Research Article

Validity and Reliability Studies of Helicopter Parenting Scales (HPS) For Adolescents and Parents

Volume: 58 Number: 2 August 16, 2025
TR EN

Validity and Reliability Studies of Helicopter Parenting Scales (HPS) For Adolescents and Parents

Abstract

In this study, two instruments were developed to determine the perceived helicopter parenting levels of adolescents and parents. The study group consisted of 564 adolescents (343 female, 216 male) and 521 parents (306 mothers and 215 fathers) attending high schools in the central districts of Ankara. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis conducted on the adolescent and parent scales, which consisted of 42 items each as a pre-test form, a two-factor structure with 26 items in the adolescent scale and a two-factor structure with 24 items in the parent scale was obtained. As a result of the confirmatory factor analyses conducted on the obtained constructs, the factor structures for each version were statistically confirmed. Analyses conducted on the convergent validity and criterion-related validity of the scales revealed that the helicopter parenting construct to be measured with the adolescent and parent scales had a valid structure with a separate scope. It was concluded that the internal consistency of the scales in the sub-factors and total score was quite high. Finally, since helicopter parenting is a parenting practice in which normally exhibited parenting behaviors are applied excessively and frequently, a standardisation analysis was conducted on both scale data and cut-off points were calculated for the scales. It has been established that the Adolescent and Parent Versions of Helicopter Parenting Scale (HPS) are reliable and valid instruments that can be utilized in school and family counseling research and practices.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

The author(s) declare that they have not received any financial support for research, authorship and/or publication of this article.

Ethical Statement

The studies involving humans were approved by the Ankara University Ethics Committee. The studies were conducted in accordance with the local legislation and institutional requirements. Written informed consent to participate in this study was provided by the participants.

Thanks

The author(s) declare that no acknowledgments are included in the study.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Scale Development, Psychological Counseling and Guidance (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

August 16, 2025

Submission Date

July 16, 2024

Acceptance Date

January 28, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 58 Number: 2

APA
Daşcı, E., & Yalçın, İ. (2025). Validity and Reliability Studies of Helicopter Parenting Scales (HPS) For Adolescents and Parents. Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences (JFES), 58(2), 437-490. https://doi.org/10.30964/auebfd.1510132
AMA
1.Daşcı E, Yalçın İ. Validity and Reliability Studies of Helicopter Parenting Scales (HPS) For Adolescents and Parents. JFES. 2025;58(2):437-490. doi:10.30964/auebfd.1510132
Chicago
Daşcı, Esma, and İlhan Yalçın. 2025. “Validity and Reliability Studies of Helicopter Parenting Scales (HPS) For Adolescents and Parents”. Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences (JFES) 58 (2): 437-90. https://doi.org/10.30964/auebfd.1510132.
EndNote
Daşcı E, Yalçın İ (August 1, 2025) Validity and Reliability Studies of Helicopter Parenting Scales (HPS) For Adolescents and Parents. Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences (JFES) 58 2 437–490.
IEEE
[1]E. Daşcı and İ. Yalçın, “Validity and Reliability Studies of Helicopter Parenting Scales (HPS) For Adolescents and Parents”, JFES, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 437–490, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.30964/auebfd.1510132.
ISNAD
Daşcı, Esma - Yalçın, İlhan. “Validity and Reliability Studies of Helicopter Parenting Scales (HPS) For Adolescents and Parents”. Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences (JFES) 58/2 (August 1, 2025): 437-490. https://doi.org/10.30964/auebfd.1510132.
JAMA
1.Daşcı E, Yalçın İ. Validity and Reliability Studies of Helicopter Parenting Scales (HPS) For Adolescents and Parents. JFES. 2025;58:437–490.
MLA
Daşcı, Esma, and İlhan Yalçın. “Validity and Reliability Studies of Helicopter Parenting Scales (HPS) For Adolescents and Parents”. Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences (JFES), vol. 58, no. 2, Aug. 2025, pp. 437-90, doi:10.30964/auebfd.1510132.
Vancouver
1.Esma Daşcı, İlhan Yalçın. Validity and Reliability Studies of Helicopter Parenting Scales (HPS) For Adolescents and Parents. JFES. 2025 Aug. 1;58(2):437-90. doi:10.30964/auebfd.1510132

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