Research Article

Turkic Bark and Russian Бpak “Brak”

Volume: 8 Number: 1 June 15, 2026
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Turkic Bark and Russian Бpak “Brak”

Abstract

Linguistic contact between the Turkic and Indo-European languages is often dated to the Orkhon or Hun periods; however, evidence suggests that such interactions can be traced back as far as the Scythian (Saka) era. These early contacts were not only cultural but also linguistic, resulting in the transmission of several Turkic-origin words into Western languages. One such word is “bar,” which is associated with concepts of marriage and settlement. Previous research has largely overlooked the presence of this term within Indo-European languages. This study is the first to identify and analyze the existence of the word bar across Indo-European languages, shedding light on its linguistic diffusion. Furthermore, it argues that the term, which also underlies the Old Turkic word bark found in the Orkhon Inscriptions, can be traced even further back to Sumerian origins. In this regard, the study provides a novel contribution to historical linguistics and etymological research.

Keywords

References

  1. Akdoğan, Y. (1999). Azerbaycan Türkçesi'nden Türkiye Türkçesi'ne büyük sözlük. Beşir Yayınevi.
  2. Auty, R. (1968). Handbook of Old Church Slavonic part II: Texts and glossary. The Athlone Press.
  3. Aydın, N. (2013). Büyük Sümerce sözlük. Türk Dil Kurumu.
  4. Aydın, N. (2024). Akadca - Türkçe büyük sözlük. Altınordu Yayınları.
  5. Binler, M. Z. (2007). Türk dünyası aile ve akrabalık terimleri sözlüğü. Selenge Yayınları.
  6. Boeschoten, H. (2022). A dictionary of early Middle Turkic. Brill.
  7. Chernykh, P. Y. (1999). Istoriko-etimologicheskiy slovar' sovremennogo Russkogo yazyka (Cilt 1). Ruskiy Yazyk.
  8. Clauson, Sir Gerard, (1972). An etymological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, At the Clarendon Press.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Comparative Language Studies, Russian Language, Literature and Culture, Slavic Language, Literature and Culture

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 15, 2026

Submission Date

April 17, 2026

Acceptance Date

May 21, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 8 Number: 1

APA
Şengül, F. (2026). Turkic Bark and Russian Бpak “Brak”. International Journal of Current Approaches in Language, Education and Social Sciences, 8(1), 62-69. https://doi.org/10.35452/caless.1932502
AMA
1.Şengül F. Turkic Bark and Russian Бpak “Brak.” CALESS. 2026;8(1):62-69. doi:10.35452/caless.1932502
Chicago
Şengül, Fatih. 2026. “Turkic Bark and Russian Бpak ‘Brak’”. International Journal of Current Approaches in Language, Education and Social Sciences 8 (1): 62-69. https://doi.org/10.35452/caless.1932502.
EndNote
Şengül F (June 1, 2026) Turkic Bark and Russian Бpak “Brak”. International Journal of Current Approaches in Language, Education and Social Sciences 8 1 62–69.
IEEE
[1]F. Şengül, “Turkic Bark and Russian Бpak ‘Brak’”, CALESS, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 62–69, June 2026, doi: 10.35452/caless.1932502.
ISNAD
Şengül, Fatih. “Turkic Bark and Russian Бpak ‘Brak’”. International Journal of Current Approaches in Language, Education and Social Sciences 8/1 (June 1, 2026): 62-69. https://doi.org/10.35452/caless.1932502.
JAMA
1.Şengül F. Turkic Bark and Russian Бpak “Brak”. CALESS. 2026;8:62–69.
MLA
Şengül, Fatih. “Turkic Bark and Russian Бpak ‘Brak’”. International Journal of Current Approaches in Language, Education and Social Sciences, vol. 8, no. 1, June 2026, pp. 62-69, doi:10.35452/caless.1932502.
Vancouver
1.Fatih Şengül. Turkic Bark and Russian Бpak “Brak”. CALESS. 2026 Jun. 1;8(1):62-9. doi:10.35452/caless.1932502