Türkiye’de Folik Asit Perikonsepsiyonel Olarak Kullanılmalı Mıdır?

Ayşe Avşar; Serdar Kaya; Başak Kaya

Review

Türkiye’de Folik Asit Perikonsepsiyonel Olarak Kullanılmalı Mıdır?

Year 2012, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 188 - 194, 01.04.2012

Ayşe Avşar Serdar Kaya Başak Kaya

Abstract

Özet:

Gebelikte folat eksikliği ile nöral tüp defektleri (NTD) ve bazı konjenital anomaliler arasında ilişki kuran birçok çalışma mevcuttur. Nöral tüp defektlerinin önlenmesinde folik asit proflaksisin ne şekilde yapılacağı literatürde yaygın tartışmalara konu olmuştur. Bu derlememizde, gebelikte folik asit kullanımını güncel literatürler ışığında irdelemeyi amaçladık.

Keywords

Folat, gebelik, nöral tüp defekti

References

1. Eskes T.From anemia to spina bifida-the story of folic acid. A tribute to Professor Richard Smithells.Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2000;90(2):119-23
2. Reynolds EH. Folic acid, ageing, depression and dementia. BMJ 2002;324(7352):1512-5
3. Ford ES, Byers TE, Giles WH.Serum folate and chronic disease risk: findings from a cohort of United States adults.Int J Epidemiol 1998;27(4):592-8
4. Wagner C. Biochemical role of folate in cellular metabolism. In:Bailey LB,ed. Folate in health and disease. Newyork, NY:Marcel Dekker,1995:23-42
5. Tamura T, Picciano MF. Folate and human reproduction. Am J Clin Nutr 2006;83(5):993-1016
6. Pitkin RM. Folate and neural tube defects. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85(1):285-8
7. Selhub J, Jacques PF, Wilson PWF, Rush D, Rosenberg IH. Vitamin status and intake as primary determinants of homocysteinemia in an elderyl population. JAMA 1993;270(22):2693-8
8. Butterworth CE Jr, Baugh CM, Krumdieck CL. A study of folate absorption in man utilizing carbon-14-labeled polyglutamate synthesized by the solid phase method. J Clin Invest 1969:48(6);1131-42
9. Krishnaswamy K, Nair KM. Importance of folate in human nutrition. Br J Nutr 2001;85(2):115-24
10. Tunçbilek E, Boduroğlu K, Alikaşifoğlu M. Neural tube defects in Turkey: prevalence, distribution and risk factors. Turk J Pediatr 1999;41(3):299-305
11. Boyles AB, Billups AV, Deak KL, Siegel DG, Mehltretter L, Slifer SH, et al. Neural tube defect and folate pathway genes:family-based association tests of gene-gene and gene-enviroment interactions. Environ Health Perspect 2006;114(10):1547-52
12. Green-Raleigh K, Carter H, Mulinare J, Prue C, Petrini J.Trends in folic acid awareness and behavior in the United States:The Gallup Organization fort he March of Dimes Foundation Surveys, 1995-2005. Matern Child Health J 2006;10(5):177-82
13. Honein MA, Paulozzi LJ, Mathews TJ, Erickson JD, Wong LY. Impact of folic acid fortification of the US food supply on the occurrence of neural tube defects. JAMA 2001;285(23):2981-6
14. Pacheco SS, Braga C, Souza AI, Figueiroa JN. Effects of folic acid fortification on tha prevalence of neural tube defects. Rev Saude Publica 2009;43(4):565-71
15. McLone DG. The etiology of neural tube defects: the role of folic acid. Child Nerv Syst 2003;19(7-8):537-9
16. Blencowe H, Cousens S, Modell B, Lawn J. Folic acid to reduce neonatal mortality from neural tube disorders. Int J Epidemiol 2010;39(1):i110-21
17. Aydınlı K, Çağdaş A, Kayserili H, Kuseyri F, Tükel T, Eriş H, Apak MY. Prekonsepsiyonel folik asit ve multivitamin tedavisinin nonsendromik nöral tüp defektlerinin yineleme riski üzerine etkisi. T Klin J Gynecol Obst 1999;9(3):183-9
18. McPartlin J, Halligan A, Scott JM, Darling M, Weir DG. Accelerated folate breakdown in pregnancy. Lancet 1993;341(8838):148-9
19. Caudill MA, Gregory JF III, Hutson AD, Bailey LB. Folate catabolism in pregnant and nonpregnant women with controlled folate intakes. J Nutr 1998;128(2):204-8
20. Gregory JF III, Caudill MA, Opalko J, Bailey LB. Kinetics of folate turnover in pregnant women (second trimester) and nonpregnant controls during folic acid supplementation: stable-isotopic labeling of plasma folate, urinary folate and folate catabolites shows subtle effects of pregnancy on turnover of folate pools. J Nutr 2001;131(7):1928-37
21. Bruinse HW, van den Berg H. Changes of some vitamin levels during and after normal pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1995;61(1):31-7b
22. Baker H, Frank O, Deangelis B, Feingold S, Kaminetzky HA. Role of placenta in maternal-fetal vitamin transfer in humans. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1981;141(7):792-6
23. Eichner ER, Pierce HI, Hillman RS. Folate balance in dietary-induced megaloblastic anemia. N Engl J Med 1971;284(17):933-8
24. Smithells RW, Sheppard S, Schorah CJ. Vitamin deficiencies and neural tube defects. Arch Dis Childh 1976;51:944-50
25. Seller MJ, Nevin C. Periconceptional vitamin supplementation and the prevention of neural tube defects in South-East England and Northern Ireland. J Med Genet 1984;21(5):325-30
26. Mulinare J, Cordero JF, Erickson JD, Berry RJ. Periconceptional use of multivitamins and the occurrence of neural tube defects. JAMA 1988;260(21):3141-5
27. Bower C, Stanley FJ. Dietary folate as a risk factor for neural-tube defects: evidence from a case-control study in Western Australia. Med J Aust 1989;150(11):613-9
28. Werler MM, Shapiro S, Mitchell AA. Periconceptional folic acid exposure and risk of occurrent neural tube defects. JAMA 1993;269(10):1257-61
29. Shaw GM, Schaffer D, Verlie EM, Morland K, Harris JA. Periconceptional vitamin use, dietary folate and the occurrence of neural tube defects. Epidemiology 1995;6(3):219-26
30. Berry RJ, Li Z, Erickson DJ, Li S, Moare CA, Wang H et all. Prevention of neural tube defects with folic acid in China. China-U.S Collaborative Project for Neural Tube Defect Prevention. N Engl J Med 1999;341(20):1485-90
31. Mills JL, Rhoadas GG, Simpson JL, Cunnigham GC, Conley MR, Lassman MR, Walden ME et all. The abscence as a relation between the periconceptional use of vitamins and neural tube defects. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neural Tube Defects Study Group. N Engl J Med 1989;321(7):430
32. MRC Vitamin Study Research Group. Prevention of neural tube defects: results of the Medical Research Council Vitamin Study. Lancet 1991:338(8760);131-7
33. Abramsky L, Botting B, Chapple J, Stone D. Has advice on periconceptional folate supplementation reduced neural tube defects? Lancet 1999;354(9183):998-9
34. Kallen BA, Olausson PO. Use of folic acid and delivery outcome: a prospective registry study. Reprod Toxicol 2002;16(4):327-32
35. Czeizel AE, Dobo M, Vargha P. Hungarian cohort-controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation shows a reduction in certain congenital abnormalities. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 2004;70(11):853-61
36. Goh YI, Bollano E, Einarson TR, Koren G. Prenatal multivitamin supplementation and rates of congenital anomalies: a meta-analysis. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2006;28(8):680-9
37. National Academy of Sciences (1998) Dietary references intakes: thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin and choline. A report of the Standing Committee on the Scientific evaluation of dietary reference intakes and its panel on folate, other B-vitamins and choline and sub-committee on upper reference levels in nutrients, pp. 196-305. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Washington DC: National Academy Press
38. Hook EB, Czeizel AE. Can terathanasia explain the protective effect of folic acid supplementation on birth defects? Lancet 1997;350():513-5
39. Botto LD, Lisi A, Robert-Gnansia E, et all. International retrospective cohort study of neural tube defects in relation to folic acid recommendations: are the recommendations working? BMJ 2005;330(7491):571
40. Busby A, Abramsky L, Dolk H, Armstrong B; Eurocat Folic Acid Working Group. Preventing neural tube defects in Europe:population based study. BMJ 2005;330(7491):574- 5
41. Food and Nutrition Board , National Research Council. Maternal nutrition and the course of pregnancy. Washington DC: National Academy of Sciences 1970
42. Center for Disease Control. Use of folic acid for prevention of spina bifida and other neural tube defects-1983-1991. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1991;40(30):513-6
43. Center for Disease Control. Recommendations for the use of folic acid to reduce the number of case of spina bifida and other neural tube defects. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1992;41(14):1-7
44. Cheischer N; ACOG practice bulletin. Neural tube defects. Number 44, July 2003 Int J Obstet Gynaecol 2003;83(1):123-33
45. Wolff T, Witkop CT, Miller T, Shamsuzzoha BS. Folic acid supplementation fort he prevention of neural tube defect: An update of the evidence for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Inter Med 2009;150(9):632-9
46. Ray JG. Folic acid food fortification in Canada. Nutr Rev 2004;62():35-9
47. Hertrampf E, Cortes F. Folic acid fortification of wheat flour: Chile. Nutr Rev 2004;62():44-8
48. Choumenkovitch SF, Selhub J, Wilson PWF, Rader JI, Rosenberg IH, Jacques PF. Folic acid intake from fortification in United States exceeds predictions. J Nutr 2002;132():2792-8
49. Liu S,West R, Randell E, Longerich L, O’Connor KS, Scott H, et all. A comprehensive evalution of food fortification with folic acid fort he primary prevention of neural tube defects. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2004;4(1):20
50. Kim YI. Will mandatory folic acid fortification prevent or promote cancer? Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80(5):1123-8
51. Öner N, Vatansever Ü, Karasalihoğlu S, Ekuklu G, Çeltik C, Biner B. The prevalence of folic acid deficiency among adolescent girls living in Edirne,Turkey. J Adolesc Health 2006;38(5):599-606
52. Tunçbilek E, Temel E, Özalp İ, Teziç T, Köse R, Üstündağ M, Haznedaroğlu D, Kaptan H (2002) Genetic diseases. Handbook for health personel. TC Ministry of Health General Directory of Health Project, T.R. Ministry of Health General Directorate of Mother and Child Health and Family Planning, Ankara
53. Baykan Z, Öztürk A, Poyrazoğlu S, Gün İ. Awareness, knowledge, and use of folic acid among women: a study from Turkey. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010 DOI 10.1007/ s00404-010-1547-5
54. Mignini LE, Latthe PM, Villar J, Kilby MD, Carroli G, Khan KS. Mapping the theories of preeclampsia: the role of homocysteine. Obstet Gynecol 2005;105(2):411-25
55. Ray JG, Mamdani MM. Association between folic acid food fortification and hypertension or preeclampsia in pregnancy. Arch Intern Med 2002;162(15):1776-7
56. Martin RH, Harper TA, Kelso W. Serum-folic acid in recurrent abortions. Lancet 1965;1(7387):670-2
57. Gindler J, Li Z, Berry RJ, et all. Folic acid supplements during pregnancy and risk of miscarriage. Lancet 2001;358(9284):796-800
58. Czeizel AE, Dudas I, Metneki J. Pregnancy outcomes in a randomised controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation. Final report. Arch Gynecol Obstet 1994;255(3):131-9
59. Ray JG, Meier C, Vermeulen MJ, Cole DEC, Wyatt PR. Prevalence of trisomy 21 following folic acid food fortification. Am J Med Genet 2003;120A(3):309-13
60. Botto LD, Mulinare J, Yang Q, Liu Y, Erickson JD. Autosomal trisomy and maternal use of multivitamin supplements. Am J Med Genet 2004;125A(2):113-6
61. Koren G, Goh I. Increasing folate supplementation for selected groups of Canadian women. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2007;29(12):992-6
62. Morris MS, Jacques PF, Rosenberg IH, Selhub J. Folates and vitamin B12 status in relation to anemia, macrocytosis and cognitive impairment in older Americans in the age of folic acid fortification. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85(1):193-200
63. Eichholzer M, Tonz O, Zimmermann R. Folic acid: a publichealth challenge. Lancet 2006;367(9519):1352-61

Should Folic Acid Be Used Periconceptionally in Turkey?

Year 2012, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 188 - 194, 01.04.2012

Ayşe Avşar Serdar Kaya Başak Kaya

Abstract

Many studies relate folate deficiency during pregnancy
with neural tube defects and congenital disorders. How folic acid prophylaxis should be carried out has been a contentious topic in the literature. In this review, we aimed to
examine folic acid use according to current literature.

Keywords

Folate, pregnancy, neural tube defect.

References

1. Eskes T.From anemia to spina bifida-the story of folic acid. A tribute to Professor Richard Smithells.Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2000;90(2):119-23
2. Reynolds EH. Folic acid, ageing, depression and dementia. BMJ 2002;324(7352):1512-5
3. Ford ES, Byers TE, Giles WH.Serum folate and chronic disease risk: findings from a cohort of United States adults.Int J Epidemiol 1998;27(4):592-8
4. Wagner C. Biochemical role of folate in cellular metabolism. In:Bailey LB,ed. Folate in health and disease. Newyork, NY:Marcel Dekker,1995:23-42
5. Tamura T, Picciano MF. Folate and human reproduction. Am J Clin Nutr 2006;83(5):993-1016
6. Pitkin RM. Folate and neural tube defects. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85(1):285-8
7. Selhub J, Jacques PF, Wilson PWF, Rush D, Rosenberg IH. Vitamin status and intake as primary determinants of homocysteinemia in an elderyl population. JAMA 1993;270(22):2693-8
8. Butterworth CE Jr, Baugh CM, Krumdieck CL. A study of folate absorption in man utilizing carbon-14-labeled polyglutamate synthesized by the solid phase method. J Clin Invest 1969:48(6);1131-42
9. Krishnaswamy K, Nair KM. Importance of folate in human nutrition. Br J Nutr 2001;85(2):115-24
10. Tunçbilek E, Boduroğlu K, Alikaşifoğlu M. Neural tube defects in Turkey: prevalence, distribution and risk factors. Turk J Pediatr 1999;41(3):299-305
11. Boyles AB, Billups AV, Deak KL, Siegel DG, Mehltretter L, Slifer SH, et al. Neural tube defect and folate pathway genes:family-based association tests of gene-gene and gene-enviroment interactions. Environ Health Perspect 2006;114(10):1547-52
12. Green-Raleigh K, Carter H, Mulinare J, Prue C, Petrini J.Trends in folic acid awareness and behavior in the United States:The Gallup Organization fort he March of Dimes Foundation Surveys, 1995-2005. Matern Child Health J 2006;10(5):177-82
13. Honein MA, Paulozzi LJ, Mathews TJ, Erickson JD, Wong LY. Impact of folic acid fortification of the US food supply on the occurrence of neural tube defects. JAMA 2001;285(23):2981-6
14. Pacheco SS, Braga C, Souza AI, Figueiroa JN. Effects of folic acid fortification on tha prevalence of neural tube defects. Rev Saude Publica 2009;43(4):565-71
15. McLone DG. The etiology of neural tube defects: the role of folic acid. Child Nerv Syst 2003;19(7-8):537-9
16. Blencowe H, Cousens S, Modell B, Lawn J. Folic acid to reduce neonatal mortality from neural tube disorders. Int J Epidemiol 2010;39(1):i110-21
17. Aydınlı K, Çağdaş A, Kayserili H, Kuseyri F, Tükel T, Eriş H, Apak MY. Prekonsepsiyonel folik asit ve multivitamin tedavisinin nonsendromik nöral tüp defektlerinin yineleme riski üzerine etkisi. T Klin J Gynecol Obst 1999;9(3):183-9
18. McPartlin J, Halligan A, Scott JM, Darling M, Weir DG. Accelerated folate breakdown in pregnancy. Lancet 1993;341(8838):148-9
19. Caudill MA, Gregory JF III, Hutson AD, Bailey LB. Folate catabolism in pregnant and nonpregnant women with controlled folate intakes. J Nutr 1998;128(2):204-8
20. Gregory JF III, Caudill MA, Opalko J, Bailey LB. Kinetics of folate turnover in pregnant women (second trimester) and nonpregnant controls during folic acid supplementation: stable-isotopic labeling of plasma folate, urinary folate and folate catabolites shows subtle effects of pregnancy on turnover of folate pools. J Nutr 2001;131(7):1928-37
21. Bruinse HW, van den Berg H. Changes of some vitamin levels during and after normal pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1995;61(1):31-7b
22. Baker H, Frank O, Deangelis B, Feingold S, Kaminetzky HA. Role of placenta in maternal-fetal vitamin transfer in humans. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1981;141(7):792-6
23. Eichner ER, Pierce HI, Hillman RS. Folate balance in dietary-induced megaloblastic anemia. N Engl J Med 1971;284(17):933-8
24. Smithells RW, Sheppard S, Schorah CJ. Vitamin deficiencies and neural tube defects. Arch Dis Childh 1976;51:944-50
25. Seller MJ, Nevin C. Periconceptional vitamin supplementation and the prevention of neural tube defects in South-East England and Northern Ireland. J Med Genet 1984;21(5):325-30
26. Mulinare J, Cordero JF, Erickson JD, Berry RJ. Periconceptional use of multivitamins and the occurrence of neural tube defects. JAMA 1988;260(21):3141-5
27. Bower C, Stanley FJ. Dietary folate as a risk factor for neural-tube defects: evidence from a case-control study in Western Australia. Med J Aust 1989;150(11):613-9
28. Werler MM, Shapiro S, Mitchell AA. Periconceptional folic acid exposure and risk of occurrent neural tube defects. JAMA 1993;269(10):1257-61
29. Shaw GM, Schaffer D, Verlie EM, Morland K, Harris JA. Periconceptional vitamin use, dietary folate and the occurrence of neural tube defects. Epidemiology 1995;6(3):219-26
30. Berry RJ, Li Z, Erickson DJ, Li S, Moare CA, Wang H et all. Prevention of neural tube defects with folic acid in China. China-U.S Collaborative Project for Neural Tube Defect Prevention. N Engl J Med 1999;341(20):1485-90
31. Mills JL, Rhoadas GG, Simpson JL, Cunnigham GC, Conley MR, Lassman MR, Walden ME et all. The abscence as a relation between the periconceptional use of vitamins and neural tube defects. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neural Tube Defects Study Group. N Engl J Med 1989;321(7):430
32. MRC Vitamin Study Research Group. Prevention of neural tube defects: results of the Medical Research Council Vitamin Study. Lancet 1991:338(8760);131-7
33. Abramsky L, Botting B, Chapple J, Stone D. Has advice on periconceptional folate supplementation reduced neural tube defects? Lancet 1999;354(9183):998-9
34. Kallen BA, Olausson PO. Use of folic acid and delivery outcome: a prospective registry study. Reprod Toxicol 2002;16(4):327-32
35. Czeizel AE, Dobo M, Vargha P. Hungarian cohort-controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation shows a reduction in certain congenital abnormalities. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 2004;70(11):853-61
36. Goh YI, Bollano E, Einarson TR, Koren G. Prenatal multivitamin supplementation and rates of congenital anomalies: a meta-analysis. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2006;28(8):680-9
37. National Academy of Sciences (1998) Dietary references intakes: thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin and choline. A report of the Standing Committee on the Scientific evaluation of dietary reference intakes and its panel on folate, other B-vitamins and choline and sub-committee on upper reference levels in nutrients, pp. 196-305. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Washington DC: National Academy Press
38. Hook EB, Czeizel AE. Can terathanasia explain the protective effect of folic acid supplementation on birth defects? Lancet 1997;350():513-5
39. Botto LD, Lisi A, Robert-Gnansia E, et all. International retrospective cohort study of neural tube defects in relation to folic acid recommendations: are the recommendations working? BMJ 2005;330(7491):571
40. Busby A, Abramsky L, Dolk H, Armstrong B; Eurocat Folic Acid Working Group. Preventing neural tube defects in Europe:population based study. BMJ 2005;330(7491):574- 5
41. Food and Nutrition Board , National Research Council. Maternal nutrition and the course of pregnancy. Washington DC: National Academy of Sciences 1970
42. Center for Disease Control. Use of folic acid for prevention of spina bifida and other neural tube defects-1983-1991. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1991;40(30):513-6
43. Center for Disease Control. Recommendations for the use of folic acid to reduce the number of case of spina bifida and other neural tube defects. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1992;41(14):1-7
44. Cheischer N; ACOG practice bulletin. Neural tube defects. Number 44, July 2003 Int J Obstet Gynaecol 2003;83(1):123-33
45. Wolff T, Witkop CT, Miller T, Shamsuzzoha BS. Folic acid supplementation fort he prevention of neural tube defect: An update of the evidence for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Inter Med 2009;150(9):632-9
46. Ray JG. Folic acid food fortification in Canada. Nutr Rev 2004;62():35-9
47. Hertrampf E, Cortes F. Folic acid fortification of wheat flour: Chile. Nutr Rev 2004;62():44-8
48. Choumenkovitch SF, Selhub J, Wilson PWF, Rader JI, Rosenberg IH, Jacques PF. Folic acid intake from fortification in United States exceeds predictions. J Nutr 2002;132():2792-8
49. Liu S,West R, Randell E, Longerich L, O’Connor KS, Scott H, et all. A comprehensive evalution of food fortification with folic acid fort he primary prevention of neural tube defects. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2004;4(1):20
50. Kim YI. Will mandatory folic acid fortification prevent or promote cancer? Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80(5):1123-8
51. Öner N, Vatansever Ü, Karasalihoğlu S, Ekuklu G, Çeltik C, Biner B. The prevalence of folic acid deficiency among adolescent girls living in Edirne,Turkey. J Adolesc Health 2006;38(5):599-606
52. Tunçbilek E, Temel E, Özalp İ, Teziç T, Köse R, Üstündağ M, Haznedaroğlu D, Kaptan H (2002) Genetic diseases. Handbook for health personel. TC Ministry of Health General Directory of Health Project, T.R. Ministry of Health General Directorate of Mother and Child Health and Family Planning, Ankara
53. Baykan Z, Öztürk A, Poyrazoğlu S, Gün İ. Awareness, knowledge, and use of folic acid among women: a study from Turkey. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010 DOI 10.1007/ s00404-010-1547-5
54. Mignini LE, Latthe PM, Villar J, Kilby MD, Carroli G, Khan KS. Mapping the theories of preeclampsia: the role of homocysteine. Obstet Gynecol 2005;105(2):411-25
55. Ray JG, Mamdani MM. Association between folic acid food fortification and hypertension or preeclampsia in pregnancy. Arch Intern Med 2002;162(15):1776-7
56. Martin RH, Harper TA, Kelso W. Serum-folic acid in recurrent abortions. Lancet 1965;1(7387):670-2
57. Gindler J, Li Z, Berry RJ, et all. Folic acid supplements during pregnancy and risk of miscarriage. Lancet 2001;358(9284):796-800
58. Czeizel AE, Dudas I, Metneki J. Pregnancy outcomes in a randomised controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation. Final report. Arch Gynecol Obstet 1994;255(3):131-9
59. Ray JG, Meier C, Vermeulen MJ, Cole DEC, Wyatt PR. Prevalence of trisomy 21 following folic acid food fortification. Am J Med Genet 2003;120A(3):309-13
60. Botto LD, Mulinare J, Yang Q, Liu Y, Erickson JD. Autosomal trisomy and maternal use of multivitamin supplements. Am J Med Genet 2004;125A(2):113-6
61. Koren G, Goh I. Increasing folate supplementation for selected groups of Canadian women. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2007;29(12):992-6
62. Morris MS, Jacques PF, Rosenberg IH, Selhub J. Folates and vitamin B12 status in relation to anemia, macrocytosis and cognitive impairment in older Americans in the age of folic acid fortification. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85(1):193-200
63. Eichholzer M, Tonz O, Zimmermann R. Folic acid: a publichealth challenge. Lancet 2006;367(9519):1352-61

There are 63 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Journal Section	Reviews
Authors	Ayşe Avşar This is me Serdar Kaya This is me Başak Kaya This is me
Publication Date	April 1, 2012
Published in Issue	Year 2012 Volume: 12 Issue: 4

Cite

APA	Avşar, A., Kaya, S., & Kaya, B. (2012). Türkiye’de Folik Asit Perikonsepsiyonel Olarak Kullanılmalı Mıdır?. Ankara Medical Journal, 12(4), 188-194.
AMA	Avşar A, Kaya S, Kaya B. Türkiye’de Folik Asit Perikonsepsiyonel Olarak Kullanılmalı Mıdır?. Ankara Med J. April 2012;12(4):188-194.
Chicago	Avşar, Ayşe, Serdar Kaya, and Başak Kaya. “Türkiye’de Folik Asit Perikonsepsiyonel Olarak Kullanılmalı Mıdır?”. Ankara Medical Journal 12, no. 4 (April 2012): 188-94.
EndNote	Avşar A, Kaya S, Kaya B (April 1, 2012) Türkiye’de Folik Asit Perikonsepsiyonel Olarak Kullanılmalı Mıdır?. Ankara Medical Journal 12 4 188–194.
IEEE	A. Avşar, S. Kaya, and B. Kaya, “Türkiye’de Folik Asit Perikonsepsiyonel Olarak Kullanılmalı Mıdır?”, Ankara Med J, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 188–194, 2012.
ISNAD	Avşar, Ayşe et al. “Türkiye’de Folik Asit Perikonsepsiyonel Olarak Kullanılmalı Mıdır?”. Ankara Medical Journal 12/4 (April 2012), 188-194.
JAMA	Avşar A, Kaya S, Kaya B. Türkiye’de Folik Asit Perikonsepsiyonel Olarak Kullanılmalı Mıdır?. Ankara Med J. 2012;12:188–194.
MLA	Avşar, Ayşe et al. “Türkiye’de Folik Asit Perikonsepsiyonel Olarak Kullanılmalı Mıdır?”. Ankara Medical Journal, vol. 12, no. 4, 2012, pp. 188-94.
Vancouver	Avşar A, Kaya S, Kaya B. Türkiye’de Folik Asit Perikonsepsiyonel Olarak Kullanılmalı Mıdır?. Ankara Med J. 2012;12(4):188-94.

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