Prediction of Bioactive Properties of Walnut Green Husks Using FT-IR Spectroscopy

Year 2018, Volume 16, Issue 1, 20 - 26, 23.04.2018

Pınar KADİROĞLU Halil EKİCİ

https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.415643

Abstract

Walnut is a widely consumed, nutritive and healthy crop in the world. China, the US, and Iran are the leading countries of walnut production, and Turkey is among the main producers ranking fourth with 180.000 tons of production rate. Walnut green husk is a valuable agricultural by-product that is commonly used in traditional medicine for alleviating pain and treating skin diseases related to its antioxidant properties and health benefits. This study aimed to find the effect of solvent type on extraction of bioactive compounds and to predict the extraction effects in rapid and reliable method such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Solvent efficiency was evaluated using different polarity solvents such as water, methanol, ethanol, acetone and aqueous solutions of methanol, ethanol and acetone for the extraction of walnut green husks. Analysis of variance results revealed that there was a significant difference among the total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of different extracts. Antimicrobial activity analysis demonstrated that water extracts showed higher activity against Staphylococcus aureus. According to the results of partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis to predict the total phenol content and antioxidant capacity of extracts, R² values of calibration and cross validation models were higher than 97% with root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) and root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) values ranging from 3.03 to 5.35. It can be concluded that PLS models had high predictive capability.

Keywords

Green walnut husks, Extraction, Infrared spectroscopy, Chemometrics

Yeşil Ceviz Kabuklarının Biyoaktif Özelliklerinin FT-IR Spektroskopi Yöntemiyle Tahmin Edilmesi

Abstract

Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) sağlık ve beslenme açısından çok değerli yağlı tohumlardan biridir. Dünya ceviz üretiminde ilk sıralarda yer alan ülkelerden Çin, İran ve ABD’den sonra 180.000 tonluk üretimiyle Türkiye gelmektedir. Ceviz zengin besleyici öğelere sahip olmakla birlikte sağlık üzerine faydalı özellikleri bakımından da önemi artarak anlaşılan bir üründür. Cevizin iç kısmının önemi bilinmekle birlikte ceviz kabuğu genellikle atılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı çözgenler kullanılarak kurutulmuş yeşil ceviz kabuklarından ekstraktlar elde edilmesi ve bu ekstraktların biyoaktif, antimikrobiyal özelliklerinin ve antioksidan kapasitesinin belirlenerek Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi (FT-IR)  spektroskopisi ile tahmin edilmesidir. Farklı ekstraktların toplam fenolik madde ve antioksidan aktiviteleri arasında istatistiksel açıdan önemli bir farklılık bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Antimikrobiyal analiz sonuçlarına göre ceviz kabuklarının sulu ekstraktları Staphylococcus aureus bakterisi üzerine etkinliği daha fazla bulunmuştur. FT-IR spektral verinin kısmi en küçük kareler (PLS) regresyon analizi sonucunda elde edilen tahmini ve ölçülen toplam fenolik madde ve antioksidan aktivite değerlerinin açıklama (belirtme) katsayısı >%97, kalibrasyon ve çapraz geçerlilik hatalarının ortalama karekökü değerleri 3.03 ile 5.35 aralığında bulunmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular PLS analizi ile oluşturulan modellerin iyi tahmin etme kapasitesine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

Yeşil ceviz kabuğu, Ekstraksiyon, İnfrared spektroskopi, Kemometri

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