J.Calvin, Tesniye metinlerinin yeni ekonomik gerçeklere kesinlikle uygulanamayacağını
anlamış ve mal olarak alınan veya tüketim için kullanılan borçlanma ile
üretim için alınan borçlar arasında çok önemli bir ayrım yapmıştır. Bunlardan ilki, borç-
lunun geçimi için yardım maksatlı olduğu ve verimsiz şeylere harcandığı için, tazmini
için alacaklıya yetki vermiyordu. Zira fakir insanlar kendi özel tüketimi için borç para
almaktaydılar. İş borçları olarak adlandırılan ikinci borçlanma halinde ise, borçlu kendi
işine katarak bundan bir kazanç sağlayabilmekte olduğundan, bunu tazmin etmesine veya
ödülünü vermesine izin verilebilirdi. Calvin, Eski ve Yeni Ahit metinlerinin faiz karşılığı
borçlanma ile gerçekten yalnızca ilk şekliyle ilgilenmiş olduğuna dikkatleri çekmesinde
tamamıyla haklıydı. Bu nedenle Calvin, fakir insanlardan alınan faizi kınayan önceki hukukçuların
kullandığı Eski ve Yeni Ahit metinlerini tamamıyla ve açıkça bir kenara iterek
geçersiz saymamıştır.
Bieler, A. (1964). The social humanism of Calvin, Richmond, London: John Knox Press.
Bouwsma, W. J. (1988). Calvin: a Sixteenth-Century Portrait, New York: Oxford Uni- versity Press.
Cleary, P. (1914). The Church and Usury: An Essay on Some Historical and Theological
Aspects of Money-Lending, M H Gill, Dublin. Davies, A.T. (1946). Calvin and the İnfluence of Protestantism on National Life and cha- racter, H.E. Walter, London.
Dempsey, B.W.S.J. (1948). Interest and Usury, D. Dobson, London.
Donald, D.W.A. (1975). Compound İnterest and Annuities-Certain, London: Heinemann Press.
Fenton, R. (1980). The Usury Debate in the Seventeenth Century, New York: Arno Press.
Hawawini, G.A. (1972). The History of İnterest Approximations, New York: Arno Press.
Hunter, A.M. (1950). The teaching of Calvin, Levell, Los Angeles.
Jeremy D.J. (1988). Religion, Business, and Wealth in Modern Britain, Routledge, Lon- don.
McGrath, A.E. (1990). A Life of Calvin: a Study of the Shaping of Western Culture, Basil Blackwell, Cambridge.
McNeill, J.T. (1967). The History and Character of Calvinism, New York: Oxford Uni- versity Press.
Murray, J. (1960). Calvin on Scripture and Divine Sovereignty, London: Baker Book House.
Noonan, J.T. (1957). The Scholastic Analysis of Usury, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Noth, M. (1981). The Deutoronomistic History, New York: Sheffield Presss.
Parker, T.H.L. (1971). Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries, London: SCM Press.
Parks T. (2005). Medici Money: Banking, Metaphysics and Art in Fifteenth Century Flo- rance, New York: W.W.Norton.
Pica J.N. (1962). The Banking and Finance Among Jews in Renaissance Italy, New York: Bloch Pub.
Roover R. (1974). Business Banking, and Economic Thought in Late Medieval and Early
Modern Europe, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Ryn, F.W. (1924). Usury and Usury Laws, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Schmidt, A.M. (1960). Calvin and the Calvinistic Tradition, New York: Harper Publ.
Wauzzinski, R.A. (1993). Between God and Gold: Protestant Evangelicalism and the Industrial Revolution, London: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
Wendel, F. (1963). Calvin: The Origins and Development of his Religious Thought, Har- per & Row, New York,
Wilson, T. (1965). A Discourse Upon Usury, M Kelley, New York.
Wright, W.J. (1988). Capitalism, the State, and the Lutheran Reformation: Sixteenth-cen- tury, Ohio: Ohio University Press.
Year 2009,
Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 237 - 252, 20.04.2010
Bieler, A. (1964). The social humanism of Calvin, Richmond, London: John Knox Press.
Bouwsma, W. J. (1988). Calvin: a Sixteenth-Century Portrait, New York: Oxford Uni- versity Press.
Cleary, P. (1914). The Church and Usury: An Essay on Some Historical and Theological
Aspects of Money-Lending, M H Gill, Dublin. Davies, A.T. (1946). Calvin and the İnfluence of Protestantism on National Life and cha- racter, H.E. Walter, London.
Dempsey, B.W.S.J. (1948). Interest and Usury, D. Dobson, London.
Donald, D.W.A. (1975). Compound İnterest and Annuities-Certain, London: Heinemann Press.
Fenton, R. (1980). The Usury Debate in the Seventeenth Century, New York: Arno Press.
Hawawini, G.A. (1972). The History of İnterest Approximations, New York: Arno Press.
Hunter, A.M. (1950). The teaching of Calvin, Levell, Los Angeles.
Jeremy D.J. (1988). Religion, Business, and Wealth in Modern Britain, Routledge, Lon- don.
McGrath, A.E. (1990). A Life of Calvin: a Study of the Shaping of Western Culture, Basil Blackwell, Cambridge.
McNeill, J.T. (1967). The History and Character of Calvinism, New York: Oxford Uni- versity Press.
Murray, J. (1960). Calvin on Scripture and Divine Sovereignty, London: Baker Book House.
Noonan, J.T. (1957). The Scholastic Analysis of Usury, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Noth, M. (1981). The Deutoronomistic History, New York: Sheffield Presss.
Parker, T.H.L. (1971). Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries, London: SCM Press.
Parks T. (2005). Medici Money: Banking, Metaphysics and Art in Fifteenth Century Flo- rance, New York: W.W.Norton.
Pica J.N. (1962). The Banking and Finance Among Jews in Renaissance Italy, New York: Bloch Pub.
Roover R. (1974). Business Banking, and Economic Thought in Late Medieval and Early
Modern Europe, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Ryn, F.W. (1924). Usury and Usury Laws, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Schmidt, A.M. (1960). Calvin and the Calvinistic Tradition, New York: Harper Publ.
Wauzzinski, R.A. (1993). Between God and Gold: Protestant Evangelicalism and the Industrial Revolution, London: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
Wendel, F. (1963). Calvin: The Origins and Development of his Religious Thought, Har- per & Row, New York,
Wilson, T. (1965). A Discourse Upon Usury, M Kelley, New York.
Wright, W.J. (1988). Capitalism, the State, and the Lutheran Reformation: Sixteenth-cen- tury, Ohio: Ohio University Press.