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SOME VARIABLES PREDICTING THE CULTURAL SENSITIVITY IN COUNSELOR CANDIDATES

Year 2017, Issue: 43, 64 - 77, 30.06.2017

Abstract



































In this study, examining the roles of empathy, Big Five
personality traits and gender role attitudes in predicting cultural sensitivity
was aimed. The sample of the study consists of 412 counseling students. As data
collection tools, Demographic Data Form, Intercultural Sensitivity Scale,
Interpersonal Reactivity Index, Adjective Based Personality Scale and Gender
Role Attitudes Scale were used. Collected data were analyzed through SPSS 15.0
software. In the data analysis, multiple linear regression analysis was used.
The results of the study showed that emotional imbalance/neuroticism and
openness to experience dimensions of personality, affective empathy, cognitive
empathy and gender role attitude were significant predictors of cultural
sensitivity. These results were discussed in line with the relevant literature
and some recommendations were given.



References

  • Bacanlı, H., İlhan, T., ve Aslan, S. (2009). Beş faktör kuramına dayalı bir kişilik ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi: Sıfatlara dayalı kişilik testi (SDKT). Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2), 261-279.
  • Bäckström, M., & Björklund, F. (2007). Structural modeling of generalized prejudice: The role of social dominance, authoritarianism, and empathy. Journal of Individual Differences, 28(1), 10-17.
  • Bektaş, Y. (2006). Kültüre duyarlı psikolojik danışma yeterlilikleri ve psikolojik danışman eğitimindeki yeri. Ege Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(7), 43-59.
  • Bennett, M. J. (2004). Becoming interculturally competent. In J. Wurzel (Ed.), Toward multiculturalism: A reader in multicultural education (pp. 62-77). Newton, MA: Intercultural Resource Corporation.
  • Bennett, J. M., & Bennett, M. J. (2004). Developing intercultural sensitivity: An integrative approach to global and domestic diversity. Retrieved February 20, 2013 from http://www.diversitycollegium.org/pdf2001/2001Bennettspaper.pdf.
  • Bhawuk, D., & Brislin, R. (2000). Cross‐cultural training: A review. Applied Psychology, 49(1), 162-191.
  • Black, B., Oles, T. P., & Moore, L. (1998). The relationship between attitudes: Homophobia and sexism among social work students. Affilia, 13(2), 166-189.
  • Brinson, J. A (1996). Cultural sensitivity for counselors: Our challenge for the twenty-first century. Journal of Humanistic Education and Development, 34(4), 195-206.
  • Bulduk, S., Tosun, H., ve Ardıç, E. (2011). Türkçe kültürler arası duyarlılık ölçeğinin hemşirelik öğrencilerinde ölçümsel özellikleri. Türkiye Klinikleri Tıp Etiği-Hukuku Tarihi Dergisi, 19(1), 25-31.
  • Burger, J. M. (2010). Kişilik (İ. D. Erguvan Sarıoğlu Çev.). İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Chen, G., & Starosta, W. J. (1997). A review of the concept of intercultural sensitivity. Human Communication, 1, 1-16.
  • Chao, R. C. L., & Nath, S. R. (2011). The role of ethnic identity, gender roles, and multicultural training in college counselors' multicultural counseling competence: A mediation model. Journal of College Counseling, 14(1), 50-64.
  • Chao, R. C., Wei, M., Good, G., & Flores, L. Y. (2011). Race/Ethnicity, color blind racial attitudes, and multicultural counseling competence: The moderating effects of multicultural counseling training. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58(1), 72-82.
  • Chao, R. C. L. (2012). Racial/ethnic identity, gender‐role attitudes, and multicultural counseling competence: The role of multicultural counseling training. Journal of Counseling & Development, 90(1), 35-44.
  • Chao, R. C. L. (2013). Race/ethnicity and multicultural competence among school counselors: Multicultural training, racial/ethnic identity, and color‐blind racial attitudes. Journal of Counseling and Development, 91(2), 140-151. Constantine, M. G. (2000). Social desirability attitudes, sex and affective and cognitive emphaty as predictors of self-reported multicultural counseling competence. The Counseling Psychologist, 28(6), 857-872.
  • Constantine, M. G. (2001). Multicultural tarining, theoretical orientation, emphaty and multicultural case conceptualization ability in counselors. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 23(4), 357-372.
  • Constantine, M. G. (2002). Predictors of satisfaction with counseling: Racial and ethnic minority client's attitudes towards counseling and ratings of their counselor's general and multicultural competence. Journal of Counseling Psychology,49(2), 255-263.
  • D'Andrea, M. (2000). Postmodernism, constructivism, and multiculturalism: Three forces reshaping and expanding our thoughts about counseling. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 22(1), 1-16.
  • Davis, M. H. (1983). Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(1), 113-126.
  • Dökmen, Z. (2009). Toplumsal cinsiyet: Sosyal psikolojik açıklamalar. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Egan, G. (2010). Psikolojik danışma becerileri (Ö. Yüksel Çev.). İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Ekehammar, B., & Akrami, N. (2003). The relation between personality and prejudice: a variable‐and a person‐centred approach. European Journal of Personality, 17(6), 449-464.
  • Ekehammar, B., Akrami, N., Gylje, M., & Zakrisson, I. (2004). What matters most to prejudice: Big Five personality, Social Dominance Orientation, or Right‐Wing Authoritarianism? European Journal of Personality, 18(6), 463-482.
  • Ekehammar, B., & Akrami, N. (2007). Personality and prejudice: From Big Five personality factors to facets. Journal of Personality, 75(5), 899-926.
  • Engeler, A., ve Yargıç, L. İ. (2007). Kişilerarası tepkisellik indeksi: Empatinin çok boyutlu ölçümü. Yeni Symposium Dergisi, 45, 119-127.
  • Flynn, F. J. (2005). Having an open mind: the impact of openness to experience on interracial attitudes and impression formation. Journal of personality and social psychology, 88(5),816-826.
  • Foronda, C. L. (2008). A concept analysis of cultural sensitivity. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 19(3), 207-212.
  • Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Fuertes, J. N., & Brobst, K. (2002). Clients' ratings of counselor multicultural competency. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 8(3), 214-223.
  • Garcia, M. H. (1995). An anthropological approach to multicultural diversity training. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 31(4), 490-504.
  • Hackney, H., & Cormier, S.(2008). Psikolojik danışma ilke ve teknikleri (T. Ergene ve S. Aydemir Çev.) Ankara: Mentis Kitabevi.
  • Jensen-Campbell, L. A., & Malcolm, K. T. (2007). The importance of conscientiousness in adolescent interpersonal relationships. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33(3), 368-383.
  • Karaırmak, Ö., ve Aydın, G. (2007). Yapılandırmacı yaklaşım: Çağdaş psikolojik danışma anlayışını ve uygulamalarını biçimlendiren bir güç. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 3(27), 91-108.
  • Katz, A. D., & Hoyt, W. T. (2014). The influence of multicultural counseling competence and anti-Black prejudice on therapists' outcome expectancies. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 61(2), 299-305.
  • Kim, B. S. K., & Lyons, H. Z. (2003). Experiental activities and multicultural counseling competence training. Journal of Counseling and Development, 81, 400-408.
  • Kurtz, J. E., & Sherker, J. L. (2003). Relationship quality, trait similarity, and self‐other agreement on personality ratings in college roommates. Journal of personality, 71(1), 21-48.
  • McBride, R. G., & Hays, D. G. (2012). Counselor demographics, ageist attitudes, and multicultural counseling competence among counselors and counselor trainees. Adultspan Journal, 11(2), 77-88.
  • McRae, R. R., & Costa, P.T. (1996). Toward a new generation of personality theories: Theoretical contexts for the five-factor model. In J. S. Wiggins (Ed.). The five factor model of personality: Theoretical perspectives (pp.51-87). New York: Guilford.
  • McRae, R. R., & Costa, P.T. (2008). The five factor theory of personality. In O. P. John, R. W. Robins & L. A. Pervin (Eds.). Handbook of personality: Theory and research (pp.159-182). New York: Guilford.
  • Nezlek, J. B., Schütz, A., Schröder‐Abé, M., & Smith, C. V. (2011). A cross‐cultural study of relationships between daily social interaction and the Five‐Factor Model of personality. Journal of personality, 79(4), 811-840.
  • Pdr. (1989). Türkiye'de Psikolojik Danışma Hizmetlerinin Dünü, Bugünü ve Yarını. 01.01.2012 tarihinde http://www.pdr.org.tr/upload/pdralaninintarihcesi.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Pedersen, P. B., & Ivey, A. (1993). Culture-centered counseling and interviewing skills: A practical guide. Connectiut: Proeger Publishers.
  • Pedersen, P. B. (1997). Culture-centered counseling interventions: Striving for accuracy. California: Sage Publications.
  • Pusch, M. (2004). Intercultural training in historical perspective. In D. Landis, J. Bennett and M. Bennett (Eds.), Handbook of intercultural training (pp. 13-36). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
  • Reynolds, A. L., & Rivera, L. M. (2012). The relationship between personal characteristics, multicultural attitudes, and self-reported multicultural competence of graduate students. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 6(3), 167-173.
  • Ridley, C. R., Mendoza, D. W., Kanitz, B. E., Angermeier, L., & R. Zenk (1994). Cultural sensitivity in multicultural counseling: A perceptual schema model. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41(2), 125-136.
  • Sibley, C. G., & Duckitt, J. (2008). Personality and prejudice: A meta-analysis and theoretical review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 12(3), 248-279.
  • Sibley, C. G., Osborne, D., & Duckitt, J. (2012). Personality and political orientation: Metaanalysis and test of a Threat-Constraint Model. Journal of Research in Personality, 46(6), 664-677.
  • Sidanius, J. (1993). The interface between racism and sexism. The Journal of Psychology, 127(3), 311-322.
  • Stracuzzi, T. I., Mohr, J. J., & Fuertes, J. N. (2011). Gay and bisexual male clients' perceptions of counseling: The role of perceived sexual orientation similarity and counselor universaldiverse orientation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58(3), 299-309.
  • Sue, D. W., Arredondo, P., & McDavis, R. J. (1992). Multicultural counseling competencies and standards: A call to profession. Journal of Counseling and Development, 70(4), 477-486.
  • Sue, D. W., Carter, R. T., Casas, J. M., Fouad, N. A., Ivey, A. E. , Jensen, M., et al. (1998). Multicultural counseling competencies: Individual and organizational development. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
  • Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. (2008). Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and practice. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Thompson, R. L., Brossart, D. F., Carlozzi, A. F., & Miville, M. L. (2002). Five-factor model (Big Five) personality traits and universal-diverse orientation in counselor trainees. The journal of Psychology, 136(5), 561-572.
  • Turner, R. N., Dhont, K., Hewstone, M., Prestwich, A., & Vonofakou, C. (2014). The Role of Personality Factors in the Reduction of Intergroup Anxiety and Amelioration of Outgroup Attitudes via Intergroup Contact. European Journal of Personality, 28(2), 180-192.
  • Unruh, L. E., & McCord, D. M. (2010). Personality traits and beliefs about diversity in preservice teachers. Individual Differences Research, 8(1), 1-7.
  • Vasquez, M. J. T. (2007). Cultural difference and the therapeutic alliance: An evidence-based analysis. American Psychologist, 62(8), 878-885.
  • Wang, S., & Kim, B. S. K. (2010). Therapist multicultural competence, Asian-American participants' cultural values and counseling process. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 57(4), 394-401.

PSİKOLOJİK DANIŞMAN ADAYLARINDA KÜLTÜREL DUYARLILIĞI YORDAYAN BAZI DEĞİŞKENLER

Year 2017, Issue: 43, 64 - 77, 30.06.2017

Abstract












Bu araştırmada psikolojik danışman adaylarının kültürel
duyarlılıklarını yordamada empati, toplumsal cinsiyet rolü tutumu ve beş faktör
kişilik özelliklerinin rolünün incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışma grubunu 412
Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık lisans öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Veri
toplama aracı olarak “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Kişilerarası Tepkisellik İndeksi”,
“Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolü Tutum Ölçeği”, “Sıfatlara Dayalı Kişilik Testi” ve
“Kültürlerarası Duyarlılık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 15.0 programı
ile analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi
istatistiksel tekniğinden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları bilişsel
empati, duygusal empati, toplumsal cinsiyet rolü tutumu ve kişilik
boyutlarından duygusal dengesizlik/nörotisizm ve deneyime açıklığın kültürel
duyarlılığın anlamlı birer yordayıcısı olduğunu göstermektedir. Bulgular ilgili
literatürle ilintili olarak tartışılmış ve bazı öneriler sunulmuştur. 



References

  • Bacanlı, H., İlhan, T., ve Aslan, S. (2009). Beş faktör kuramına dayalı bir kişilik ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi: Sıfatlara dayalı kişilik testi (SDKT). Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2), 261-279.
  • Bäckström, M., & Björklund, F. (2007). Structural modeling of generalized prejudice: The role of social dominance, authoritarianism, and empathy. Journal of Individual Differences, 28(1), 10-17.
  • Bektaş, Y. (2006). Kültüre duyarlı psikolojik danışma yeterlilikleri ve psikolojik danışman eğitimindeki yeri. Ege Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(7), 43-59.
  • Bennett, M. J. (2004). Becoming interculturally competent. In J. Wurzel (Ed.), Toward multiculturalism: A reader in multicultural education (pp. 62-77). Newton, MA: Intercultural Resource Corporation.
  • Bennett, J. M., & Bennett, M. J. (2004). Developing intercultural sensitivity: An integrative approach to global and domestic diversity. Retrieved February 20, 2013 from http://www.diversitycollegium.org/pdf2001/2001Bennettspaper.pdf.
  • Bhawuk, D., & Brislin, R. (2000). Cross‐cultural training: A review. Applied Psychology, 49(1), 162-191.
  • Black, B., Oles, T. P., & Moore, L. (1998). The relationship between attitudes: Homophobia and sexism among social work students. Affilia, 13(2), 166-189.
  • Brinson, J. A (1996). Cultural sensitivity for counselors: Our challenge for the twenty-first century. Journal of Humanistic Education and Development, 34(4), 195-206.
  • Bulduk, S., Tosun, H., ve Ardıç, E. (2011). Türkçe kültürler arası duyarlılık ölçeğinin hemşirelik öğrencilerinde ölçümsel özellikleri. Türkiye Klinikleri Tıp Etiği-Hukuku Tarihi Dergisi, 19(1), 25-31.
  • Burger, J. M. (2010). Kişilik (İ. D. Erguvan Sarıoğlu Çev.). İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Chen, G., & Starosta, W. J. (1997). A review of the concept of intercultural sensitivity. Human Communication, 1, 1-16.
  • Chao, R. C. L., & Nath, S. R. (2011). The role of ethnic identity, gender roles, and multicultural training in college counselors' multicultural counseling competence: A mediation model. Journal of College Counseling, 14(1), 50-64.
  • Chao, R. C., Wei, M., Good, G., & Flores, L. Y. (2011). Race/Ethnicity, color blind racial attitudes, and multicultural counseling competence: The moderating effects of multicultural counseling training. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58(1), 72-82.
  • Chao, R. C. L. (2012). Racial/ethnic identity, gender‐role attitudes, and multicultural counseling competence: The role of multicultural counseling training. Journal of Counseling & Development, 90(1), 35-44.
  • Chao, R. C. L. (2013). Race/ethnicity and multicultural competence among school counselors: Multicultural training, racial/ethnic identity, and color‐blind racial attitudes. Journal of Counseling and Development, 91(2), 140-151. Constantine, M. G. (2000). Social desirability attitudes, sex and affective and cognitive emphaty as predictors of self-reported multicultural counseling competence. The Counseling Psychologist, 28(6), 857-872.
  • Constantine, M. G. (2001). Multicultural tarining, theoretical orientation, emphaty and multicultural case conceptualization ability in counselors. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 23(4), 357-372.
  • Constantine, M. G. (2002). Predictors of satisfaction with counseling: Racial and ethnic minority client's attitudes towards counseling and ratings of their counselor's general and multicultural competence. Journal of Counseling Psychology,49(2), 255-263.
  • D'Andrea, M. (2000). Postmodernism, constructivism, and multiculturalism: Three forces reshaping and expanding our thoughts about counseling. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 22(1), 1-16.
  • Davis, M. H. (1983). Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(1), 113-126.
  • Dökmen, Z. (2009). Toplumsal cinsiyet: Sosyal psikolojik açıklamalar. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Egan, G. (2010). Psikolojik danışma becerileri (Ö. Yüksel Çev.). İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Ekehammar, B., & Akrami, N. (2003). The relation between personality and prejudice: a variable‐and a person‐centred approach. European Journal of Personality, 17(6), 449-464.
  • Ekehammar, B., Akrami, N., Gylje, M., & Zakrisson, I. (2004). What matters most to prejudice: Big Five personality, Social Dominance Orientation, or Right‐Wing Authoritarianism? European Journal of Personality, 18(6), 463-482.
  • Ekehammar, B., & Akrami, N. (2007). Personality and prejudice: From Big Five personality factors to facets. Journal of Personality, 75(5), 899-926.
  • Engeler, A., ve Yargıç, L. İ. (2007). Kişilerarası tepkisellik indeksi: Empatinin çok boyutlu ölçümü. Yeni Symposium Dergisi, 45, 119-127.
  • Flynn, F. J. (2005). Having an open mind: the impact of openness to experience on interracial attitudes and impression formation. Journal of personality and social psychology, 88(5),816-826.
  • Foronda, C. L. (2008). A concept analysis of cultural sensitivity. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 19(3), 207-212.
  • Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Fuertes, J. N., & Brobst, K. (2002). Clients' ratings of counselor multicultural competency. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 8(3), 214-223.
  • Garcia, M. H. (1995). An anthropological approach to multicultural diversity training. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 31(4), 490-504.
  • Hackney, H., & Cormier, S.(2008). Psikolojik danışma ilke ve teknikleri (T. Ergene ve S. Aydemir Çev.) Ankara: Mentis Kitabevi.
  • Jensen-Campbell, L. A., & Malcolm, K. T. (2007). The importance of conscientiousness in adolescent interpersonal relationships. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33(3), 368-383.
  • Karaırmak, Ö., ve Aydın, G. (2007). Yapılandırmacı yaklaşım: Çağdaş psikolojik danışma anlayışını ve uygulamalarını biçimlendiren bir güç. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 3(27), 91-108.
  • Katz, A. D., & Hoyt, W. T. (2014). The influence of multicultural counseling competence and anti-Black prejudice on therapists' outcome expectancies. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 61(2), 299-305.
  • Kim, B. S. K., & Lyons, H. Z. (2003). Experiental activities and multicultural counseling competence training. Journal of Counseling and Development, 81, 400-408.
  • Kurtz, J. E., & Sherker, J. L. (2003). Relationship quality, trait similarity, and self‐other agreement on personality ratings in college roommates. Journal of personality, 71(1), 21-48.
  • McBride, R. G., & Hays, D. G. (2012). Counselor demographics, ageist attitudes, and multicultural counseling competence among counselors and counselor trainees. Adultspan Journal, 11(2), 77-88.
  • McRae, R. R., & Costa, P.T. (1996). Toward a new generation of personality theories: Theoretical contexts for the five-factor model. In J. S. Wiggins (Ed.). The five factor model of personality: Theoretical perspectives (pp.51-87). New York: Guilford.
  • McRae, R. R., & Costa, P.T. (2008). The five factor theory of personality. In O. P. John, R. W. Robins & L. A. Pervin (Eds.). Handbook of personality: Theory and research (pp.159-182). New York: Guilford.
  • Nezlek, J. B., Schütz, A., Schröder‐Abé, M., & Smith, C. V. (2011). A cross‐cultural study of relationships between daily social interaction and the Five‐Factor Model of personality. Journal of personality, 79(4), 811-840.
  • Pdr. (1989). Türkiye'de Psikolojik Danışma Hizmetlerinin Dünü, Bugünü ve Yarını. 01.01.2012 tarihinde http://www.pdr.org.tr/upload/pdralaninintarihcesi.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Pedersen, P. B., & Ivey, A. (1993). Culture-centered counseling and interviewing skills: A practical guide. Connectiut: Proeger Publishers.
  • Pedersen, P. B. (1997). Culture-centered counseling interventions: Striving for accuracy. California: Sage Publications.
  • Pusch, M. (2004). Intercultural training in historical perspective. In D. Landis, J. Bennett and M. Bennett (Eds.), Handbook of intercultural training (pp. 13-36). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
  • Reynolds, A. L., & Rivera, L. M. (2012). The relationship between personal characteristics, multicultural attitudes, and self-reported multicultural competence of graduate students. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 6(3), 167-173.
  • Ridley, C. R., Mendoza, D. W., Kanitz, B. E., Angermeier, L., & R. Zenk (1994). Cultural sensitivity in multicultural counseling: A perceptual schema model. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41(2), 125-136.
  • Sibley, C. G., & Duckitt, J. (2008). Personality and prejudice: A meta-analysis and theoretical review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 12(3), 248-279.
  • Sibley, C. G., Osborne, D., & Duckitt, J. (2012). Personality and political orientation: Metaanalysis and test of a Threat-Constraint Model. Journal of Research in Personality, 46(6), 664-677.
  • Sidanius, J. (1993). The interface between racism and sexism. The Journal of Psychology, 127(3), 311-322.
  • Stracuzzi, T. I., Mohr, J. J., & Fuertes, J. N. (2011). Gay and bisexual male clients' perceptions of counseling: The role of perceived sexual orientation similarity and counselor universaldiverse orientation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58(3), 299-309.
  • Sue, D. W., Arredondo, P., & McDavis, R. J. (1992). Multicultural counseling competencies and standards: A call to profession. Journal of Counseling and Development, 70(4), 477-486.
  • Sue, D. W., Carter, R. T., Casas, J. M., Fouad, N. A., Ivey, A. E. , Jensen, M., et al. (1998). Multicultural counseling competencies: Individual and organizational development. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
  • Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. (2008). Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and practice. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Thompson, R. L., Brossart, D. F., Carlozzi, A. F., & Miville, M. L. (2002). Five-factor model (Big Five) personality traits and universal-diverse orientation in counselor trainees. The journal of Psychology, 136(5), 561-572.
  • Turner, R. N., Dhont, K., Hewstone, M., Prestwich, A., & Vonofakou, C. (2014). The Role of Personality Factors in the Reduction of Intergroup Anxiety and Amelioration of Outgroup Attitudes via Intergroup Contact. European Journal of Personality, 28(2), 180-192.
  • Unruh, L. E., & McCord, D. M. (2010). Personality traits and beliefs about diversity in preservice teachers. Individual Differences Research, 8(1), 1-7.
  • Vasquez, M. J. T. (2007). Cultural difference and the therapeutic alliance: An evidence-based analysis. American Psychologist, 62(8), 878-885.
  • Wang, S., & Kim, B. S. K. (2010). Therapist multicultural competence, Asian-American participants' cultural values and counseling process. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 57(4), 394-401.
There are 58 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Studies on Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Betül Aydın

Mustafa Şahin

Publication Date June 30, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Issue: 43

Cite

APA Aydın, B., & Şahin, M. (2017). PSİKOLOJİK DANIŞMAN ADAYLARINDA KÜLTÜREL DUYARLILIĞI YORDAYAN BAZI DEĞİŞKENLER. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi(43), 64-77.