Acute Effects of Different Recovery Methods on Vertical Jump, Flexibility and Sprint Performance: A Comparison of Foam Rolling, Intermittent Pneumatic Compression and Massage Gun

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine the acute effects of various recovery methods on jumping, flexibility and sprint performance following an isokinetic fatigue protocol. Thirty-eight male athletes (age: 21.03 ± 1.66 years; height: 178.5 ± 6.93 cm; body weight: 73.10 ± 9.59 kg) participated in the study voluntarily. Pre-tests included the sit-and-reach test, Countermovement Jump (CMJ), Drop Jump (DJ), and a 20-meter sprint test, administered in that order. Following the pre-tests, participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups: foam rolling, intermittent pneumatic compression, massage gun, or a control group. A standardized fatigue protocol was applied to all participants using a isokinetic dynamometer. After the recovery interventions, participants rested for 60 minutes under standard laboratory conditions before post-tests were conducted. The findings indicated that the group×time interaction for CMJ and DJ performance was not statistically significant (p > 0.05); however, a more pronounced performance decline was observed in the control group (CMJ: 8.76%; DJ: 9.86%). No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of sprint performance (p>0.05). In terms of flexibility, the foam rolling and intermittent pneumatic compression groups differed significantly from the control group. In conclusion, different recovery methods may contribute to maintaining certain performance parameters and may be applied during periods of intensive training and competition.

Keywords

• Recovery
• Foam Rolling
• Intermittent Pneumatic Compression
• Massage Gun

Supporting Institution

This research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK) under Project 2209.

Project Number

1919B012517217

Ethical Statement

This study was approved by the Mersin University Sport Sciences Ethics Committee (decision dated 15.12.2025, No. 098).

Thanks

The authors thank TÜBİTAK for its support of this research.

Farklı Toparlanma Yöntemlerinin Dikey Sıçrama, Esneklik ve Sürat Performansına Akut Etkisi: Foam Roller, Aralıklı Pnömatik Kompresyon ve Masaj Tabancası Karşılaştırması

Abstract

Bu araştırma, izokinetik yorgunluk protokolü uygulaması sonrasında farklı toparlanma yöntemlerinin sıçrama, esneklik ve sürat performansı üzerindeki akut etkilerinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya, 38 erkek sporcu (yaş: 21.03 ± 1.66 yıl; boy uzunluğu: 178.5 ± 6.93 cm; vücut ağırlığı: 73.10 ± 9.59 kg) gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Ön testlerde otur-eriş testi, Countermovement Jump (CMJ), Drop Jump (DJ) ve 20 m sürat testi sırasıyla uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılar ön testlerin ardından randomizasyon yoluyla foam roller, aralıklı pnömatik kompresyon, masaj tabancası ve kontrol grubu olmak üzere dört gruba ayrılmıştır. Tüm katılımcılara izokinetik dinamometre ile standart bir yorgunluk protokolü uygulanmıştır. Toparlanma uygulamalarının ardından katılımcılar standart laboratuvar koşullarında 60 dakika dinlendirildikten sonra son testler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, CMJ ve DJ performansında grup×zaman etkileşiminin anlamlı olmadığını (p>0.05), ancak performans kaybının özellikle kontrol grubunda daha belirgin olduğunu göstermiştir (CMJ: %8.76; DJ:%9.86). Sprint performansında gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Esneklik performansında foam roller ve aralıklı pnömatik kompresyon grupları kontrol grubundan anlamlı olarak farklı bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, farklı toparlanma yöntemleri bazı performans parametrelerinin korunmasına katkı sağlayabildiği, yoğun antrenman ve müsabaka dönemlerinde kullanılabileceği söylenebilir.

Keywords

• Toparlanma
• Foam Roller
• Aralıklı Pnömatik Kompresyon
• Masaj Tabancası

Supporting Institution

Bu araştırma, Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK) tarafından 2209 Projesi kapsamında desteklenmiştir.

Project Number

1919B012517217

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma Mersin Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Etik Kurulu tarafından onaylanmıştır (15.12.2025 tarihli, 098 numaralı karar).

Thanks

Yazarlar, bu araştırmaya sağladığı destek nedeniyle TÜBİTAK'a teşekkür eder.

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