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Yıldırım Aşırı Gerilimlerinin Fotovoltaik Sistemler Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 9 - 15, 30.06.2024

Abstract

Elektrik üretiminde yenilenebilir enerjiye duyulan gereksinim her geçen gün artmaktadır. Yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları içerisinde de en büyük potansiyeli güneş enerjisi oluşturmaktadır. Elektriksel sistemlerde meydana gelen yıldırım aşırı gerilimleri sistemde kalıcı ve anlık kesintilere sebep olduğu gibi sistem ekipmanlarının bozulmasına da neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada 100 kW gücünde fotovoltaik sistem Matlab/Simulink kullanılarak modellenmiştir ve PV sistemde invertör çıkışına yıldırım düşmesi durumundaki geçici olaylar incelenmiştir. Yıldırım dalga formunun modellenmesinde Heidler fonksiyonu kullanılarak 1.2/50’lik yıldırım darbesi modellenmiştir. Sistemde maksimum güç noktasının belilenmesinde Değiştir&Gözlemle(Perturb&Observe) optimizasyon algoritması kullanılmıştır. DC-DC konvertör yapısı olarak boost konvertör yapısı tasarlanmış ve köprü evirici invertör ile sistemin AC çıkışı elde edilmiştir. Benzetim sonuçları yıldırım çarpmalarınının PV sistemlerde kullanılan ekipmanlara ciddi hasarlar verebileceğini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle PV sistemlerin yıldırım çarpmalarının neden olduğu etkilerinden korunması ve sistem güvenliğini sağlamak için uygun lokasyonda parafudur korumasının tüm uygulamalarda kullanılması önerilmektedir.

References

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  • [18] J. Sastry, P. Bakas, H. Kim, L. Wang, and A. Marinopoulos, “Evaluation of cascaded H-bridge inverter for utility-scale photovoltaic systems,” Renew. Energy, vol. 69, pp. 208–218, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2014.03.049.
  • [19] M. ŞEKER, “Parameter estimation of positive lightning impulse using curve fitting-based optimization techniques and least squares algorithm,” Electr. Power Syst. Res., vol. 205, no. November 2021, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2021.107733.
  • [20] F. Heidler, J. M. Cvetić, and B. V. Stanić, “Calculation of lightning current parameters,” IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 399–404, Apr. 1999, doi: 10.1109/61.754080.
  • [21] F. Heidler and J. Cvetić, “A class of analytical functions to study the lightning effects associated with the current front,” Eur. Trans. Electr. Power, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 141–150, 2002, doi: 10.1002/etep.4450120209.
Year 2024, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 9 - 15, 30.06.2024

Abstract

References

  • [1] A. A. Zaki Diab and H. Rezk, “Global MPPT based on flower pollination and differential evolution algorithms to mitigate partial shading in building integrated PV system,” Sol. Energy, vol. 157, pp. 171–186, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2017.08.024.
  • [2] R. K. Akikur, R. Saidur, H. W. Ping, and K. R. Ullah, “Comparative study of stand-alone and hybrid solar energy systems suitable for off-grid rural electrification: A review,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 27, pp. 738–752, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2013.06.043.
  • [3] M. Z. A. Ab Kadir, Y. Rafeeu, and N. M. Adam, “Prospective scenarios for the full solar energy development in Malaysia,” Kölemenoğlu and Şeker. / Journal of Engineering Faculty, 2(1): 9-15, 2024 15 Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 14, no. 9, p. 3023, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.062.
  • [4] S. L. Wong, N. Ngadi, T. A. T. Abdullah, and I. M. Inuwa, “Recent advances of feed-in tariff in Malaysia,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 41, pp. 42–52, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2014.08.006.
  • [5] A. Asuhaimi, M. Zin, S. Member, and S. P. A. Karim, “in Tenaga Nasional Berhad Malaysia,” vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 2047– 2056, 2007.
  • [6] Y. Tu, C. Zhang, J. Hu, S. Wang, W. Sun, and H. Li, “Research on lightning overvoltages of solar arrays in a rooftop photovoltaic power system,” Electr. Power Syst. Res., vol. 94, pp. 10–15, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2012.06.012.
  • [7] N. I. Ahmad et al., “Lightning protection on photovoltaic systems: A review on current and recommended practices,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 82, no. March, pp. 1611– 1619, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.07.008.
  • [8] I. Naxakis, E. Pyrgioti, V. Perraki, and E. Tselepis, “Studying the effect of the impulse voltage application on sc-Si PV modules,” Sol. Energy, vol. 144, pp. 721–728, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2017.01.072.
  • [9] T. Jiang and S. Grzybowski, “Influence of lightning impulse voltages on power output characteristics of Photovoltaic modules,” ICHVE 2014 - 2014 Int. Conf. High Volt. Eng. Appl., no. 4, 2014, doi: 10.1109/ICHVE.2014.7035488.
  • [10] S. Sekioka, “An experimental study of sparkover between a rod and a photovoltaic panel,” 2012 31st Int. Conf. Light. Prot. ICLP 2012, 2012, doi: 10.1109/ICLP.2012.6344268.
  • [11] M. Belik, “PV panels under lightning conditions,” Proc. 2014 15th Int. Sci. Conf. Electr. Power Eng. EPE 2014, pp. 367–370, 2014, doi: 10.1109/EPE.2014.6839446.
  • [12] N. H. A. Rahim et al., “Investigation of wave propagation to PV-solar panel due to lightning induced overvoltage,” Telkomnika (Telecommunication Comput. Electron. Control., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 47–52, 2014, doi: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v12i1.1976.
  • [13] R. Venkateswari and N. Rajasekar, “Review on parameter estimation techniques of solar photovoltaic systems,” Int. Trans. Electr. Energy Syst., vol. 31, no. 11, pp. 1–72, 2021, doi: 10.1002/2050-7038.13113.
  • [14] K. Aygül, M. Cikan, T. Demirdelen, and M. Tumay, “Butterfly optimization algorithm based maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic systems under partial shading condition,” Energy Sources, Part A Recover. Util. Environ. Eff., vol. 00, no. 00, pp. 1–19, 2019, doi: 10.1080/15567036.2019.1677818.
  • [15] Tekeshwar Prasad Sahu and T. V. Dixit, “Modelling and Analysis of Perturb & Observe and Incremental Conductance MPPT Algorithm for PV Array Using Ċuk Converter” 2014 IEEE Students' Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Science, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/SCEECS.2014.6804468.
  • [16] Rajiv Roshan; Yatendra Yadav; S Umashankar; D Vijayakumar; D P Kothari, “Modeling and simulation of Incremental conductance MPPT algorithm based solar Photo Voltaic system using CUK converter.” 2013 International Conference on Energy Efficient Technologies for Sustainability, DOI: 10.1109/ICEETS.2013.6533450
  • [17] S. Riyadi, “Single-phase single-stage PV-grid system using VSI based on simple control circuit,” Int. J. Power Electron. Drive Syst., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 9–16, 2013, doi: 10.11591/ijpeds.v3i1.1860.
  • [18] J. Sastry, P. Bakas, H. Kim, L. Wang, and A. Marinopoulos, “Evaluation of cascaded H-bridge inverter for utility-scale photovoltaic systems,” Renew. Energy, vol. 69, pp. 208–218, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2014.03.049.
  • [19] M. ŞEKER, “Parameter estimation of positive lightning impulse using curve fitting-based optimization techniques and least squares algorithm,” Electr. Power Syst. Res., vol. 205, no. November 2021, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2021.107733.
  • [20] F. Heidler, J. M. Cvetić, and B. V. Stanić, “Calculation of lightning current parameters,” IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 399–404, Apr. 1999, doi: 10.1109/61.754080.
  • [21] F. Heidler and J. Cvetić, “A class of analytical functions to study the lightning effects associated with the current front,” Eur. Trans. Electr. Power, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 141–150, 2002, doi: 10.1002/etep.4450120209.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Photovoltaic Power Systems
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Şafak Kölemenoğlu 0000-0002-0156-1307

Mustafa Şeker

Publication Date June 30, 2024
Submission Date December 22, 2023
Acceptance Date January 2, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 2 Issue: 1

Cite

IEEE Ş. Kölemenoğlu and M. Şeker, “Yıldırım Aşırı Gerilimlerinin Fotovoltaik Sistemler Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi”, CÜMFAD, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 9–15, 2024.