Effect of Ultrasound Pretreatment on the Retention of Loquat Phenolics and Antioxidants during Tray and Freeze-Drying

Year 2024, Volume: 22 Issue: 2, 78 - 85, 04.09.2024

Manolya Eser Öner , Gülay Özkan , İlayda Doğan Tuba Esatbeyoglu , Esra Çapanoğlu Güven

https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.1543478

Abstract

In this study, the effect of ultrasound (US) pretreatment (600W for 30 min) prior to tray drying (TD) (461°C at 1.10 m/s) and freeze drying (FD) (-58C at 0.001 mbar) on the quality characteristics of loquat cubes was investigated. US pretreatment in TD demonstrated a significant decrease in drying time (19.67%) and an increase in drying rates (22.23%, p<0.05). With US pretreatment, the effective moisture diffusivity increased from 7.83x10-9 to 8.92x10-9 m2/s in TD. The highest rehydration capacity (4.47±0.23 g/g) was found in FD samples with US. In comparison to TD and control samples, FD samples had higher phenolic contents. US pretreatment significantly reduced phenolic contents from 1551.19±142.12 to 1197.03±80.51 mg GAE/100g and from 770.12±125.93 to 374.78±71.95 mg GAE/100g for FD and TD, respectively (p<0.05). The antioxidant capacity of loquat cubes significantly decreased with TD compared to FD (p<0.05). Results indicated that FD is a viable option for drying loquat cubes with a low moisture content, high rehydration capacity, and enhanced phenolic content and antioxidant activity.

Keywords

Eriobotrya japonica, Drying rate, Quality, Freeze drying, Rehydration capacity

Ultrases Önişleminin Malta Eriğinin Tepsili ve Dondurarak Kurutulması Sırasında Fenolik ve Antioksidanların Muhafazasına Etkisi

Abstract

Tepsili kurutma (TK) (461°C, 1.10 m/s) ve dondurarak kurutma (DK) (-58C, 0.001mbar) yöntemleri öncesi uygulanan ultrases (US) (600W, 30 min) tekniğinin kurutulmuş yenidünya (Malta eriği) küplerinin kalitesine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Ultrases önişlem uygulaması ile T kurutma zamanında anlamlı düşme (19.67%) ve kurutma hızında anlamlı yükselme (22.23%, p<0.05) belirlenmiştir. Ultrases uygulaması ile TK yönteminde etkin difüzyon katsayısı 7.83x10-9’dan 8.92x10-9 m2/s’a yükselmiştir. En yüksek rehidrasyon kapasitesi 4.47±0.23 g/g ile US uygulaması sonrası DK yöntemiyle kurutulan örneklerde gözlemlenmiştir. DK ile kurutulan örneklerdeki fenolik madde miktarı TK ile kurutulan örneklere oranla yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ultrases önişlemi fenolik madde miktarını DK ile kurutulan örneklerde 1551.19±142.12’den 1197.03±80.51’e mg GAE/100g, TK ile kurutulan örneklerde de 770.12±125.93’ten 374.78±71.95’e mg GAE/100g azaltmıştır (p<0.05). Dondurarak kurutma işlemi ile karşılaştırıldığında, TK işlemi uygulanan yenidünya küplerinin antioksidan kapasiteside anlamlı düşüş gözlemlenmiştir (p<0.05). Yapılan çalışmanın sonucuna göre düşük nem oranı, yüksek rehidrasyon kapasitesi, yüksek fenolik madde miktarı ve antioksidan kapasitesi ile yenidünya küplerine DK tekniğinin uygulanabilir bir opsiyon olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Eriobotrya japonica, Kurutma hızı, Kalite, Dondurarak kurutma, Rehidrasyon kapasitesi

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