Social Capital and Civil Society in Turkey, 1994-2014: A Cross-Regional Comparison

Abstract

The objective of this study is to discuss civil society organizations’ (CSOs) potential to generate social capital in Turkey by analyzing the changes observed in patterns of CSOs participation since the 1990s onwards. In this vein, the study aims to contribute to research on Turkey’s social capital. For the analysis, the study utilizes World Values Survey (WVS), 1994-2014 Turkey data. The findings show declining CSOs participation rates; a noteworthy decline in the participation rates to traditional interest groups; and serious regional differences of participation to CSOs, which are given special emphasis by social capital literature such as the CSOs on new social movements and self-expressive values, during 2000s. The study also underlines the changing demographic properties of the CSOs’ participants during the same period. More women and younger citizens have started to participate in the CSOs throughout the 2000s. Participants’ average education levels have increased as well. 

Keywords

• Civil society,bonding social capital,bridging social capital,Turkey,Turkey’s regions

1990’lardan Günümüze Türkiye’de Sosyal Sermaye ve Sivil Toplum: Bölgeler Arası bir Karşılaştırma

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1990’lardan günümüze, Türkiye’de sivil toplum kuruluşlarına (STK) katılımın ne şekilde değiştiğini analiz ederek, STK’ların sosyal sermaye üretebilme potansiyelini tartışmaktır. Bu özelliği ile çalışma, Türkiye’nin sosyal sermayesi üzerine yapılan çalışmalara katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Analiz için Dünya Değerler Araştırması’nın (DDA) 1994-2014 Türkiye verisi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, 2000’li yıllarda Türkiye’de STK katılım oranlarının düştüğünü; geleneksel çıkar gruplarına katılımda gözlenen düşüşlerin dikkat çekici olduğunu ve sosyal sermaye literatürünün önem atfettiği yeni siyasi hareketler ve kendini ifade etme değerleri ile ilgili STK türlerine katılım oranlarının, Türkiye’nin bölgeleri arasında ciddi farklılıklar gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, ayrıca, aynı dönemde, STK katılımcılarının değişen demografik özelliklerine de dikkat çekmektedir. 2000’li yıllarda, daha fazla kadın ve genç, STK’lara katılım göstermiş, STK katılımcılarının ortalama eğitim seviyeleri de yükselmiştir.

Keywords

• Sivil toplum,bağlayıcı sosyal sermaye,köprü kurucu sosyal sermaye,Türkiye,Türkiye’nin bölgeleri

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