Büyük Güç Mücadelesine Dönüş ve Dördüncü Sanayi Devrimi Liderlik Yarışının Stratejik Bir Boyutu: 5G ve Huawei

Year 2024, Volume: 24 Issue: 3, 1241 - 1266, 30.09.2024

İsmail Aydın

https://doi.org/10.18037/ausbd.1425426

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Büyük Güç Mücadelesi bağlamında 5G’nin ve özellikle Huawei’nin neden Çin ile Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD) arasında çatışma alanı haline geldiği sorusuna yanıt aramaktadır. ABD, Çin’i siyasal sistem olarak ötekileştirirken konuya siber güvenlik tehdidi olarak yaklaşmaktadır. Çin ise konuya, ABD’nin dördüncü sanayi devrimi mücadelesinde Çinli şirketleri akamete uğratma girişimleri şeklinde karşılık vermektedir. Çalışma, Büyük Güç Mücadelesi bağlamında literatürdeki ABD-Çin tartışmaları ile başlayacaktır. Sonrasında yüzeydeki ticaret savaşına dair gelişmeler aktarılacak ve akabinde savaşın ilk nasıl başladığı anlaşılmaya çalışılacaktır. Sonraki bölümde, konunun derinlerinde yatan nedenlere ulaşabilmek için, 5G’nin ne olduğu, dünyada neleri nasıl değiştirmesinin beklendiği ortaya konacaktır. Takip eden bölümde ise, Huawei’nin hedef tahtasında olmasının koşullarını oluşturan teknolojik arka plan ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır. Sonuç bölümünde, ABD ve Çin arasındaki çatışmanın, Dördüncü Sanayi Devrimi liderliğinin ve sonuç olarak küresel liderliğin hem ülkesel hem de coğrafi olarak değişim mücadelesinin 5G özelinde nereye evrildiği bilimsel veriler ışığında cevaplanmaya çalışılacaktır. Çalışma metodolojik olarak nitel bir araştırma olarak tasarlanmış ve çalışmada doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, literatürde yer alan tartışmaların yanı sıra, konu ile ilgili sektörel aktörlerin yayınlarından, gerek uluslararası ilişkiler gerekse elektrik-elektronik mühendisliği literatüründeki bilimsel çalışmalardan ve uluslararası yayınları ve haberleri içeren ampirik verilerden faydalanılmıştır.

Keywords

Büyük Güç Mücadelesi, Çin, 5G, Sanayileşme 4.0, ABD, Huawei

Strategic Dimension of the Fourth Industrial Revolution Leadership Race in the Context of the Great Power Competition: 5G and Huawei

Abstract

In the context of the Great Power Struggle, this study seeks to answer the question of why 5G, and Huawei in particular, has become an area of conflict between China and the United States (US). The study will begin with the US-China debates in the literature in the context of the Great Power Struggle. Afterwards, developments regarding the trade war on the surface will be presented and then an attempt will be made to understand how the war first started. In the next section, in order to reach the deeper reasons behind the issue, what 5G is and how it is expected to change the world will be revealed. In the following section, the technological background that creates the conditions for Huawei to be targeted will be revealed. In the concluding section, it will be tried to answer in the light of scientific data where the conflict between the USA and China, the leadership of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, and as a result, the struggle for the change of global leadership both nationally and geographically has evolved in 5G. The study is methodologically designed as a qualitative research and document analysis method is used in the study. In this study, in addition to the discussions in the literature, publications of sectoral actors on the subject, scientific studies in both international relations and electrical and electronics engineering literature, and empirical data including international publications and news were utilised.

Keywords

Great Power Competition, China, 5G, Industrialization 4.0, USA, Huawei

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