İş Tutumları Arasındaki İlişkiler: Eğitim Sektöründe Bir Meta-analiz Çalışması

Year 2023, , 1115 - 1136, 24.09.2023

Ahmet Hakan Özkan , İsmail Özdemir

https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2023..-1150870

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, eğitim endüstrisinde iş tatmini, örgütsel bağlılık ve işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki karşılıklı ilişkiler, bu ilişkilerin araştırldığı çalışmalarıdan elde edilen sonuçlara dayalı olarak meta-analiz yöntemiyle analiz etmektir. İş tatmini, örgütsel bağlılık ve işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişkiyi çalışan 2.630 çalışma taranmış ve 30.550 denek olmak üzere seçilen 47 çalışma kullanılarak üç veri seti oluşturulmuştur. Araştırılan ilişkilerin yönünü bulmak için meta-analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır ve söz konusu ilişkilerin etki büyüklükleri hesaplanmıştır. En güçlü etki büyüklüğü iş tatmini ile örgütsel bağlılık arasındadır ve pozitiftir (r=.597). Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, iş tatmini ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişkide meslek ve bölge moderatör değişken olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur, örgütsel bağlılık ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişki için ise meslek çeşidi moderatör değişken olarak tespit edilmiş ve son olarak örgütsel bağlılık ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişki için ise bölge, moderatör değişken olarak tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

İşten ayrılma niyeti, iş tatmini, örgütsel bağlılık, meta-analiz

The Interrelationships Between the Job Attitudes: A Meta-analysis in the Education Industry

Abstract

The main aim of this meta-analysis was to survey the interrelationships between job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention in the education industry. 2,630 studies are screened, and three data sets are formed by using the chosen 47 studies including 30,550 subjects. Meta-analysis technique is used to find the direction of the surveyed relationships, and the effect size of the aforementioned relationships are computed. The strongest effect size is between job satisfaction and organizational commitment and it is positive (r=.597). According to the results, occupation and region are moderator variables for the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention, occupation is the moderator variable for the relationship between the organizational commitment and turnover intention, lastly, the region is the moderator variable for the relationship between organizational commitment and job satisfaction.

Keywords

Turnover intention, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, meta-analysis

References

• Alas, R. & Edwards, V. (2011). Work-related attitudes in Asia and Europe: institutional approach. Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics, 22(1), 24-31. Doi: 10.5755/j01.ee.22.1.215
• Becker, H. S. (1960). Notes on the concept of commitment. American Journal of Sociology, 66, 32–40.
• Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T. & Rothstein, H. R. (2009). Introduction to meta-analysis. Wiley. UK.
• Brough, P. & Frame, R. (2004). Predicting police job satisfaction and turnover intentions: The role of social support and police organisational variables. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 33(1), 8-18.
• Choi, S. E. & Kim, S. D. (2016). A meta-analysis of the variables related to job satisfaction among Korean nurses. Contemporary Nurse, 52(4), 462-476. Doi:10.1080/10376178.2016.1221736
• Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.
• Coomber, B. & Barriball, K. L. (2007). Impact of job satisfaction components on intent to leave and turnover for hospital-based nurses: A review of the research literature. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 44, 297–314. Doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu. 2006.02.004
• Decker, F. H., Kojetin, L. D. H. & Bercovitz, A. (2009). Intrinsic job satisfaction, overall satisfaction, and intention to leave the job among nursing assistants in nursing homes. The Gerontologist, 49(5), 596–610. Doi:10.1093/geront/gnp051
• Dickey, H., Watson, V. & Zangelidis, A. (2011). Job satisfaction and quit intentions of offshore workers in the UK North Sea Oil and Gas Industry. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 58(5). Doi:10.1111/j.1467-9485.2011.00561.x
• Freund, A. (2005). Commitment and job satisfaction as predictors of turnover intentions among welfare workers. Administration in Social Work, 29(2), 5-21. Doi:10.1300/J147v29n02_02
• Griffeth, R. W., Hom, P. W. & Gaertner, S. (2000). A meta-analysis of antecedents and correlates of employee turnover: update, moderator test, and research implications for the next millenium. Journal of Management, 26(3), 463-488. Doi:10.1016/S0149-2063(00)00043-X
• Hedges, L. V. & Olkin, I. (1985). Statistical methods for meta-analysis. Orlando, FL: Academic Press. Herzberg, F. (1966). Work and the nature of man. Cleveland, OH: World Publishing Co.
• Huang, H. (2006). Understanding culinary arts workers. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 9(2-3), 151-168. Doi:10.1300/J369v09n02_09
• Huang, T. (2011). Comparing motivating work characteristics, job satisfaction, and turnover intention of knowledge workers and blue-collar workers, and testing a structural model of the variables' relationships in China and Japan. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(4), 924-944. Doi:10.1080/09585192.2011.555134
• Humborstad, S. I. W. & Perry, C. (2011). Employee empowerment, job satisfaction and organizational commitment: An in‐depth empirical investigation. Chinese Management Studies, 5(3), 325-344, Doi:10.1108/17506141111163390
• Jones, R. J. & Sloane, P. J. (2009). Regional differences in job satisfaction. Applied Economics, 41(8), 1019-1041. Doi:10.1080/00036840601019067
• Kim, H. & Kao, D. (2014). A meta-analysis of turnover intention predictors among U.S. child welfare workers. Children and Youth Services Review, 47(3), 214-223. Doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2014.09.015
• Kokubun, K. (2017). Regional differences in the organizational commitment-rewards relationship in Vietnam. Journal of Management and Sustainability, 7(3), 22-37. Doi:10.5539/jms.v7n3p22
• Lim, T. (2010). Relationships among organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and learning organization culture in one Korean private organization. Asia Pacific Education Review, 11, 311-320. Doi:10.1007/s12564-010-9087-z
• Liu, S. & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2014). Teachers' motivation for entering the teaching profession and their job satisfaction: A cross-cultural comparison of China and other countries. Learning Environments Research, 17(1), 75-94. Doi:10.1007/s10984-013-9155-5
• Locke, E. A. (1976) The nature and causes of job satisfaction. In Dunnette, M. D., Ed., Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 1, 1297-1343.
• Masuda, A. D., Poelmans, S. A. Y., Allen, T. D., Spector, P. E., Lapierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., Abarca, N., Brough, P., Ferreiro, P., Fraile, G., Lu, L., Lu, C., Siu, Q. L., O’Driscoll, M. P., Simoni, A. S., Shima, S. & Moreno-Velazquez, I. (2012). Flexible work arrangements availability and their relationship with work-to-family conflict, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions: A comparison of three country clusters. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 61(1), 1–29. doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.2011.00453.x
• Meyer, J. P. & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resources Management Review, 1, 61–89. Doi:10.6007/IJARBSS/v6-i12/2464
• Meyer, J. P. & Herscovitch, L. (2001). Commitment in the workplace: toward a general model. Human Resources Management Review, 11, 299–326. Doi:10.1016/S1053-4822(00)00053-X
• Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. Annals of Internal Medicine, 151(4), 264–269. Doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135
• Moon, T., Hur, W., Ko, S., Kim, J., & Yoo, D. (2016). Positive work-related identity as mediator of the relationship between compassion at work and employee outcomes. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, 26(1), 84-94. Doi:10.1002/hfm.20615
• Mor Barak, M. E., Nissly, J. A., & Levin, A. (2001). Antecedents to retention and turnover among child welfare, social work, and other human service employees: What can we learn from past research? A review and meta-analysis. The Social Service Review, 75(4), 625–661. Doi:10.1086/323166
• Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 14(2), 224–247.
• Porter, L. W. & Steers, R. M. (1973). Organizational, Work, and Personal Factors in Employee Turnover and Absenteeism. Psychological Bulletin, 80, 151-176.
• Ritzer, G. & Trice, H. M (1969). An empirical study of Howard Becker's side-bet theory. Social Forces, 47, 475- 479. Doi:10.2307/2574537
• Spector, P. E., Allen, T. D., Poelmans, S. A. Y., Lapierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., O’Driscoll, M. P., Sanchez, J. I., Abarca, N., Alexandrova, M., Beham, B., Brough, P., Ferreiro, P., Fraile, G., Lu, C., Lu, L., Moreno-Velazquez, I., Pagon, M., Pitariu, H., Salamatov, V., Shima, S., Simoni, A. S., Siu, O. L., & Widerszal-Bazyl, M. (2007). Cross-national differences in relationships of work demands, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions with work-family conflict. Personnel Psychology, 60, 805-835. Doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2007.00092.x
• Tett, R. P. & Meyer, J. P. (1993). Job satisfaction, organizational commitment, turnover intention, and turnover: path analyses based on meta-analytic findings. Personnel Psychology. 46, 259–293. Doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1993.tb00874.x
• Weitz, J. (1952). A neglected concept in the study of job satisfaction. Personnel Psychology, 5(3), 201-205, Doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1952.tb01012.x
• Zangaro, G. A. & Soeken, K. L. (2007). A meta-analysis of studies of nurses’ job satisfaction. Research in Nursing & Health, 30(4), 445–58. Doi:10.1002/nur.20202