Amos’ta Yeni Araştırmalar ve Bulgular

Year 2021, Volume: 9, 219 - 249, 29.06.2021

Mehmet Gürbüzer

Abstract

Karia Khersonesos’undaki Rhodos demelerinden biri olan Amos antik kenti günümüzde Marmaris’in 20 km güneybatısındaki Asarcık burnunun üzerinde yer almaktadır. 102 m yüksekliğindeki yarımada, kuzeyden ve güneyden iki koy ile çevrelenmiştir. Müstahkem bir tepe yerleşimi olan Amos surlardan, kulelerden ve şehir kapılarından oluşan güçlü bir savunma sistemine sahiptir. Bununla birlikte, tiyatro ve küçük bir tapınak kentin en iyi bilinen yapılarındandır. Amos tarihine yönelik oldukça sınırlı veri bulunmaktadır. Arkeolojik bulgular kent tarihinin MÖ VI. yüzyıla kadar geriye gittiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Kent, Hellenistik dönemde Lindos’un demesi olarak Rhodos Peraia’sının bir parçası olmuştur. Amos ve çevre-sinde ele geçen kira sözleşmeleri sayesinde bu dönem boyunca Amos’un bereketli topraklarını kiraladığı bilinmektedir. Kent planına bakıldı-ğında bir tepe üzerinde yükselen ana yerleşim surlar ve kuleler ile güçlendirilmiştir. Surlarda polygonal ve rektagonal duvar örgülerinin bir arada kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Tapınak ve ti-yatro gibi kamu binaları kentin akropolisinde yer almaktadır. Amos, Birleşik Peraia’daki dört tiyatrodan birine sahiptir. Akropolis terasında, tiyatronun hemen batısı bir kutsal alana ev sahip-liği yapmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile kent tarihi, kent yerleşimi ve mimari yapılarına dair yeni bulgular ve önerilerin ileri sürülmesi amaçlanmaktadır.

Keywords

Rhodos Peraia’sı, Karia Khersone¬sos’u, Apollon Samnaios, Hieroteles, Deme

Recent Research and Findings at Amos

Abstract

One of the Rhodian demes in the Karian Cherso-nesos, Amos is located on a promontory called Asarcık, lies almost 20 km southwest of Physkos, modern Marmaris. This headland 102 m high, projected eastwards and jutting out between two bays to the north and the south. As a fortified settlement on a hill, Amos has a strong defense system consisting of ramparts, towers, and gates. The theatre and the small temple are the best-known buildings of the city. Information about the history of Amos is very limited. Archaeological evidence shows the history of the city dates back to the VIth century B.C. The city became a part of the Rhodian Peraea as a Lindian deme during the Hellenistic period. It is known that the fertile lands of Amos were leased throughout the period by the lease agreements which were found at Amos and in its vicinity. Amos displays the characteristics of a Hellenistic settlement. Concerning the layout, the city on the hill was enclosed by a fortifi-cation and towers. The city walls employed irregular ashlar masonry with a combination of polygonal and rectangular blocks. The public buildings of the settlement such as the theatre and the temple are situated on the acropolis. A-mos has one of the four theatre in the incorporated Peraea. Just to the west of the theatre, the acropolis terrace houses a sanctuary. The main goal of this study is to present new evidence and finds regarding the history of the city, the settlement and its architecture.

Keywords

Rhodian Peraea, Karian Chersonesos, Apollo Samnaios, Hieroteles, Deme

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