Kıt Kaynakların Paylaştırılması: Talepler Problemi Literatürü Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Year 2023, Volume: 23 Issue: 3, 989 - 1004, 27.09.2023

Orhan Aygün Sinan Ertemel Burak Doğan

https://doi.org/10.18037/ausbd.1320872

Abstract

Bu makale, literatürde “talepler problemi” olarak bilinen, hak sahiplerinin taleplerini karşılamada yetersiz bir kaynağın, kaynak üzerindeki mülkiyet iddiaları gözetilerek paylaştırılması modelini inceler. Bu modelin miras dağıtımından tayınlamaya, iflas eden şirketin mallarının alacaklılara tahsisinden vergilendirmeye kadar birçok farklı uygulaması bulunur. Makalede, aksiyomatik bir yaklaşım benimsenerek talepler problemine çözüm sunan dağıtım kurallarının matematiksel aksiyom olarak ifade edilen özellikleri irdelenir. Ayrıca, literatürde öne çıkan orantılı kural ve eşitlikçi kurallar gibi dağıtım kuralları aksiyomatik karakterizasyonları ile incelenir. Son olarak, bu çalışma, yetersiz kaynağın, kaynak üzerinde birbiriyle çelişen iddiaları bulunan talep sahipleri arasında adil ve hakça dağıtılması konusunda kapsamlı bir çerçeve sunar.

Keywords

Talepler Problemi, Tayınlama, İflas Problemi, Miras, Vergilendirme, Adil Dağıtım

Allocating Scarce Resources: A Survey of Claims Problems

Abstract

This paper studies the allocation of a scarce resource among competing claimants, which is commonly known as the “claims problem”. This model has numerous practical applications ranging from estate division to rationing, bankruptcy, and even basic taxation problems. An axiomatic approach is used to examine the properties of division rules that are expressed as mathematical axioms. The paper provides an analysis of prominent division rules, such as the proportional and egalitarian rules, along with their axiomatic characterizations. Ultimately, the paper presents a comprehensive framework for achieving a fair and equitable allocation of limited resources among competing claimants.

Keywords

Claims Problem, Rationing, Bankruptcy, Inheritance, Taxation, Division Rules

References

• Aumann, R. J. ve Maschler, M. (1985). Game theoretic analysis of a bankruptcy problem from the Talmud. Journal of Economic Theory, 36(2), 195–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0531(85)90102-4
• Curiel, I. J., Maschler, M. ve Tijs, S. H. (1987). Bankruptcy games. Zeitschrift Für Operations Research, 31, A143–A159. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02109593
• Dagan, N. (1996). New characterizations of old bankruptcy rules. Social Choice and Welfare, 13(1), 51–59. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41106151
• Dagan, N. ve Volij, O. (1993). The bankruptcy problem: A cooperative bargaining approach. Mathematical Social Sciences, 26(3), 287–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-4896(93)90024-D
• Moulin, H. (1987). Equal or proportional division of a surplus, and other methods. International Journal of Game Theory, 16(3), 161–186. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01756289
• Moulin, H. (2000). Priority rules and other asymmetric rationing methods. Econometrica, 68(3), 643–684. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0262.00126
• Moulin, H. (1985). Egalitarianism and utilitarianism in quasi-linear bargaining. Econometrica, 53(1), 49–67. https://doi.org/10.2307/1911723
• Moulin, H. (2002). Axiomatic cost and surplus sharing. Handbook of Social Choice and Welfare, 1, 289–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0110(02)80010-8
• O’Neill, B. (1982). A problem of rights arbitration from the Talmud. Mathematical Social Sciences, 2(4), 345–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-4896(82)90029-4
• Rabinovitch, N. L. (1973). Probability and statistical inference in ancient and medieval Jewish literature. Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press.
• Thomson, W. (2019). How to divide when there isn't enough. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
• Young, H. P. (1988). Distributive justice in taxation. Journal of Economic Theory, 44(2), 321–335. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0531(88)90007-5
• Young, H. P. (1990). Progressive taxation and equal sacrifice. The American Economic Review, 80(1), 253–266. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2006747