Bioutilization of Cheese Whey and Corn Steep Liqour by Heterotrophic Microalgae Crypthecodinium cohnii for Biomass and Lipid Production

Year 2017, Volume 15, Issue 3, 233 - 241, 22.10.2017

Müge Isleten-Hosoglu Murat Elibol

https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.345256

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Many different wastewater and by-products derived from industrial activities potentially support microalgal growth by providing a cost-effective and sustainable solutions. In this present study, it was aimed to biologically utilize cheese whey (CW) and corn steep liquor (CLS) for microalgal biomass and lipid production by using these wastes in culture media for heterotrophic microalga Crypthecodinium cohnii cultivation. To determine nutrient requirements for C. cohnii growing in a medium prepared with CSL and in CW, statistical screening tools were used. CSL significantly enhanced microalgal growth and it could be an alternative to yeast extract as the primary nutrient source. As for CW, it served as a good culture medium for C. cohnii with the supplement of some of nutrients and eliminated the need for fresh water. Thus, a new culture medium was developed by combining undiluted CW and CSL and optimized for the growth of C. cohnii. Lastly, in a scale-up attempt by using this new medium, microalgal production was performed in a 3 L stirred tank bioreactor. C. cohnii yielded relatively high biomass productivity (2.28 g/L.d) and lipid content (28.7% dry weight) in the optimized medium. Althoug C. cohnii was known for its ability to accumulate high amounts of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), it transformed its fatty acid composition to an increased proportion of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (C16:0-C18:1) that comprise ~70% of total fatty acids (TFA) when it was cultivated in CW mainly supplemented with CSL. Thus, C. cohnii seemed to be more feasible for biodiesel production than any other purposes when it was cultivated in this new medium.

Keywords

Crypthecodinium cohnii, Corn steep liqour, Cheese whey, Optimization, Lipid

Peyniraltı Suyu ve Mısır Islatma Şurubunun Heterotrofik Mikroalg Crypthecodinium cohnii ile Biyokütle ve Yağ Üretimi Amacıyla Biyolojik Olarak Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Endüstriyel faaliyetlerden elde edilen birçok farklı atık su ve yan ürünler maliyet-etkin ve sürdürülebilir mikroalg kültüvasyonu için potansiyel kaynaklardır. Mevcut çalışmada, heterotrofik mikroalg Crypthecodinium cohnii kültüvasyonu için kültür besiyerinde peynir altı suyu (CW) ve mısır ıslatma şurubu (CSL) kullanılarak, bu atıkların mikroalgal biyokütle ve yağ üretimi amacıyla biyolojik olarak değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Organizmanın, her iki ortamdaki (CW ve CSL) besin ihtiyaçlarını belirlemek amacıyla istatistiksel tarama metodları kullanılmıştır. CSL’nin C. cohnii biyokütle gelişimini olumlu yönde desteklediği ve organizmanın kültür ortamında kullanılan maya ekstraktının alternatifi olarak kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir. Peyniraltı suyunun ise, organizma için gerekli mineraller açısından önemli bir kaynak olduğu ve CW’in doğrudan kullanımıyla kültür ortamındaki su ihtiyacını karşılama avantajına sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu şekilde C. cohnii kültüvasyonunda kullanılacak yeni

kültür ortamı seyreltilmemiş CW ve CSL’nin birlikte kullanımı ile geliştirilmiştir ve optimizasyonu yapılmıştır. Son olarak, yapılan ölçek büyütme çalışmalarında yeni kültür ortamı kullanılarak 3 L’lik karıştırmalı tank biyoreaktörde üretimler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Optimizasyonu yapılan kültür ortamında kısmen yüksek biyokütle verimliliği (2.28 g/L.gün) ve yağ oranı (% 28.7 kuru ağırlık) sağlanmıştır. C. cohnii biyokütlede son derece yüksek oranlarda dokozahekzanoik asit (DHA) üreticisi bir tür olarak bilinmesine rağmen, CSL ile zenginleştirilmiş CW ortamında biyokütlesindeki yağ asidi kompozisyonunu değiştirerek, daha çok tekli doymuş ve tekli doymamış yağ asitlerincee (C16:0-C18:1) zengin bir yağ profiline (toplam yağ asidi kompozisyonunun ~70%’i) sahip olduğu saptanmıştır.  Buna göre, endüstriyel atıkların değerlendirildiği bu kültür ortamında yetiştirilen C. cohnii’nin biyodizel üretimi için uygun bir kaynak olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

Crypthecodinium cohnii, Mısır ıslatma şurubu, Peynir altı suyu, Optimizasyon, Yağ

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