Acculturation process of Syrian and Afghan refugees living in Turkey and perceptions of entrepreneurship

Abstract

The civil war in Syria and the ongoing human rights violations in Afghanistan have rendered refugee entrepreneurship and acculturation significant research topics. Turkey hosts the largest refugee population in the world, with 3.6 million Syrians and over 116,000 Afghan refugees. Limited economic resources and employment challenges lead refugees to turn to entrepreneurship. This study aims to reveal the perceptions of Syrian and Afghan refugee entrepreneurs toward entrepreneurship within the context of acculturation. Employing a qualitative research design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a total of 24 refugee entrepreneurs, including 13 Syrians and 11 Afghans. The findings indicate that integration is the dominant acculturation orientation among refugee entrepreneurs, while assimilation and separation appear to a limited extent; no cases of anomie or individualism were observed. Entrepreneurship serves as a strategic tool for overcoming economic difficulties and facilitating cultural adaptation. While Syrians tend to perceive the host society more positively and show a lower tendency to leave the country, Afghans are more inward-oriented and inclined to emigrate. Key motivations for entrepreneurship include the pursuit of a higher standard of living and a desire for autonomy.

Keywords

• Entrepreneurship
• Entrepreneur
• Refugee Entrepreneur
• Acculturation

Supporting Institution

Izmir Katip Çelebi University

Project Number

2022-GAP-İİBF-0027

Thanks

This research was conducted within the scope of the GAP / General Research Project (Project No: 2022-GAP-İİBF-0027) supported by İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University. We would like to express our gratitude to the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University for their scientific and financial support.

Türkiye'de yaşayan Suriyeli ve Afgan mülteci girişimcilerin kültürleşme kapsamında girişimciliğe ilişkin algıları

Abstract

Suriye’deki iç savaş ve Afganistan’daki süregelen insan hakları ihlalleri, mülteci girişimciliği ve kültürleşmeyi önemli bir araştırma konusu hâline getirmiştir. Türkiye, 3,6 milyon Suriyeli ve 116 binden fazla Afgan mülteciyle en fazla mülteciye ev sahipliği yapan ülkedir. Ekonomik kaynakların kısıtlılığı ve istihdam zorlukları, mültecileri girişimciliğe yönlendirmektedir. Bu araştırma, Suriyeli ve Afgan mülteci girişimcilerin kültürleşme süreçleri bağlamında girişimciliğe yönelik algılarını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Nitel araştırma tasarımıyla yürütülen çalışmada, 13 Suriyeli ve 11 Afgan olmak üzere toplam 24 mülteci girişimciyle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, mülteci girişimciler arasında entegrasyon yöneliminin baskın olduğunu; asimilasyon ve ayrışmanın sınırlı düzeyde görüldüğünü; anomi ve bireycilik yönelimlerine rastlanmadığını göstermektedir. Girişimcilik hem ekonomik zorlukları aşmak hem de kültürel uyumu sağlamak için stratejik bir araçtır. Suriyeliler ev sahibi topluma daha olumlu yaklaşırken, Afganlar daha çok iç grup yönelimli ve ayrılma eğilimindedir. Girişimcilik motivasyonlarında refah arayışı ve bağımsızlık isteği öne çıkmaktadır.

Keywords

• Girişimcilik
• Girişim
• Mülteci Girişimci
• Kültürleşme

Supporting Institution

İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi

Project Number

2022-GAP-İİBF-0027

Thanks

Bu araştırma, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi tarafından desteklenen Genel Araştırma Projesi (GAP) kapsamında yürütülmüş olup (Proje No: 2022-GAP-İİBF-0027), ilgili proje çıktıları doğrultusunda hazırlanmıştır. Sağladıkları bilimsel ve mali destek için İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü’ne teşekkür ederiz.

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