Eğitimdeki Eşitsizliğin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 18 - 24, 30.04.2019

Görkemli Kazar Rukiye Çapanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.32329/uad.550541

Cited By: 1

Öz

İnsanların çok az kontrol sahibi oldukları servet, cinsiyet, etnik köken
ve konum gibi koşulların, eğitim ve yaşam fırsatlarını şekillendirmede önemli
bir rolü vardır. Bu nedenle eşitsizlik sorunu, sadece sosyal ve ekonomik açıdan
değil eğitim açısından da önemli konulardan biri haline gelmiştir. Eğitimdeki
eşitsizliğin giderilmesi için politika yapıcılar ve uygulayıcılar eğitim ve diğer
sosyal olanakların eşit dağılımını sağlamalıdır. Toplumların sahip oldukları
sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel sermaye bileşimi eğitimle etkileşim halindedir.
Ayrıca, bilindiği gibi eğitim özellikle beşerî sermayenin geliştirilmesi
konusundaki kilit unsurlardan biridir. Beşerî sermaye birikimi engellendiğinde
meydana gelecek olan kayıplar telafi edilemez, bu yüzden nitelikli işgücüne
ulaşma açısından eğitime önem vermemiz gerekmektedir. Ancak gerek eğitimin
niteliği gerekse eğitime ulaşım açısından tüm ülkelerde eşit koşullar
sağlanamamaktadır. Bu nedenle, eğitimdeki eşitsizliğin yoğun olduğu ülkelerde
insanların sahip oldukları zekâ, yetenek, kabiliyet farklılaşmakta ve beşerî
sermayenin kalkınma ve büyüme sürecindeki etkileri sınırlandırılmaktadır.

Bu çalışmada amacımız İnsani Gelişme Endeksinde alt bir endeks olarak
hesaplanan ve eğitimin ülkede ortalama dağılımı hakkında bilgi veren Eğitim
Endeksi ile eğitimin dağılımına duyarlı olan Eşitsizlikle Uyumlandırılmış
Eğitim Endeksinin ülkeler arası karşılaştırılmasıdır. Çalışmamızda ayrıca
eğitim dağılımından kaynaklı kayıpların hangi ülke grupları için yüksek olduğu
tespit edilecek ve bu ülkelerde daha eşit bir eğitimin sağlanması için çözüm
önerileri getirilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eğitim Eşitsizliği, İnsani Gelişme Endeksi, Eşitsizlikle Uyumlandırılmış Eğitim Endeksi

Evaluation of Inequality in Education

Öz

Conditions such as wealth, gender, ethnicity, and location, of which people have little control, have an important role in
shaping education and life opportunities. Therefore, the problem of inequality has become one of the important issues
not only in terms of social and economic conditions but also in terms of education. Policymakers and practitioners
should ensure the equal distribution of education and other social means in order to overcome inequality in education
The social, economic and cultural capital composition of the societies interacts with education. Moreover, as is
known, education is one of the key elements in the development of human capital. The losses that will occur when the
accumulation of human capital is prevented cannot be compensated, so we need to give importance to education in
terms of achieving qualified labor. However, equal conditions cannot be achieved in all countries in terms of both the
quality of education and access to education. Therefore, in countries where there is a high level of inequality in education,
the intelligence, ability, and ability of people are differentiated and the effects of human capital on development and
growth process are limited.
In this study, it is aimed to compare the Education Index, which shows the average distribution of education in the
country, and the Inequality-Adjusted Education Index, which is sensitive to the distribution of education, among the
country groups. In addition, the losses due to the distribution of education will be evaluated for the country groups to
provide policy proposals for more equal education.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Education Inequality, Human Development Index, Inequality-Adjusted Education Index

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