GRUPLAR ARASI TEMASIN ÖNYARGILAR, KOLEKTİF EYLEM NİYETİ VE BİLİŞSEL LİBERALLEŞME ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Abstract

Gruplar arasındaki önyargıları azaltmak adına geliştirilen en önemli yaklaşımlardan biri temas yaklaşımıdır. Doğrudan ve dolaylı temas deneyimleri bireylerin dış gruplara yönelik olumsuz tutumlarını zayıflatmada etkilidir. Öte yandan, son dönemde yürütülen araştırmalarda temas deneyimlerinin bireylerin yalnızca önyargılarını değil, kolektif eylem niyetini ve bilişsel liberalleşme düzeyini de etkilediği görülmektedir. Ulusal alanyazına bakıldığında ise temasın kolekif eylem niyeti ve bilişsel liberalleşme üzerindeki etkileri hakkında oldukça sınırlı sayıda çalışma olduğu görülmektedir. Mevcut derleme çalışmasının amacı, gruplar arası temasın bireylerin önyargı, kolektif eylem niyeti ve bilişsel liberalleşme düzeyini nasıl etkilediğini inceleyen çalışmaları derleyerek ilgili alanyazına Türkçe kaynak sağlamaktır. Bu amaçla hazırlanan mevcut çalışma temelde üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. İlk bölümde gruplar arası temas ve önyargı arasındaki ilişki incelenmiş ve temasın önyargılar üzerindeki etkisinde aracı ve düzenleyici rol oynayan faktörler incelenmiştir. İkinci bölüm gruplar arası temas ve kolektif eylem niyeti arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen araştırma bulgularını içermektedir. Son bölümde ise gruplar arası temasın bilişsel liberalleşme etkisi -temas deneyimlerinin bilişsel beceriler üzerindeki olumlu etkisi- üzerinde durulmuştur. Mevcut çalışmada temas deneyimlerinin hem grup süreçleri hem de grup süreçlerinin ötesindeki sonuçlarının birlikte incelenmesi, temasın etkilerinin bütüncül şekilde anlaşılmasına katkı sunacaktır.

Keywords

• Gruplar Arası Temas
• Önyargılar
• Kolektif Eylem
• Bilişsel Liberalleşme

EFFECTS OF INTERGROUP CONTACT ON PREJUDICES, COLLECTIVE ACTION INTENTION AND COGNITIVE LIBERALIZATION

Abstract

One of the most important approaches developed reducing intergroup prejudices is the contact approach. Direct and indirect contact experiences are effective in diminishing the negative outgroup attitudes. On the other hand, recent research shows that contact experiences affect not only individuals' prejudices, but also their collective action intention and cognitive liberalization level. There are very limited studies in the national literature on the effects of contact on collective action intention and cognitive liberalization. The aim of the current review study is to provide a source in Turkish to the relevant literature by reviewing studies examining how intergroup contact affects individuals' prejudice, collective action intention and cognitive liberalization. This study basically consists of three parts. In the first part, the relationship between intergroup contact and prejudice was examined and the factors that played mediator and moderator roles in the effect of contact on prejudices were examined. The second section includes research findings examining the relationship between intergroup contact and collective action intention. In the last section, the cognitive liberalization effect of intergroup contact - the positive effect of contact experiences on cognitive skills - is emphasized. In the current study, investigating the impacts of intergroup contact with both group processes and beyond group processes will contribute to a holistic understanding of the contact experiences.

Keywords

• Intergroup Contact
• Prejudices
• Collective Action
• Cognitive Liberalization

GRUPLAR ARASI TEMASIN ETKİLERİNE BÜTÜNCÜL BİR BAKIŞ

Abstract

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