GENDERED ENERGY INSECURITY: ADRESSING THE NEXUS BETWEEN ENERGY SECURITY RISKS AND GENDER EQUALITY

Abstract

Energy is widely recognized as a fundamental driver of economic growth and sustainable development. However, uncertainties in energy supply and demand pose significant challenges to global energy security. This study investigates whether gender equality can mitigate energy security risks by examining the case of the United States over the period 1989–2019. Using an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) framework, the study explores the long-run relationship between gender equality (SDG 5) and energy security (SDG 7), measured by the Gender Inequality Index (GII) and the Energy Security Risk Index (ESRI), respectively. The analysis also incorporates key control variables, including real GDP per capita, urban population, and the share of female investors. The findings provide evidence of a significant long-term relationship between gender equality and energy security risk. By integrating gender dynamics into the analysis of energy security, this study contributes to the literature by offering a more comprehensive perspective and provides policy-relevant insights for promoting inclusive and resilient energy systems.

Keywords

• Energy security risk
• SDG7
• Gender inequality
• SDG5
• Women investors.

TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYETLE İLİŞKİLİ ENERJİ GÜVENSİZLİĞİ: ENERJİ GÜVENLİĞİ RİSKLERİ VE TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET EŞİTLİĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN ELE ALINMASI

Abstract

Enerji, ekonomik büyümenin ve sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın temel belirleyicilerinden biri olarak geniş ölçüde kabul edilmektedir. Ancak enerji arz ve talebine ilişkin belirsizlikler, küresel enerji güvenliği açısından önemli zorluklar yaratmaktadır. Bu çalışma, 1989–2019 dönemi için Amerika Birleşik Devletleri örneğini inceleyerek, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin enerji güvenliği risklerini azaltıp azaltamayacağını araştırmaktadır. Çalışmada, Otoregresif Dağıtılmış Gecikmeli (ARDL) yaklaşımı kullanılarak, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği (SKA 5) ile enerji güvenliği (SKA 7) arasındaki uzun dönemli ilişki analiz edilmektedir. Bu kapsamda, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliği Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından geliştirilen Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitsizliği Endeksi (GII) ile, enerji güvenliği ise Enerji Güvenliği Risk Endeksi (ESRI) ile ölçülmektedir. Analize ayrıca kişi başına reel gelir, kentsel nüfus ve kadın yatırımcıların payı gibi temel kontrol değişkenleri de dahil edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği ile enerji güvenliği riski arasında anlamlı bir uzun dönemli ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma, enerji güvenliği analizine toplumsal cinsiyet dinamiklerini entegre ederek literatüre daha bütüncül bir bakış açısı kazandırmakta ve kapsayıcı ve dirençli enerji sistemlerinin geliştirilmesine yönelik politika yapıcılara önemli çıkarımlar sunmaktadır.

Keywords

• Enerji güvenliği riski
• SKH7
• Toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliği
• SKH5
• Kadın yatırımcılar

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