Kriz Sonrası Psikolojik Tepki Ölçeği’nin (KSPT-39) Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Öz

Doğal afetler önemli kriz yaşantılarıdır. Bu çalışmada, kriz yaşantılarının ardından bireylerin gösterdikleri psikolojik tepkileri belirlemeye yönelik olarak bir ölçme aracı geliştirilmesi, geçerlik ve güvenirliğine ilişkin kanıtlar elde edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, ilgili alanyazına dayalı olarak 56 maddelik bir madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmaya 6 Şubat Kahramanmaraş depremini doğrudan yaşayan, yaşları 18 ile 76 arasında değişen, 231 kadın, 169 erkek olmak üzere toplam 400 gönüllü birey katılım sağlamıştır. Verilerin analizinde temel bileşenler analizi, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile Pearson korelasyonu analiz teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Ölçme aracının güvenirliği ise Cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayısı hesaplamaları aracılığıyla incelenmiştir. Temel bileşenler analizi sonucunda; 7’li Likert tipine dayanan, 39 maddeden oluşan, toplam varyansın %67,17’sini açıklayan beş faktörlü yapıda olduğu bulunmuştur. Maddelerin faktör yükleri .53 ile .96 arasında değişmiştir. Uyum indeksleri χ2 /sd= 2.17, RMSEA= 0.05, CFI= 0.94 ve TLI= 0,94 olarak bulunmuştur. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçları; fizyo-davranışsal, manevi, ilişkisel, duygusal ve bilişsel tepkiler boyutlarından oluşan beş faktörlü yapıya ilişkin model uyumu değerlerinin yeterli olduğunu göstermiştir. Ölçme aracının alt boyutlarının iç tutarlılık katsayıları .83 ile .96 arasında değişmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Deprem
• Kriz
• Psikolojik Tepki
• Travma

Development of the Post-Crisis Psychological Reaction Scale (PCPR-39): Validity and Reliability Study

Abstract

Natural disasters are critical crisis experiences. The aim of this study was to develop a measurement tool for determining the psychological reactions of individuals following crisis experiences and to evaluate its validity and reliability. To achieve this, a pool of 56 items was created based on relevant literature. A total of 400 volunteers, 231 women and 169 men aged between 18 and 76, who directly experienced the February 6 Maraş earthquake, participated in the study. The data were analyzed using principal component analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis techniques. The reliability of the measurement tool was examined through Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient calculations. The principal component analysis resulted in a five-factor structure based on a 7-point Likert scale, consisting of 39 items, explaining 67.17% of the total variance. The item factor loadings ranged from .53 to .96. The fit indices for the confirmatory factor analysis were χ2 /sd= 2.17, RMSEA= 0.05, CFI= 0.94, and TLI= 0.94, indicating adequate model fit. The scale consists of five dimensions: physio-behavioral, spiritual, relational, emotional, and cognitive responses, and its structure was found to be adequat. The internal consistency coefficients of the subscales ranged from .83 to .96.

Keywords

• Crisis
• Earthquake
• Psychological Reaction
• Trauma

Kaynakça

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