Genç yetişkinlerde bilgisayar kullanım süresinin servikal propriosepsiyon ve denge üzerine etkileri: kesitsel çalışma

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, sağlıklı genç yetişkinlerde bilgisayar ve teknolojik cihaz kullanım süresi ile servikal propriosepsiyon ve dinamik denge performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçladı. Yöntem: 18–25 yaş aralığında, sağlıklı 125 üniversite öğrencisi ile çalışma kesitsel olarak yürütüldü. Katılımcıların yaşı, cinsiyeti, beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) ve haftalık bilgisayar ile teknolojik cihaz kullanım süreleri kaydedildi. Servikal propriosepsiyon, Servikal Eklem Pozisyon Hata Testi kullanılarak değerlendirildi ve dinamik denge Y Denge Testi ile ölçüldü. Yaş, BKİ ve bilgisayar ile teknolojik cihaz kullanımının Servikal Eklem Pozisyon Hata Testi ve Y Denge Testi üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak için çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizleri uygulandı. Cinsiyetler arasındaki farkları karşılaştırmak için bağımsız örneklemler t-testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Katılımcıların ortalama yaşı 21,46 ± 1,94 yıl olup, 99’u kadın (%79,2) ve 26’sı erkekti (%20,8). Erkeklerin beden kütle indeksi değerleri ve bilgisayar kullanım süreleri kadınlara kıyasla anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p<0,05). Servikal Eklem Pozisyon Hata Testi fleksiyon, ekstansiyon, sağ rotasyon ve sol rotasyon için oluşturulan regresyon modelleri anlamlı bulunmadı (F=0,812, 0,400, 0,869 ve 0,393; Düzeltilmiş R²=0,046, 0,036, 0,023 ve 0,007, sırasıyla). Benzer şekilde, sağ ve sol ekstremiteler için oluşturulan Y Denge Testi bileşik modelleri de anlamlı değildi (F=0,475 ve 0,574; Düzeltilmiş R²=0,040 ve 0,032, sırasıyla). Sonuç: Semptomatik sınırların altında kalan uzun süreli bilgisayar ve teknolojik cihaz kullanımı, servikal eklem pozisyon duyusunu veya dinamik denge performansını olumsuz etkilemedi. Bu bulgular, genç ve sağlıklı bireylerin adaptif nöromüsküler mekanizmalar aracılığıyla etkili proprioseptif ve postüral kontrolü sürdürebildiklerini göstermektedir. Uzun süreli ekran maruziyetine bağlı sensörimotor zorlanmayı önlemek için ergonomik eğitim, düzenli duruş düzeltme egzersizleri ve periyodik hareket molaları önerilmektedir. Semptomatik popülasyonları ve ergonomik, postüral veya psikososyal değişkenleri içeren ileri çalışmaların, uzun süreli dijital cihaz maruziyetinin çok faktörlü etkilerini açıklığa kavuşturması önerilmektedir.

Keywords

• fizyoterapi
• Bilgisayar kullanım süresi
• servikal eklem pozisyon hissi hatası
• Y denge testi
• genç yetişkinler

Association between computer and technological device usage and cervical proprioception and dynamic balance in young adults: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the duration of computer and visual display terminal (VDT) use and cervical proprioception and dynamic balance performance in healthy young adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 125 healthy university students aged 18-25 years. Participants’ age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and weekly durations of computer and technological device use were recorded. Cervical proprioception was assessed using the Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPET), and dynamic balance was measured with the Y Balance Test (YBT). Multiple linear regression and Pearson correlation analysis were performed to investigate the associations between computer and technological device usage duration, cervical joint position error, and dynamic balance performance. Results: The mean age of the participants was 21.46±1.94 years, consisting of 99 females (79.2%) and 26 males (20.8%). The regression models for CJPET flexion, extension, right rotation, and left rotation were nonsignificant (F=0.812, 0.400, 0.869, and 0.393; Adjusted R²=0.046, 0.036, 0.023, 0.007, respectively). Similarly, the YBT composite models for right and left limbs were not significant (F=0.475 and 0.574; Adjusted R²=0.040 and 0.032, respectively). In addition, Pearson correlation analysis revealed no significant associations between computer or technological device usage duration and cervical joint position error or YBT composite scores (p>0.05). Conclusion: Prolonged computer and technological device use, within non-symptomatic limits, is not associated with impaired cervical joint position sense or dynamic balance performance in healthy young adults. These findings suggest that young, healthy individuals may maintain effective proprioceptive and postural control potentially through adaptive neuromuscular mechanisms. Ergonomic education, regular posture correction, and periodic movement breaks are recommended to prevent long-term sensorimotor strain associated with sustained screen exposure. Further studies including symptomatic populations and ergonomic, postural, or psychosocial variables are recommended to clarify the multifactorial effects of prolonged digital device exposure.

Keywords

• Cervical joint position sense error
• computer usage
• physiotherapy
• Y balance test
• young adults

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