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DIŞA AÇIKLIK VE ÇEVRESEL KİRLİLİK İLİŞKİSİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2019, , 12 - 23, 15.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.35379/cusosbil.594489

Abstract



Ticari dışa
açıklık olarak bilinen ve dış ticaret hacminin genişlemesi ile ülkelere belirli
avantajlar sağlayan uluslararası ticaret kavramı, küreselleşmenin bir sonucu
olarak, küresel rekabeti de beraberinde getirmiştir. Özellikle gelişmekte olan
ülke (GOÜ)’ler, gelişmiş ülke (GÜ)’lerin gelir seviyelerine ulaşabilmek için, kirlilik
yaratan üretim yapılarını daha çok tercih etmektedir. Ancak kirli endüstrileri
tercih eden firmalar, yüksek gelir seviyelerine ulaşabilmek uğruna sosyal
maliyeti yüksek üretim yapılarına dönüşmüştür. Çalışmada gelişmekte olan bir
ülke olarak ele alınan Türkiye örneği için, dışa açıklık kavramının çevresel
kirlilik ile ilişkisinin yönü ve derecesi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla 1980-2016
yılları arasındaki veri setini içeren zaman serisi analizinde ARDL modeli
kullanılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi
ile ifade edilen Ters U biçimindeki fonksiyonun genel özelliklerini taşıyan
Türkiye örneği için, dışa açıklık kavramı çevre üzerinde olumsuz etki yaratma
sürecine devam etmektedir.



References

  • Aguiar, V. H. (1970). Trade, Environment and Democracy: Cross-Country Time Series Evidence for 1970-2006. Environment and Democracy: Cross-Country Time Series Evidence for, 2006.
  • Ang, J. B. (2007). CO2 emissions, energy consumption, and output in France. Energy Policy, 35(10), 4772-4778.
  • Atıcı, C. ve Kurt, F. (2007) Türkiye’nin dış ticareti ve çevre kirliliği: çevresel Kuznets eğrisi yaklaşımı, Tarım Ekonomisi Dergisi, 13(2): 61-69
  • Bryson, R. A. (1974). A perspective on climatic change.Science, 184(4138), 753-760.
  • Carson R. T., Jeon, Y. ve McCubbin, D. R. (1997) The relationship between air pollution emissions and income: US Data, Cambridge University Press Environment and Development Economics, 2: 433-350.
  • Coase, R. H. (1960). The problem of social cost. In Classic papers in natural resource economics (pp. 87-137). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  • Copeland, B. R. ve Taylor, M. S. (2004). Trade, Growth, and the Environment. Journal of Economic Literature. 42 (1): 7-77.
  • Çetin, M. ve Seker, F. (2014). Ekonomik büyüme ve dış ticaretin çevre kirliliği üzerindeki etkisi: Türkiye için bir ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımı. Yönetim ve Ekonomi: Celal Bayar Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(2), 213-230.
  • Dam, M. M., Karakaya, E., & Bulut, Ş. (2014). Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi ve Türkiye: Ampirik Bir Analiz. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Eyi Özel Sayısı, 85-96.
  • Dean, J. M. (1999). Testing the impact of trade liberalization on the environment: theory and evidence, P. Fredriksson, (Ed.) Trade, global policy and the environment. (55–63.ss) Washington, D.C.: World Bank
  • Dickey, D. A., and Fuller, W. A. (1981). Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root, Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society,49(4), 1057-1072.
  • Dinda, S.(2004), “Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: A Survey”, Ecological Economics Vol. 49, pp. 431– 455.
  • Feridun, M., Ayadi, F. S. ve Balouga, J. (2006). Impact of trade liberalization on the environment in developing countries The case of Nigeria. Journal of Developing Societies, 22(1), 39-56.
  • Fodha, M., & Zaghdoud, O. (2010). Economic growth and pollutant emissions in Tunisia: an empirical analysis of the environmental Kuznets curve. Energy Policy, 38(2), 1150-1156.
  • Fotros, M. H. ve Maaboudi, R. (2011). Trade openness and CO2 emissions in Iran, 1971-2008. International Journal of Business and Development Studies, 3(1), 73-84.
  • Grossman, G. M. ve Krueger, A. B. (1993). Environmental Impacts of a North American Free Trade Agreement. The US- Mexico Free Trade Agreement (ss. 13-56)
  • Grossman, G. M., Krueger, A. B. (1991), “Economic growth and the environment”, The quarterly journal of economics, Vol. 110, pp. 353-377.
  • Gu, Z., Gao, Y., ve Li, C. (2013). An empirical research on trade liberalization and CO2 emissions in China, International Conference on Education Technology and Information System (ICETIS 2013) içinde (243-246 ss.). Atlantis Press.
  • Halicioglu, F. (2009). An econometric study of CO2 emissions, energy consumption, income and foreign trade in Turkey. Energy Policy, 37(3), 1156-1164.
  • He, J., & Richard, P. (2010). Environmental Kuznets curve for CO2 in Canada. Ecological Economics, 69(5), 1083-1093.
  • Jalil, Abdul and F. Mahmud Syed (2009) “Environment Kuznets curve for CO2 emissions: A cointegration analysis for China”, Energy Policy, Volume 37, Issue 12, Pages 5167– 5172
  • Khalid, Ahmed (2014),"Environmental Kuznets curve for CO2 emission in Mongolia: an empirical analysis", Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, Vol. 25 Iss 4 pp. 505 – 516
  • Kuznets, S. (1955). Economic growth and income inequality. The American economic review, 1-28.
  • Lau, L.-S., Choong, C.-K. And Eng, Y.-K. (2014), “Investigation of the environmental Kuznets Curve for carbon emissions in Malaysia: Do foreign direct investment and trade matter?”, Energy Policy, Vol. 68, pp. 490–497
  • Long, X., Naminse, E. Y., Du, J., & Zhuang, J. (2015). Nonrenewable energy, renewable energy, carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth in China from 1952 to 2012.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 52, 680-688.
  • Managi, S., & Jena, P. R. (2008). Environmental productivity and Kuznets curve in India. Ecological Economics, 65(2), 432-440.
  • Matlon, P. J., & Spencer, D. S. (1984). Increasing food production in Sub-Saharan Africa: Environmental problems and inadequate technological solutions. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 66(5), 671-676.
  • Naranpanawa, A. (2010). Does trade openness promote carbon emissions? Empirical evidence from Sri Lanka. The Empirical Economics Letters, 10(10), 973-986.
  • Nkoro, E., & Uko, A. K. (2016). Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration technique: application and interpretation.Journal of Statistical and Econometric Methods, 5(4), 63-91.
  • Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. P. (1999). Pooled mean group estimation of dynamic heterogeneous panels. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 94(446), 621-634.
  • Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y. and Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships. Journal of applied econometrics, 16(3), 289-326.
  • Phillips, P. C., & Perron, P. (1988). Testing for a unit root in time series regression. Biometrika, 75(2), 335-346.
  • Rahman, M. Z. (2013). Relationship between trade openness and carbon emission: a case of Bangladesh. Journal of Empirical Economics, 1(4), 126-134.
  • Revelle, R., ve Suess, H. E. (1957). Carbon dioxide exchange between atmosphere and ocean and the question of an increase of atmospheric CO2 during the past decades. Tellus, 9(1), 18-27.
  • Salam, S., Sattar, A. ve Gilani, S. W. (2015). An empirical research on trade libralization and Co2 emission in Pakistan. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development 6(9), 39-46.
  • Seers, D. (1969). The meaning of development. New Delhi, 3.Taylor, M. S. (2003). Trade, Development and the Environment. http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1005&context=taylor
Year 2019, , 12 - 23, 15.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.35379/cusosbil.594489

Abstract

References

  • Aguiar, V. H. (1970). Trade, Environment and Democracy: Cross-Country Time Series Evidence for 1970-2006. Environment and Democracy: Cross-Country Time Series Evidence for, 2006.
  • Ang, J. B. (2007). CO2 emissions, energy consumption, and output in France. Energy Policy, 35(10), 4772-4778.
  • Atıcı, C. ve Kurt, F. (2007) Türkiye’nin dış ticareti ve çevre kirliliği: çevresel Kuznets eğrisi yaklaşımı, Tarım Ekonomisi Dergisi, 13(2): 61-69
  • Bryson, R. A. (1974). A perspective on climatic change.Science, 184(4138), 753-760.
  • Carson R. T., Jeon, Y. ve McCubbin, D. R. (1997) The relationship between air pollution emissions and income: US Data, Cambridge University Press Environment and Development Economics, 2: 433-350.
  • Coase, R. H. (1960). The problem of social cost. In Classic papers in natural resource economics (pp. 87-137). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  • Copeland, B. R. ve Taylor, M. S. (2004). Trade, Growth, and the Environment. Journal of Economic Literature. 42 (1): 7-77.
  • Çetin, M. ve Seker, F. (2014). Ekonomik büyüme ve dış ticaretin çevre kirliliği üzerindeki etkisi: Türkiye için bir ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımı. Yönetim ve Ekonomi: Celal Bayar Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(2), 213-230.
  • Dam, M. M., Karakaya, E., & Bulut, Ş. (2014). Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi ve Türkiye: Ampirik Bir Analiz. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Eyi Özel Sayısı, 85-96.
  • Dean, J. M. (1999). Testing the impact of trade liberalization on the environment: theory and evidence, P. Fredriksson, (Ed.) Trade, global policy and the environment. (55–63.ss) Washington, D.C.: World Bank
  • Dickey, D. A., and Fuller, W. A. (1981). Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root, Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society,49(4), 1057-1072.
  • Dinda, S.(2004), “Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: A Survey”, Ecological Economics Vol. 49, pp. 431– 455.
  • Feridun, M., Ayadi, F. S. ve Balouga, J. (2006). Impact of trade liberalization on the environment in developing countries The case of Nigeria. Journal of Developing Societies, 22(1), 39-56.
  • Fodha, M., & Zaghdoud, O. (2010). Economic growth and pollutant emissions in Tunisia: an empirical analysis of the environmental Kuznets curve. Energy Policy, 38(2), 1150-1156.
  • Fotros, M. H. ve Maaboudi, R. (2011). Trade openness and CO2 emissions in Iran, 1971-2008. International Journal of Business and Development Studies, 3(1), 73-84.
  • Grossman, G. M. ve Krueger, A. B. (1993). Environmental Impacts of a North American Free Trade Agreement. The US- Mexico Free Trade Agreement (ss. 13-56)
  • Grossman, G. M., Krueger, A. B. (1991), “Economic growth and the environment”, The quarterly journal of economics, Vol. 110, pp. 353-377.
  • Gu, Z., Gao, Y., ve Li, C. (2013). An empirical research on trade liberalization and CO2 emissions in China, International Conference on Education Technology and Information System (ICETIS 2013) içinde (243-246 ss.). Atlantis Press.
  • Halicioglu, F. (2009). An econometric study of CO2 emissions, energy consumption, income and foreign trade in Turkey. Energy Policy, 37(3), 1156-1164.
  • He, J., & Richard, P. (2010). Environmental Kuznets curve for CO2 in Canada. Ecological Economics, 69(5), 1083-1093.
  • Jalil, Abdul and F. Mahmud Syed (2009) “Environment Kuznets curve for CO2 emissions: A cointegration analysis for China”, Energy Policy, Volume 37, Issue 12, Pages 5167– 5172
  • Khalid, Ahmed (2014),"Environmental Kuznets curve for CO2 emission in Mongolia: an empirical analysis", Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, Vol. 25 Iss 4 pp. 505 – 516
  • Kuznets, S. (1955). Economic growth and income inequality. The American economic review, 1-28.
  • Lau, L.-S., Choong, C.-K. And Eng, Y.-K. (2014), “Investigation of the environmental Kuznets Curve for carbon emissions in Malaysia: Do foreign direct investment and trade matter?”, Energy Policy, Vol. 68, pp. 490–497
  • Long, X., Naminse, E. Y., Du, J., & Zhuang, J. (2015). Nonrenewable energy, renewable energy, carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth in China from 1952 to 2012.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 52, 680-688.
  • Managi, S., & Jena, P. R. (2008). Environmental productivity and Kuznets curve in India. Ecological Economics, 65(2), 432-440.
  • Matlon, P. J., & Spencer, D. S. (1984). Increasing food production in Sub-Saharan Africa: Environmental problems and inadequate technological solutions. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 66(5), 671-676.
  • Naranpanawa, A. (2010). Does trade openness promote carbon emissions? Empirical evidence from Sri Lanka. The Empirical Economics Letters, 10(10), 973-986.
  • Nkoro, E., & Uko, A. K. (2016). Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration technique: application and interpretation.Journal of Statistical and Econometric Methods, 5(4), 63-91.
  • Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. P. (1999). Pooled mean group estimation of dynamic heterogeneous panels. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 94(446), 621-634.
  • Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y. and Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships. Journal of applied econometrics, 16(3), 289-326.
  • Phillips, P. C., & Perron, P. (1988). Testing for a unit root in time series regression. Biometrika, 75(2), 335-346.
  • Rahman, M. Z. (2013). Relationship between trade openness and carbon emission: a case of Bangladesh. Journal of Empirical Economics, 1(4), 126-134.
  • Revelle, R., ve Suess, H. E. (1957). Carbon dioxide exchange between atmosphere and ocean and the question of an increase of atmospheric CO2 during the past decades. Tellus, 9(1), 18-27.
  • Salam, S., Sattar, A. ve Gilani, S. W. (2015). An empirical research on trade libralization and Co2 emission in Pakistan. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development 6(9), 39-46.
  • Seers, D. (1969). The meaning of development. New Delhi, 3.Taylor, M. S. (2003). Trade, Development and the Environment. http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1005&context=taylor
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Burcu Yılmaz Şahin 0000-0002-2520-7804

Halit Levent Orman 0000-0002-9225-1223

Servet Ceylan 0000-0001-7475-8322

Publication Date December 15, 2019
Submission Date July 19, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019

Cite

APA Yılmaz Şahin, B., Orman, H. L., & Ceylan, S. (2019). DIŞA AÇIKLIK VE ÇEVRESEL KİRLİLİK İLİŞKİSİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 28(3), 12-23. https://doi.org/10.35379/cusosbil.594489