Gençlik ve Spor İl Müdürlüğü Personelinin Duygusal Emek Düzeyleri ve Psikolojik Sermaye Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada son zamanlarda üzerinde sıklıkla durulan duygusal emek ve psikolojik sermaye konusu ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, Gençlik ve Spor İl Müdürlüklerinde çalışanların duygusal emek düzeyleri ve psikolojik sermaye arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Ayrıca katılımcıların demografik değişkenleri ile psikolojik sermaye ve duygusal emek alt boyutları arasında anlamlı ilişki olup olmadığını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmaya, kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile Gençlik ve Spor il Müdürlüklerinde görev yapan 131 erkek 77 bayan olmak üzere toplam 208 kişi katılım sağlamıştır. Veriler anket tekniği kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 26.0 programında frekans, ortalama, ANOVA, korelasyon ve regresyon analizi yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Duygusal Emek
• Psikolojik Sermaye
• Gençlik ve Spor

Investigation of the Relationship Between Emotional Labor Levels and Psychological Capital of Youth and Sports Provincial Directorate Personnel

Abstract

In this study, emotional labor and psychological capital, which have been frequently emphasized recently, are discussed. The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between emotional labor levels and psychological capital of employees working in Provincial Directorates of Youth and Sports. In addition, it is to reveal whether there is a significant relationship between the demographic variables of the participants and psychological capital and emotional labor sub-dimensions. A total of 208 people, 131 males and 77 females, working in the Provincial Directorates of Youth and Sports, participated in the study by convenience sampling method. The data were obtained using the questionnaire technique. The data obtained were analyzed using frequency, mean, ANOVA, correlation and regression analysis method in SPSS 26.0 program.

Keywords

• Emotional Labor
• Psychological Capital
• Youth and Sports

References

1. Alper Ay, F., Limoncu, G. ve Kelekçioğlu, L. (2020). Duygusal Emek ve Psikolojik Sermayenin Örgütsel Sapmaya Etkisi: Bir Kamu Hastanesi Örneği. International Journal of Disciplines Economics & Administrative Scienves Studies, 6(24), 1146-1159
2. Alper Ay, F. ve Türkdoğan, N. (2018). Duygusal Emek, Tükenmişlik, İşten Ayrılma Niyeti ve İş Performansı Arasındaki İlişkiler. Örgütsel Davranış Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1), 87-103.
3. Ashforth, B. E. ve Humphrey, R. H. (1993). Emotional labor in service roles: the influence of identity. Academy of Management Review, 18(1): 88-115.
4. Avey, J.B., Reichard, R.J., Luthans, F., ve Mhatre K.H. (2011). Meta-analysis of the Impact of Positive Psychological Capital on Employee Attitudes, Behaviors, and Performance. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 22(2), 127–152.
5. Avey, J. B., Wernsing, T. S. & Luthans, F. (2008). Can positive employees help positive organizational change? impact of psychological capital and emotions on relevant attitudes and behaviors. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 44(1), 48-70
6. Avey, J. B. (2014). The Left Side of Psychological Capital: New Evidence on the Antecedents of PsyCap. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 21(2), 141–149. https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051813515516
7. Avey, J.B., Nimnicht, J.L. ve Graber Pigeon, N. (2010). Two field studies examining the association between positive psychological capital and employee performance. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 31 (5), 384-401. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731011056425
8. Aziz, S., Widis, A., ve Wuensch, K. (2018). The association between emotional labor and burnout: the moderating role of psychological capital. Occupational Health Science, 2(4), 365-383.

9. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman
10. Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120.
11. Brotheridge C. M, ve Lee R. T (2003). Development and Validation of the Emotional Labour Scale. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76: 365-379.
12. Büyükbeşe, T.ve Aslan, H. (2019). Psikolojik Sermaye ve Duygusal Emeğin Örgütsel Bağlılık Üzerindeki Etkisi. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11 (2), 949-963.
13. Chu, K.H.L. (2002). The effects of emotional labor on employee work outcomes. Phd Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universit, Blacksburg.
14. Chu, K.H.L. ve Murrmann, S.K. (2006). Development and validation of the hospitality emotional labor scale. Tourism Management, 27(6), 1181–1191.
15. Çelik, M., ve Turunç, Ö. (2011). Duygusal emek ve psikolojik sıkıntı: iş-aile çatışmasının aracılık etkisi. Istanbul University Journal of the School of Business Administration, 40(2), 226-250.
16. Diefendorff, J. M., Meredith H. Croyle ve Gosserand R. H. (2005). The dimensionality and antecedents of emotional labor strategies. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66(2): 339-357.
17. Dursun S, Aytaç S, ve Bayram N. (2014). Duygusal Emek Ölçeği Türkçe Formunun Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması. Endüstri İlişkileri ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi, 16(3): 10-18.
18. Goldsmith, H.A., Veum, J.R., ve Darty, W. (1997). The ımpact of psychological and human capital on wages. Economic Inquiry, 35, 815- 829.
19. Grandey, A. A. (2000). Emotional regulation in the workplace: A new way to conceptualize emotional labor. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, 95-110.
20. Grandey, A.A. (2003). When the show must go on: Surface acting and deep acting as determinants of emotional exhaustion and peer-rated service delivery. Academy of Management Journal, 46 (1), 86-96
21. Gross, J. J. (1998). Antecedent- and response-focused emotion regulation: Divergent consequences for experience, expression, and physiology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 224–237.
22. Harms, P. D. ve Luthans, F. (2012). Measuring implicit psychological constructs in organizational behavior: an example using psychological capital. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(4), 589-594.
23. Hochschild, A., R. (1983). The Managed Heart: The Commercialization of Human Feeling. University of California Press, California.
24. Hur, W. M., Rhee, S. Y., ve Ahn, K. H. (2016). Positive psychological capital and emotional labor in Korea: The job demands-resources approach. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 27(5), 477-500.
25. Kart, E. (2010). Nitelikli İşgücünün Küresel Trajedisi, Kavim Kitap, İstanbul.
26. Lee, R. T., ve Brotheridge, C. M. (2011). Words from the heart speak to the heart: A study of deep acting, faking, and hiding among child care workers. The Career Development International, 16(4), 401–420.
27. Lupton, D. (2002). Duygusal Yaşantı. (Mustafa Cemal, Çev.), Ayrıntı Yayınları, İstanbul.
28. Luthans, F., Avolio, B.J. Avey, J.B., ve Norman, S.M. (2007). Positive psychological capital: measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction. Personnel Psychology, 60, 541-572
29. Luthans, F., ve Youssef, C.M. (2004). Human, social and now positive psychological capital management: ınvesting in people for competitive advantage. Organizational Dynamics, 33, 143–160.
30. Mann, S. (2007). Expectations of emotional display in the workplace. Leadership & Organizational development Journal, 28 (6), 552-570.
31. Norman, S. M., Avey, J., Nimnicht, J. L. ve Pigeon, N. G. (2010). The ınteractive effects of psychological capital and organizational ıdentity on employee organizational citizenship and deviance behaviors. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 17(4), 380-391.
32. Oral, L. ve Köse, S. (2011). Hekimlerin Duygusal Emek Kullanımı ile İş Doyumu ve Tükenmişlik Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkiler Üzerinde Bir Araştırma. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2), 463-492.
33. Oruç, E. (2018). Psikolojik Sermaye Ölçeği Kısa Formunun Türkçe Uyarlaması: Geçerlik vee Güvenirlik Çalışması. Turkish Studies Economics, Finance and Politics, 13(14), 141-151
34. Özyılmaz Misican, D. ve Türkoğlu, N. (2019). Psikolojik Sermayenin Duygusal Emek Üzerine Etkisi: Hizmet Sektöründe Bir Araştırma. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11 (1), 173-188.
35. Park, S. M., Lee, M. H., ve Kim, J. Y. (2020). Influences of Type D Personality, Positive Psychological Capital, and Emotional Labor on the Burnout of Psychiatric Nurses. Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 29(2), 133-142.
36. Robbins, S.P. (2005). Essentials of Organizational Behavior. 8th Edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River. Rutter, M. (1987). Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms. American Journal of Orthopsychiatric, 57(3), 316–330.
37. Scott, B. A., ve Barnes, C. M. (2011). A multilevel field investigation of emotional labor, affect, work withdrawal, and gender. Academy of management Journal, 54(1), 116-136.
38. Snyder, C. R. (1995). Conceptualizing, measuring and nurturing hope. Journal of Counseling and Development, 73, 355–359.
39. Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S., ve Ullman, J. B. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. Boston, MA: pearson.
40. Tamer, I. (2015). The effect of positive psychological capital on emotional labor. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), 4(2), 20-34.
41. Tokmak, İ. (2014). Duygusal emek ile işe yabancılaşma ilişkisinde psikolojik sermayenin düzenleyici etkisi. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(3),134-156.
42. Tosten, R., ve Toprak, M. (2017). Positive psychological capital and emotional labor: A study in educational organizations. Cogent Education, 4(1), 1301012.
43. Xin, W., Tong, L., ve Yiwen, C. (2017). Influence of emotional labor on organizational commitment in government logistics personnel: The mediating effect of job burnout and the moderating effect of perceived organizational support. In 2017 IEEE 19th International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services (Healthcom) (pp. 1-6).
44. Yeşil, S. ve Mavi, Y. (2018). Duygusal Emeğin Etkilediği Faktörler Üzerine Bir Alan Araştırması. Aksaray Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 1, 29-44.
45. Yılmaz, G. ve Baran Durmaz, G. (2019). Pediatri Hemşirelerinin Empatik Eğilim, Duygusal Emek Davranışları ve Tükenmişlik Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişki. Journal of Hacettepe University Faculty of Nursing, 6(2), 92-100.
46. Yin, H., Wang, W., Huang, S., ve Li, H. (2018). Psychological capital, emotional labor and exhaustion: Examining mediating and moderating models. Current Psychology, 37(1), 343-356.
47. Zapf, D. (2002). Emotion work and psychological well-being: A review of the literature and some conceptual considerations. Human resource management review, 12(2), 237-268.