Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

DÖRDÜNCÜ VE BEŞİNCİ SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ARGÜMAN YAPILARI

Year 2020, Volume: 8 Issue: 22, 39 - 71, 15.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.33692/avrasyad.643598

Abstract

Dünyanın birçok ülkesinde olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de öğretim
programlarında, özellikle de fen bilimleri öğretim programında argümantasyon
kavramının önemine vurgu yapılmaktadır. Bu yüzden araştırmacılar her kademeden
öğrencinin argüman yapısı ve argümantasyon becerisi hakkında çalışma yapmaya
yönelmektedirler. Bu çalışma da dördüncü ve beşinci sınıf öğrencilerinin
argüman yapıları üzerine odaklanmıştır. Belirlenen odak noktasından hareketle
araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2012-2013 eğitim-öğretim yılında Ankara ili Sincan
ilçesinde orta sosyoekonomik düzeyde olan iki okul ve her okuldan iki dördüncü
sınıf, iki beşinci sınıf olmak üzere toplamda 280 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma
problemine cevap bulmak amacıyla nitel araştırma yöntemi benimsenen çalışmada
durum çalışması deseni temel alınmıştır ve araştırılan durum öğrencilerin
“argüman yapılarıdır”.  Bu amaçla
belirlenen iki okulda dördüncü ve beşinci sınıftaki öğrenciler sınıf ortamında
gözlemlenmiş, bireysel oluşturdukları argümanlar incelenmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir.
Veriler öğrencilerden alınan yazılı cevaplar yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Elde
edilen bulgular dördüncü sınıf ve beşinci sınıf öğrencileri arasında
karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırma problemleri temelinde ulaşılan sonuçlar genel
olarak şu şekildedir: Dördüncü ve beşinci sınıf öğrencilerinin oluşturdukları
argümanlarda her etkinlikte konuya ilişkin mutlaka bir iddia cümlesine
rastlanmıştır. Fakat bu iddia cümlelerinin niteliği konunun zorluğuna, birden
fazla etken barındırma durumuna göre değişiklik göstermektedir. Aynı şekilde
oluşturdukları argümanlarda her etkinlikte konuya ilişkin mutlaka bir gerekçe
cümlesine rastlanmıştır. Fakat bu gerekçe cümlelerinin barındırdığı veriler
konunun zorluğuna, birden fazla etken barındırma durumuna göre değişiklik göstermektedir.
Nitel verilerden elde edilen bulgular değerlendirildiğinde dördüncü sınıf ve
beşinci sınıf öğrencileri Toulmin analiz modeline göre argümanlarında sadece
iddia ve gerekçe bileşenlerini kullanarak temel düzeyde argüman üretmiştir.
Yapılan nicel analizler sonucunda dördüncü sınıf ve beşinci sınıf öğrencileri
argümanlarında kullandıkları bileşenler bakımından farklılık göstermedikleri
ortaya çıkmıştır. Her iki seviyede bulunan öğrenciler argümanlarında iddia,
gerekçe cümleleri kullanmış, destekleyici ve çürütücüye yer vermemiştir.
Çalışmaya katılan öğrenciler tarafından üretilen argümanlar yapılan etkinliğin
barındırdığı değişkenlere ve kapsadığı kazanımlara göre değişmektedir. Çalışma
kapsamında yapılan etkinliklerde öğrenciler en düşük 2. seviye en yüksek ise 4.
seviyede argüman üretmişlerdir.

References

  • ACAR, Ö. (2008). Argumentatıon skills and conceptual knowledge of undergraduate students in a physics by inquiry class. Doktora Tezi. Ohio State University, Ohio.
  • BAXTER, P. & JACK, S. (2008). Qualitative case study methodology; study design and ımplementation for novice researchers. The Qualitative Report 13 (4 ) 544-559
  • BELL, P. & LİNN, M. (2000). Scientific arguments as learning artifacts: Designing for learning from the web with KIE. International Journal of Science Education, 22 (8), 797–817.
  • BELL, P. & LİNN, M. (2000). Scientific arguments as learning artifacts: Designing for learning from the web with KIE. International Journal of Science Education, 22 (8), 797.
  • BELL, P. (2004). Promoting students' argument construction and collaborative debate in the science classroom. M. C. Linn, E. A. Davis & P. Bell (Eds.), Internet environments for science education içinde (s. 115-143). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • BULGREN, J. A., ELLİS, J. D. & MARQUİS, J. G. (2014). The Use and Effectiveness of an Argumentation and Evaluation Intervention in Science Classes. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 23 (1):82–97.
  • CHAMBLİSS, M. J., & Murphy, P. K. (2002). Fourth and fifth graders representing the argument structure in written texts. Discourse Processes, 34(1), 91–115.
  • CHORESH, C. C., MEVARECH, Z. R. & FRANK, M. (2009). Developing argumentation ability as a way to promote technological literacy. International Journal of Educational Research 48, 225–234.
  • CRESWELL, J W. (2012). Educational research : planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Boston: Pearson.
  • ÇETİN, P. S. (2014) Explicit argumentation instruction to facilitate conceptual understanding and argumentation skills. Research in Science ve Technological Education, 32:1, 1-20.
  • ÇETİN, P. S., DOĞAN, N & KUTLUCA, A. Y. (2014). The quality of pre-service science teachers’ argumentation: Influence of content knowledge. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 25, 309-331.
  • DAWSON, C. (2007). A practical guide to research methods. Oxford: Howtobooks
  • DRİVER, R., ASOKO, H., LEACH, J., MORTİMER, E., & SCOTT, P. (1994). Constructing scientific knowledge in the classroom. Educational Researcher, 23 (7), 5-12.
  • DRİVER, R., NEWTON, P., & OSBORNE, J. (2000). Establishing the norms of scientific argumentation in classrooms. Science Education, 84, 287–312.
  • DUSCHL, R. A., & OSBORNE, J. (2002). Supporting ve Promoting Argumentation Discourse in Science Education. Studies in Science Education, 38(1), 39-72
  • DUSCHL, R., ELLENBOGAN, K., & ERDURAN, S. (1999). Promoting argumentation in middle school science classrooms: A project SEPIA evaluation Annual Meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching sunulmuş bildiri, Boston, MA.
  • FELTON, M. K. (2004). The development of discourse strategies in adolescent argumentation. Cognitive Development 19, 35–52
  • FRAENKEL, J., WALLEN, N., & HYUN, H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education. NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • GÜNEL, M., MEMİŞ, K. E., & BÜYÜKKASAP, E. (2010). Yaparak yazarak bilim öğrenimi-YYBÖ yaklaşımının İlköğretim öğrencilerinin fen akademik başarısına ve fen ve teknoloji dersine yönelik tutumuna etkisi. Eğitim ve Bilim, 35(155), 49-62.
  • HOGAN, K., & MAGLİENTİ, M. (2001). Comparing the epistemological underpinnings ofstudents' and scientists' reasoning about conclusions. Journal o f Research inScience Teaching, 38(6), 663-687.
  • JAN, M. (2009). Desıgnıng an augmented realıty game-based currıculum for argumentatıon. Doktora Tezi. Unıversıty of Wısconsın, Madıson
  • JİMENEZ-ALEİXANDRE, M. P., & PEREİRA-MUNHOZ, C. (2002). Knowledge producers or knowledge consumers? Argumentation and decision making about environmental management. International Journal of Science Education, 24(\ 1), 1171-1190.
  • KELLY, G. J., Druker, S. & Chen, C. (1998). Students’ reasoning about electricity: combining performance assessments with argumentation analysis, International Journal of Science Education, 20(7), 849-871.
  • KNİGHT, A. M. & MCNEİLL, K. L. (2012, Mart). Comparing students’ written and verbal scientific arguments. National Association for Research in Science Teaching sunulmuş bildiri, Indianapolis, IN.
  • KRAJCİK, J., BLUMENFELD, P. C., MARX, R. W., BASS, K. M., FREDRİCKS, J., & SOLOWAY, E. (1998). Inquiry in Project-Based Science Classrooms: Initial Attempts by Middle School Students. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 7(3-4), 313-350.
  • KUHN, D. (2005). Education for thinking. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • KUHN, D., & UDELL ,W. (2003). The development of argumentation skills. Child Development, 74 (5), 1245-1260.
  • KUHN, L., & REİSER, B. (2005). Students constructing and defending evidence-based scientific explanations. National Association for Research in Science Teaching sunulmuş bildiri, Dallas, TX.
  • LATOUR, B. W., & WOOLGAR, S. (1986). Laboratory life: The construction of scientific facts. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • LAWSON, A.E. (2003). The nature and development of hypothetico-predictive argumentation with implications for science teaching. International Journal of Science Education, 25 (11), 1387– 1408.
  • LEDERMAN, N. (1992). Students' and teachers' conceptions of the nature of science: A review of the research. Journal o f Research in Science Teaching, 29, 331-359.
  • LİZOTTE, D. J., Harris, C. J., McNeill, K. L., Marx, R. W., & Krajcik, J. (2003, Nisan). Usable assessments aligned with curriculum materials: Measuring explanation as a scientific way of knowing. American Educational Research Association sunulmuş bildiri, Chicago, IL.
  • MALONEY, J. & SİMON, S. (2006). Mapping children’s discussions of evidence in science to assess collaboration and argumentation, International Journal of Science Education, 28(15), 1817-1841
  • MASNİCK, A. M., KLAHR, D., & MORRİS, B. J. (2007) Separating signal from noise: Children’s understanding of error and variability in experimental outcomes. Lovett,
  • M., and Shah, P. (Eds.), Thinking With Data: The proceedings o f 33rd Carnegie Symposium on Cognition. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • MASON, L., & SANTİ, M. (1994). Argumentation structure and metacognition in constructing shared knowledge at school. American Educational Research Association sunulmuş bildiri, New Orleans, LA.
  • MCNEİLL, K. L., & KRAJCİK, J. (2008). Scientific explanations: Characterizing and evaluating the effects of teachers’ instructional practices on student learning. Journal of Research in Science Teaching.45(1), 53-78
  • MEB. (2005). İlköğretim fen ve teknoloji dersi (4 ve 5. sınıflar ) öğretim programı. Ankara
  • MEB. (2013). İlköğretim kurumları (ilkokullar ve ortaokullar) fen bilimleri dersi (3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıflar) öğretim programı. Ankara.
  • MERCİER, H. (2011). Reasoning serves argumentation in children. Cognitive Development 26, 177– 191.
  • METZ, K. E. (2000). Young children’s inquiry in biology: Building the knowledge bases to empower independent inquiry. In J. Minstrell & E. H. van Zee (Eds.), Inquiry into inquiry learning and teaching in science içinde (s. 371–404).Washington, DC: American Association for the Advancement of Science. 27 Temmuz 2014 tarihinde http://www.aaas.org/sites/default/files/migrate/uploads/InquiryPart3.pdf sayfasından alınmıştır
  • MULLER MİRZA, N., PERRET-CLERMONT, A. N., TARTAS, V., & IANNACCONE, A. (2009). Psychosocial processes in argumentation. N. Muller Mirza, & A.-N. Perret-Clermont (Eds.), Argumentation and education içinde (s. 67–90). New York, NY: Springer.
  • NGSS LEAD STATES. 2013. Next Generation Science Standards: For states, by states. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
  • NUSSBAUM, E. M., & SİNATRA, G. M. (2003). Argument and conceptual engagement. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 28, 384–395.
  • O'DONOGHUE, T.A. (2007) Planning Your Qualitative Research Project: A Beginner's Guide to Research in Education. London: Routledge
  • OSBORNE, J., ERDURAN, S., & SİMON, S. (2004). Enhancing the quality of argumentaion in science. Journal of Research in Science Teaching,41(10), 994-1020.
  • ÖĞRETEN, B. & ULUÇINAR-SAĞIR, Ş. (2014). Argümantasyona Dayalı Fen Öğretiminin Etkililiğinin İncelenmesi, Türk Fen Eğitimi Dergisi, 11(1), 75-100.
  • PHİLLİPS, L. M. & NORRİS, S. P. (2009). Bridging the gap between the language of science and the language of school science through the use of adapted primary literature. Research in Science Education, 39(3), 313-319.
  • PRESSLEY, M. & HİLDEN, K. (2006). Cognitive strategies. D. Kuhn & R. S. Siegler (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology içinde (s. 511-556). New Jersey: John Wiley ve Sons, Inc.,
  • RYU, S. & SANDOVAL, W. A. (2012). Improvements to elementary children’s epistemic understanding from sustained argumentation. Science Education, 96(3), 488–526
  • SADLER, T. D. (2004). Informal reasoning regarding socioscientific issues: A critical review of research. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 41, 513–536.
  • SADLER, T. D., CHAMBERS, F. W., & ZEİDLER, D. L. (2004). Student conceptualisations of the natüre of science in response to a socioscientific issue. International Journal of Science Education, 26, 387–409.
  • SAMPSON, V., GROOMS, J., & WALKER, J., P. (2010). Argument-driven inquiry as a way to help students learn how to participate in scientific argumentation and craft written arguments: An exploratory study. Science Education, 95, 217-257.
  • SANDOVAL, W. A. & MİLLWOOD, K. A. (2005). The quality of students’ use of evidence in written scientific explanations. Cognıtıon And Instructıon, 23(1), 23–55.
  • SANDOVAL, W. A. (2003). Conceptual and epistemic aspects of students’ scientific explanations. Journal of the Learning Sciences
  • SANDOVAL, W. A., & REİSER, B. J. (2004). Explanation driven inquiry: Integrating conceptual and epistemic scaffolds for scientific inquiry. Science Education, 88(3), 345-372.
  • SCHWARZ, B., B., NEUMAN, Y., Gil, J., & Ilya, M. (2003). Construction of collective and individual knowledge in argumentative activity. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 12(2), 219 – 256.
  • SİMON, S., ERDURAN, S., & OSBORNE, J. (2006). Learning to teach argumentation: Research and development in the science classroom. International Journal of Science Education, 28(2–3), 235–260.
  • STAKE, R. E. (1997). Case study methods in educationalresearch: Seeking sweet water. R. M. Jaeger, (Ed.), Complementery methods for research in education içinde (s. 401-419). American Educational Research Association.
  • THORON, A.C. (2010). Effects of ınquıry-based agrıscıence ınstructıon on student argumentatıon skılls, scıentıfıc reasonıng, and student achıevement. Doktora TEzi. Unıversıty Of Florıda.
  • VEERMAN, A., ANDRİESSEN, J. & KANSELAAR, G. (2002). Collaborative argumentation in academic education. Instructional Science, 30, 155–186.VON AUFSCHNAİTER, C., Erduran, S., Osborne, J., & Simon, S. (2008). Arguing to Learn and Learning to Argue: Case Studies of How Students' Argumentation Relates to Their Scientific Knowledge Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 45(1), 101-131
  • WALLACE, C. S. (2006). Evidence from the literature for writing as a mode of science learning. C. S. Wallace., B. Hand & V. Prain (Ed.), Writing and learning in the science classroom içinde (s. 9-19). The Netherlands: Springer.
  • WALTON, D. (1990). What is reasoning? What is an argument?. Journal of Philosophy, 87, 399-419.
  • WALTON, D. (2006). Fundamentals of critical argumentation, Cambridge, Cambridge University.
  • YORE, L. D., & TREAGUST, D. F. (2006). Current realities and future possibilities: Language and science literacy-empowering research and informing instruction. International Journal of Science Education, 28, 291-314.
  • ZEMBAL-SAUL, C., MUNFORD, D., CRAWFORD, B, FRİEDRİCHSEN, P., & LAND, S. (2002). Scaffolding preservice science teachers’ evidence-based arguments during an investigation of natural selection. Research in Science Education, 32, 437–463.
  • ZOHAR, A., & NEMET, F. (2002). Fostering students’ knowledge and argumentation skills through dilemmas in human genetics. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 39(1), 35-62.
Year 2020, Volume: 8 Issue: 22, 39 - 71, 15.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.33692/avrasyad.643598

Abstract

References

  • ACAR, Ö. (2008). Argumentatıon skills and conceptual knowledge of undergraduate students in a physics by inquiry class. Doktora Tezi. Ohio State University, Ohio.
  • BAXTER, P. & JACK, S. (2008). Qualitative case study methodology; study design and ımplementation for novice researchers. The Qualitative Report 13 (4 ) 544-559
  • BELL, P. & LİNN, M. (2000). Scientific arguments as learning artifacts: Designing for learning from the web with KIE. International Journal of Science Education, 22 (8), 797–817.
  • BELL, P. & LİNN, M. (2000). Scientific arguments as learning artifacts: Designing for learning from the web with KIE. International Journal of Science Education, 22 (8), 797.
  • BELL, P. (2004). Promoting students' argument construction and collaborative debate in the science classroom. M. C. Linn, E. A. Davis & P. Bell (Eds.), Internet environments for science education içinde (s. 115-143). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • BULGREN, J. A., ELLİS, J. D. & MARQUİS, J. G. (2014). The Use and Effectiveness of an Argumentation and Evaluation Intervention in Science Classes. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 23 (1):82–97.
  • CHAMBLİSS, M. J., & Murphy, P. K. (2002). Fourth and fifth graders representing the argument structure in written texts. Discourse Processes, 34(1), 91–115.
  • CHORESH, C. C., MEVARECH, Z. R. & FRANK, M. (2009). Developing argumentation ability as a way to promote technological literacy. International Journal of Educational Research 48, 225–234.
  • CRESWELL, J W. (2012). Educational research : planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Boston: Pearson.
  • ÇETİN, P. S. (2014) Explicit argumentation instruction to facilitate conceptual understanding and argumentation skills. Research in Science ve Technological Education, 32:1, 1-20.
  • ÇETİN, P. S., DOĞAN, N & KUTLUCA, A. Y. (2014). The quality of pre-service science teachers’ argumentation: Influence of content knowledge. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 25, 309-331.
  • DAWSON, C. (2007). A practical guide to research methods. Oxford: Howtobooks
  • DRİVER, R., ASOKO, H., LEACH, J., MORTİMER, E., & SCOTT, P. (1994). Constructing scientific knowledge in the classroom. Educational Researcher, 23 (7), 5-12.
  • DRİVER, R., NEWTON, P., & OSBORNE, J. (2000). Establishing the norms of scientific argumentation in classrooms. Science Education, 84, 287–312.
  • DUSCHL, R. A., & OSBORNE, J. (2002). Supporting ve Promoting Argumentation Discourse in Science Education. Studies in Science Education, 38(1), 39-72
  • DUSCHL, R., ELLENBOGAN, K., & ERDURAN, S. (1999). Promoting argumentation in middle school science classrooms: A project SEPIA evaluation Annual Meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching sunulmuş bildiri, Boston, MA.
  • FELTON, M. K. (2004). The development of discourse strategies in adolescent argumentation. Cognitive Development 19, 35–52
  • FRAENKEL, J., WALLEN, N., & HYUN, H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education. NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • GÜNEL, M., MEMİŞ, K. E., & BÜYÜKKASAP, E. (2010). Yaparak yazarak bilim öğrenimi-YYBÖ yaklaşımının İlköğretim öğrencilerinin fen akademik başarısına ve fen ve teknoloji dersine yönelik tutumuna etkisi. Eğitim ve Bilim, 35(155), 49-62.
  • HOGAN, K., & MAGLİENTİ, M. (2001). Comparing the epistemological underpinnings ofstudents' and scientists' reasoning about conclusions. Journal o f Research inScience Teaching, 38(6), 663-687.
  • JAN, M. (2009). Desıgnıng an augmented realıty game-based currıculum for argumentatıon. Doktora Tezi. Unıversıty of Wısconsın, Madıson
  • JİMENEZ-ALEİXANDRE, M. P., & PEREİRA-MUNHOZ, C. (2002). Knowledge producers or knowledge consumers? Argumentation and decision making about environmental management. International Journal of Science Education, 24(\ 1), 1171-1190.
  • KELLY, G. J., Druker, S. & Chen, C. (1998). Students’ reasoning about electricity: combining performance assessments with argumentation analysis, International Journal of Science Education, 20(7), 849-871.
  • KNİGHT, A. M. & MCNEİLL, K. L. (2012, Mart). Comparing students’ written and verbal scientific arguments. National Association for Research in Science Teaching sunulmuş bildiri, Indianapolis, IN.
  • KRAJCİK, J., BLUMENFELD, P. C., MARX, R. W., BASS, K. M., FREDRİCKS, J., & SOLOWAY, E. (1998). Inquiry in Project-Based Science Classrooms: Initial Attempts by Middle School Students. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 7(3-4), 313-350.
  • KUHN, D. (2005). Education for thinking. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • KUHN, D., & UDELL ,W. (2003). The development of argumentation skills. Child Development, 74 (5), 1245-1260.
  • KUHN, L., & REİSER, B. (2005). Students constructing and defending evidence-based scientific explanations. National Association for Research in Science Teaching sunulmuş bildiri, Dallas, TX.
  • LATOUR, B. W., & WOOLGAR, S. (1986). Laboratory life: The construction of scientific facts. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • LAWSON, A.E. (2003). The nature and development of hypothetico-predictive argumentation with implications for science teaching. International Journal of Science Education, 25 (11), 1387– 1408.
  • LEDERMAN, N. (1992). Students' and teachers' conceptions of the nature of science: A review of the research. Journal o f Research in Science Teaching, 29, 331-359.
  • LİZOTTE, D. J., Harris, C. J., McNeill, K. L., Marx, R. W., & Krajcik, J. (2003, Nisan). Usable assessments aligned with curriculum materials: Measuring explanation as a scientific way of knowing. American Educational Research Association sunulmuş bildiri, Chicago, IL.
  • MALONEY, J. & SİMON, S. (2006). Mapping children’s discussions of evidence in science to assess collaboration and argumentation, International Journal of Science Education, 28(15), 1817-1841
  • MASNİCK, A. M., KLAHR, D., & MORRİS, B. J. (2007) Separating signal from noise: Children’s understanding of error and variability in experimental outcomes. Lovett,
  • M., and Shah, P. (Eds.), Thinking With Data: The proceedings o f 33rd Carnegie Symposium on Cognition. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • MASON, L., & SANTİ, M. (1994). Argumentation structure and metacognition in constructing shared knowledge at school. American Educational Research Association sunulmuş bildiri, New Orleans, LA.
  • MCNEİLL, K. L., & KRAJCİK, J. (2008). Scientific explanations: Characterizing and evaluating the effects of teachers’ instructional practices on student learning. Journal of Research in Science Teaching.45(1), 53-78
  • MEB. (2005). İlköğretim fen ve teknoloji dersi (4 ve 5. sınıflar ) öğretim programı. Ankara
  • MEB. (2013). İlköğretim kurumları (ilkokullar ve ortaokullar) fen bilimleri dersi (3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıflar) öğretim programı. Ankara.
  • MERCİER, H. (2011). Reasoning serves argumentation in children. Cognitive Development 26, 177– 191.
  • METZ, K. E. (2000). Young children’s inquiry in biology: Building the knowledge bases to empower independent inquiry. In J. Minstrell & E. H. van Zee (Eds.), Inquiry into inquiry learning and teaching in science içinde (s. 371–404).Washington, DC: American Association for the Advancement of Science. 27 Temmuz 2014 tarihinde http://www.aaas.org/sites/default/files/migrate/uploads/InquiryPart3.pdf sayfasından alınmıştır
  • MULLER MİRZA, N., PERRET-CLERMONT, A. N., TARTAS, V., & IANNACCONE, A. (2009). Psychosocial processes in argumentation. N. Muller Mirza, & A.-N. Perret-Clermont (Eds.), Argumentation and education içinde (s. 67–90). New York, NY: Springer.
  • NGSS LEAD STATES. 2013. Next Generation Science Standards: For states, by states. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
  • NUSSBAUM, E. M., & SİNATRA, G. M. (2003). Argument and conceptual engagement. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 28, 384–395.
  • O'DONOGHUE, T.A. (2007) Planning Your Qualitative Research Project: A Beginner's Guide to Research in Education. London: Routledge
  • OSBORNE, J., ERDURAN, S., & SİMON, S. (2004). Enhancing the quality of argumentaion in science. Journal of Research in Science Teaching,41(10), 994-1020.
  • ÖĞRETEN, B. & ULUÇINAR-SAĞIR, Ş. (2014). Argümantasyona Dayalı Fen Öğretiminin Etkililiğinin İncelenmesi, Türk Fen Eğitimi Dergisi, 11(1), 75-100.
  • PHİLLİPS, L. M. & NORRİS, S. P. (2009). Bridging the gap between the language of science and the language of school science through the use of adapted primary literature. Research in Science Education, 39(3), 313-319.
  • PRESSLEY, M. & HİLDEN, K. (2006). Cognitive strategies. D. Kuhn & R. S. Siegler (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology içinde (s. 511-556). New Jersey: John Wiley ve Sons, Inc.,
  • RYU, S. & SANDOVAL, W. A. (2012). Improvements to elementary children’s epistemic understanding from sustained argumentation. Science Education, 96(3), 488–526
  • SADLER, T. D. (2004). Informal reasoning regarding socioscientific issues: A critical review of research. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 41, 513–536.
  • SADLER, T. D., CHAMBERS, F. W., & ZEİDLER, D. L. (2004). Student conceptualisations of the natüre of science in response to a socioscientific issue. International Journal of Science Education, 26, 387–409.
  • SAMPSON, V., GROOMS, J., & WALKER, J., P. (2010). Argument-driven inquiry as a way to help students learn how to participate in scientific argumentation and craft written arguments: An exploratory study. Science Education, 95, 217-257.
  • SANDOVAL, W. A. & MİLLWOOD, K. A. (2005). The quality of students’ use of evidence in written scientific explanations. Cognıtıon And Instructıon, 23(1), 23–55.
  • SANDOVAL, W. A. (2003). Conceptual and epistemic aspects of students’ scientific explanations. Journal of the Learning Sciences
  • SANDOVAL, W. A., & REİSER, B. J. (2004). Explanation driven inquiry: Integrating conceptual and epistemic scaffolds for scientific inquiry. Science Education, 88(3), 345-372.
  • SCHWARZ, B., B., NEUMAN, Y., Gil, J., & Ilya, M. (2003). Construction of collective and individual knowledge in argumentative activity. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 12(2), 219 – 256.
  • SİMON, S., ERDURAN, S., & OSBORNE, J. (2006). Learning to teach argumentation: Research and development in the science classroom. International Journal of Science Education, 28(2–3), 235–260.
  • STAKE, R. E. (1997). Case study methods in educationalresearch: Seeking sweet water. R. M. Jaeger, (Ed.), Complementery methods for research in education içinde (s. 401-419). American Educational Research Association.
  • THORON, A.C. (2010). Effects of ınquıry-based agrıscıence ınstructıon on student argumentatıon skılls, scıentıfıc reasonıng, and student achıevement. Doktora TEzi. Unıversıty Of Florıda.
  • VEERMAN, A., ANDRİESSEN, J. & KANSELAAR, G. (2002). Collaborative argumentation in academic education. Instructional Science, 30, 155–186.VON AUFSCHNAİTER, C., Erduran, S., Osborne, J., & Simon, S. (2008). Arguing to Learn and Learning to Argue: Case Studies of How Students' Argumentation Relates to Their Scientific Knowledge Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 45(1), 101-131
  • WALLACE, C. S. (2006). Evidence from the literature for writing as a mode of science learning. C. S. Wallace., B. Hand & V. Prain (Ed.), Writing and learning in the science classroom içinde (s. 9-19). The Netherlands: Springer.
  • WALTON, D. (1990). What is reasoning? What is an argument?. Journal of Philosophy, 87, 399-419.
  • WALTON, D. (2006). Fundamentals of critical argumentation, Cambridge, Cambridge University.
  • YORE, L. D., & TREAGUST, D. F. (2006). Current realities and future possibilities: Language and science literacy-empowering research and informing instruction. International Journal of Science Education, 28, 291-314.
  • ZEMBAL-SAUL, C., MUNFORD, D., CRAWFORD, B, FRİEDRİCHSEN, P., & LAND, S. (2002). Scaffolding preservice science teachers’ evidence-based arguments during an investigation of natural selection. Research in Science Education, 32, 437–463.
  • ZOHAR, A., & NEMET, F. (2002). Fostering students’ knowledge and argumentation skills through dilemmas in human genetics. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 39(1), 35-62.
There are 67 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Demet Şahin Kalyon 0000-0002-4321-4880

Mehmet Fatih Taşar This is me 0000-0003-1249-3482

Publication Date June 15, 2020
Submission Date November 6, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 8 Issue: 22

Cite

APA Şahin Kalyon, D., & Taşar, M. F. (2020). DÖRDÜNCÜ VE BEŞİNCİ SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ARGÜMAN YAPILARI. Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi, 8(22), 39-71. https://doi.org/10.33692/avrasyad.643598

 27448 27618 27616   27615  27574 27609   27627


Avrasyad''de yayınlanan makaleler, Creative Commons Atıf-Gayriticari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY-NC 4.0) ile lisanslanmıştır. Bilimsel araştırmaları kamuya ücretsiz sunmanın bilginin küresel paylaşımını artıracağı ilkesini benimseyen dergi, tüm içeriğine anında açık erişim sağlamaktadır. Makalelerdeki fikir ve görüşlerin sorumluluğu sadece yazarlarına ait olup Avrasyad''nin görüşlerini yansıtmazlar. Kullanım Şartları ve Gizlilik Politikası