
  • Robertson FW, Cumming AM 1985. Effects of apoprotein E polymorphism on serum lipoprotein concentration. Arteriosclerosis, 5: 283-292.
  • Sanz M, Lopez-Bote CJ, Menoyo D, Bautista JM 2000. Abdominal fat deposition and fatty acid synthesis are lower and β-oxidation is higher in broiler chickens fed diets containing unsaturated rather than saturated fat. J Nutr. 130, 3034-3037.
  • SAS Institute 2002. JMP® User’s Guide: Statistics Version 5.0.1.edition. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Caroline.
  • Scaife JR, Moyo J, Galbraith H, Michie W, Campbell W 1994. Effect of different dietary supplemental fats and oils on the tissue fatty acid composition and growth of female broilers. Brit. Poultry Sci. 35(1), 107-118.
  • Smink W, Gerrits W, Hovenier R, Geelen M, Verstegen M, Beynen A 2010. Effect of dietary fat sources on fatty acid deposition and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 89, 2432–2440.
  • Tepperman S 1981. Metobolic and endocrýne physiology and introductory text. 4th ed.
  • Velasco S, Ortiz LT, Alzueta C, Rebole A, Trevino J, Rodriguez ML 2010. Effect of inulin supplementation and dietary fat source on performance, blood serum metabolites, liver lipids, abdominal fat deposition, and tissue fatty acid composition in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 89, 1651-1662.
  • Villaverde C, Cortinas L, Barroeta AC, Martín-Orúe SM, Baucells, MD 2004. Relationship between dietary unsatturation and Vitamin E in poultry. J. Anim. Physiol. and Anim. Nutr. 88, 143-149.
  • Zammit VA, Waterman IJ, Topping D, McKay G 2001. Insulin stimulation of hepatic triacylglycerol secretion and the etiology of insulin resistance. J. Nutr. 131, 2074-2077.
  • Zollitsch W, Knaus W, Aichinger F, Lettner F 1997. Effects of different dietary fat sources on performance and carcass characteristics of broilers. Anim.FeedSci.Tech. 66(1-4), 63-73.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hayvansal Üretim (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ahmet Engin Tüzün 0000-0003-3493-1623

Alpönder Yıldız 0000-0002-3274-7710

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Mayıs 2020
Kabul Tarihi 24 Mayıs 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Sayı: 370

Kaynak Göster

APA Tüzün, A. E., & Yıldız, A. (2020). Etlik Piliç Karma Yemlerinde Farklı Yağ Kaynağı Kullanımının Büyüme Performansı ve Serum Lipit Konsantrasyonuna Etkisi. Ziraat Mühendisliği(370), 94-103. https://doi.org/10.33724/zm.730807