ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
Our journal’s ethical principles and publication policy have been developed in accordance with the guidelines and policies published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

1. General Acts Contrary to Scientific Research and Publication Ethics:
a) Plagiarism: Presenting partially or entirely one's own work without proper attribution to the original ideas, methods, data, or works of others in accordance with scientific standards,
b) Fabrication: Using non-existent or falsified data in scientific research,
c) Falsification: Distorting research records or obtained data, falsely representing the use of devices or materials not used in the research, distorting or shaping research results in accordance with the interests of the supporting individuals and organizations,
d) Redundant Publication: Presenting redundant publications as separate publications in academic appointments and promotions,
e) Slicing: Dividing the results of a research into inappropriate and fragmented parts in a manner that disrupts the integrity of the research, and publishing them in multiple instances, presenting these publications as separate entities for academic appointments and promotions,
f) Unfair Authorship: Including individuals who have not made an active contribution among the authors or excluding those who have, unjustifiably and inappropriately changing the order of authors, removing the names of those who have made active contributions from subsequent editions of the work, including one's name among the authors through the misuse of influence despite lack of active contribution,

2. Other types of ethical violations include:
a) Failing to acknowledge the individuals, institutions, or organisations that provided support for research conducted with such support, or failing to acknowledge their contributions in publications resulting from such research,
b) Using theses or studies that have not yet been submitted or defended and accepted as a source without the permission of the owner,
c) Sharing information contained in a work assigned for review with others prior to publication without the express permission of the author,
ç) Using resources, premises, facilities, and equipment provided or allocated for scientific research for purposes other than those intended,
d) Making unfounded, inappropriate, and deliberate allegations of ethical violations,
e) Publishing data obtained without the explicit consent of participants in surveys and attitude studies conducted as part of scientific work, or without the additional permission of the institution if the research is to be conducted at an institution,
f) Failure to comply with the obligation to inform and warn those concerned about possible harmful practices related to scientific research conducted by researchers and officials,
g) In scientific studies, failing to use data and information obtained from other persons and institutions to the extent and in the manner authorised, failing to respect the confidentiality of this information and failing to ensure its protection,
h) Making false or misleading statements regarding scientific research and publications in academic appointments and promotions,

Principles of Research Ethics
• In the stages of designing research processes, establishing the methodological framework, conducting ethical evaluations, and carrying out research activities, scientific integrity, a holistic approach, quality, and transparency must serve as the foundation. All stages of the research must be systematically documented and made available for review when necessary.
• The research team and individuals participating in the study must be informed in a clear, understandable, and comprehensive manner about the research’s purpose, scope, methodology, data collection techniques, analysis processes, and the intended uses of the findings. Participants must be clearly informed about the responsibilities, potential risks, and expected contributions associated with participating in the research.
• The confidentiality of all data obtained from participants must be protected; necessary technical and administrative measures must be taken to prevent the disclosure of identifying information. The principles of anonymity and privacy must be upheld, and data processing procedures must comply with applicable data protection legislation. The research design must be structured to safeguard individuals’ autonomy, human dignity, and fundamental rights.
• Participation in research must be entirely voluntary; participants must not be subjected to any form of pressure, coercion, or expectation of benefit. It must be clearly stated that participants have the right to withdraw from the study at any stage without facing any penalties or adverse consequences.
• All necessary measures must be taken to ensure that participants do not suffer physical, psychological, social, or economic harm during the research process. In this context, a risk assessment must be conducted in advance, and the research must be planned to minimize potential harm. In particular, when children, individuals with disabilities, or those with limited decision-making capacity are involved, consent must be obtained from legal guardians, and approval from the relevant ethics committees must be secured.
• Researchers are obligated to maintain their scientific independence. Any potential conflicts of interest that could influence the study design, data analysis, or results must be disclosed in a clear and transparent manner. Additionally, financial support, sponsorships, and institutional relationships related to the research must be clearly stated.
• If the research is conducted within a public institution, private organization, or university, the necessary official permissions must be obtained from the relevant institutions; where deemed necessary, the process must be conducted within this framework after obtaining ethics committee approval.

Responsibilities of Stakeholders

Authors
• The work must be original and unique.
• The article must not be submitted simultaneously to other journals for publication, nor should it have been previously published.
• Other authors listed in the article must have contributed to the research. Listing individuals who have not made an academic contribution as authors, or arranging the author order based on non-scientific criteria such as title, age, or gender without regard to the extent of their contribution, is contrary to scientific ethics.
• Authors submitting manuscripts to the journal are presumed to have read and accepted the journal’s publication and writing guidelines, and are deemed to have committed to fulfilling the expectations outlined in these guidelines.
• Authors must properly cite the sources they have used in writing the article in accordance with ethical principles.
• Authors must take into account the COPE principles and the Guidelines on Scientific Research and Publication Ethics specified by the Council of Higher Education.

Reviewers
• Reviewers must conduct their evaluations with the awareness that they are responsible for determining the academic quality of articles to be published in the journal and with a commitment to enhancing academic quality.
• Reviewers should only accept to review articles if they possess expertise in the subject matter, can adhere to the double-blind peer review process, and can maintain the confidentiality of all details regarding the article at all times. Even after the review process is complete, no information regarding the reviewed article should be shared with others under any circumstances.
• Reviewers should evaluate only the accuracy of the article’s content and its compliance with academic standards. The fact that the ideas presented in the article differ from the reviewer’s personal views should not influence the evaluation. Review reports must be objective and measured. Insulting, derogatory, and accusatory language must be strictly avoided.
• Reviewers should avoid superficial and vague statements in their evaluation reports. In cases of negative evaluations, the specific deficiencies and errors upon which the conclusion is based must be clearly identified.
• Reviewers must evaluate manuscripts within the timeframe allotted to them. If they are unable to conduct the review, they must notify the appropriate authorities within a reasonable timeframe.

Editor and Editorial Board
• Editors must accept for the review process manuscripts that contribute to the relevant fields specified in the journal’s policy.
• Editors must not have any conflict of interest or financial relationship with the authors of accepted or rejected articles.
• It is the editors’ responsibility to ensure the mutual anonymity of reviewers and authors.
• Editors must make every effort to review the plagiarism screening reports of articles submitted for publication to prevent academic misconduct.
• It is the editors’ duty to ensure that the processes of initial review, peer review, editing, and publication of articles submitted to the journal are completed in a timely and proper manner.
• When accepting articles for the journal, editors must prioritize academic concerns and standards.
• Editors strive to meet the information needs of reviewers, authors, and researchers, and to act in accordance with the principles of transparency regarding issues requiring correction or clarification during the publication process.
• Editors actively seek to ensure that the pool of reviewers is diverse and continuously updated.

Relations with the Journal Owner and Publisher
The relationship between the editor and the publisher is based on the principle of editorial independence. In accordance with the formal agreement between the parties, the editor makes all decisions regarding the review and publication processes independently, without any external influence. The publisher or journal owner may not interfere with editorial decisions.

Corrections, Retractions, and Statements of Concern
Different procedures may apply depending on the nature of errors identified in published works. For minor errors that do not affect the core findings and conclusions of the research, a correction may be published. Conversely, if there are serious errors or ethical violations that undermine the scientific validity of the work, retraction of the article may be considered.
In cases that raise concerns but have not yet been confirmed, a “statement of concern” may be published.

Protection of Intellectual Property Rights
Our journal ensures the protection of intellectual property rights for all published works. In the event of potential infringement, necessary administrative and legal procedures are initiated to protect the rights of both the journal and the authors.

Protection of Personal Data
All personal data submitted to the journal is processed and protected in accordance with relevant legislation and ethical standards. Data security and confidentiality are among our top priorities.

Reports of Ethical Violations
If a situation contrary to ethical principles involving editors, reviewers, or authors is identified, or if an ethical issue arises during the review process, in the preprint stage, or regarding a published article, a report may be submitted by sending an email to arapcailmidergi@diyanet.gov.tr.

Author Changes
Requests for changes to the list of authors are considered only prior to the article’s acceptance. Authors must carefully determine the author list and order before submitting the article and upload the final version to the system.

Conflicts of Interest
Authors are required to disclose all potential conflicts of interest—whether institutional, financial, personal, or academic—in a clear and transparent manner at the time of manuscript submission.
If reviewers identify any situation (institutional, financial, personal, or academic) that could lead to a conflict of interest during the review process, they must notify the editor and recuse themselves from the review of the relevant article.
To prevent potential conflicts of interest, the journal ensures that reviewers and authors do not work at the same institution.
To prevent conflicts of interest in manuscripts submitted by members of the journal’s editorial board, access to and responsibilities regarding the journal’s editorial processes for such members are temporarily suspended until the review process for the relevant manuscript is completed.
Editors do not participate in editorial decision-making processes regarding works prepared by themselves or their first-degree relatives; in such cases, the review process is conducted by independent editors.

Compliance with COPE Principles
The Diyanet Arabic Scientific Journal commits to addressing all potential ethical violations encountered during the publication process in accordance with COPE flowcharts.
In this context:
Plagiarism: If plagiarism is detected in submitted or published works, COPE’s relevant plagiarism flowcharts (1–2) will be applied.
Correction/Retraction/Concern Report: In cases of scientific errors or suspected ethical violations, correction, retraction, or concern report processes are conducted in accordance with COPE principles (1–2–3–4–5–6).
Ethical Reports: All reports of ethical violations are reviewed within the framework of COPE’s complaint and ethical review processes (1–2).
Conflicts of Interest: Potential conflicts of interest are assessed in accordance with COPE principles, with transparency as the guiding principle (1–2).
Author Changes: Changes to authorship are made only in accordance with COPE’s authorship workflow diagrams and after obtaining the necessary approvals (1-2-3-4-5).