Research Article

What linguistic factors affect writing quality in L2 English writing? A multidimensional approach

Volume: 177 Number: 1 June 30, 2026
TR EN

What linguistic factors affect writing quality in L2 English writing? A multidimensional approach

Abstract

Current trends in learner corpus research indicate that integrating corpora with natural language processing (NLP) techniques can yield pedagogically more convenient results. Studies in this line of research to date have investigated writing quality in L2 English from different angles and scrutinised various linguistic features. However, only few studies have analysed different linguistic features multi- dimensionally and no study has explored the effect of various linguistic features on L2 English writing quality in the Turkish context. Building on earlier findings and considering the niche in the Turkish context, the current study uses a specialised learner corpus and NLP tools to extract linguistic features and attempts to investigate the multi-faceted linguistic factors influencing writing quality in L2. The findings suggest that certain linguistic and textual features (e.g., word2vec, academic word frequency, phrasal frequency, and grammar errors) can play an important role in writing quality in L2 English. The mixed effects model results are discussed considering previous research and usage-based linguistic models.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye

Project Number

220K289

Ethical Statement

Ankara University Ethics Committee (29/03/2021) Decision number: 3/9

References

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  7. Clandfield, L., Goldstein, B., Jones, C., & Kerr, P. (2019). Evolve: Student's Book. Cambridge University Press. Council of Europe (2020). Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment—Companion Volume. Council of Europe Publishing. https://www.coe.int/en/web/common-european-framework-reference-languages
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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Linguistic Performance Science, Computational Linguistics, Applied Linguistics and Educational Linguistics

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 30, 2026

Submission Date

January 9, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 27, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 177 Number: 1

APA
Cangır, H., Uzun, K., Can, T., Küllü, K., Oğuz, E., & Kaya, Ö. F. (2026). What linguistic factors affect writing quality in L2 English writing? A multidimensional approach. Dil Dergisi, 177(1), 61-77. https://doi.org/10.33690/dilder.1859378
AMA
1.Cangır H, Uzun K, Can T, Küllü K, Oğuz E, Kaya ÖF. What linguistic factors affect writing quality in L2 English writing? A multidimensional approach. Dil Dergisi. 2026;177(1):61-77. doi:10.33690/dilder.1859378
Chicago
Cangır, Hakan, Kutay Uzun, Taner Can, Kurtuluş Küllü, Enis Oğuz, and Ömer Faruk Kaya. 2026. “What Linguistic Factors Affect Writing Quality in L2 English Writing? A Multidimensional Approach”. Dil Dergisi 177 (1): 61-77. https://doi.org/10.33690/dilder.1859378.
EndNote
Cangır H, Uzun K, Can T, Küllü K, Oğuz E, Kaya ÖF (June 1, 2026) What linguistic factors affect writing quality in L2 English writing? A multidimensional approach. Dil Dergisi 177 1 61–77.
IEEE
[1]H. Cangır, K. Uzun, T. Can, K. Küllü, E. Oğuz, and Ö. F. Kaya, “What linguistic factors affect writing quality in L2 English writing? A multidimensional approach”, Dil Dergisi, vol. 177, no. 1, pp. 61–77, June 2026, doi: 10.33690/dilder.1859378.
ISNAD
Cangır, Hakan - Uzun, Kutay - Can, Taner - Küllü, Kurtuluş - Oğuz, Enis - Kaya, Ömer Faruk. “What Linguistic Factors Affect Writing Quality in L2 English Writing? A Multidimensional Approach”. Dil Dergisi 177/1 (June 1, 2026): 61-77. https://doi.org/10.33690/dilder.1859378.
JAMA
1.Cangır H, Uzun K, Can T, Küllü K, Oğuz E, Kaya ÖF. What linguistic factors affect writing quality in L2 English writing? A multidimensional approach. Dil Dergisi. 2026;177:61–77.
MLA
Cangır, Hakan, et al. “What Linguistic Factors Affect Writing Quality in L2 English Writing? A Multidimensional Approach”. Dil Dergisi, vol. 177, no. 1, June 2026, pp. 61-77, doi:10.33690/dilder.1859378.
Vancouver
1.Hakan Cangır, Kutay Uzun, Taner Can, Kurtuluş Küllü, Enis Oğuz, Ömer Faruk Kaya. What linguistic factors affect writing quality in L2 English writing? A multidimensional approach. Dil Dergisi. 2026 Jun. 1;177(1):61-77. doi:10.33690/dilder.1859378