Research Article
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ATTITUDE RESOURCES IN TURKISH ACADEMIC BOOK REVIEWS

Year 2025, Volume: 176 Issue: 1, 80 - 102, 01.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.33690/dilder.1598361

Abstract

Book reviews play a significant role in facilitating academic communication and constructing scientific knowledge (Hyland, 2000). As texts that explicitly evaluate books, incorporating both praise and critique, book reviews are crucial in identifying discipline-specific values and interpersonal communication strategies, thereby serving as an important source in academic discourse (Miranda, 1996).
This study, grounded in scientific discourse, aims to explore the types of attitude resources utilized in expressions of praise and critique in Turkish academic book reviews within the fields of Social Sciences and Natural Sciences. By doing so, the study seeks to uncover the discourse habits and preferred attitudes of academic writers across different disciplines. To date, Turkish academic research has largely focused on research articles, leaving book reviews underexplored. This study endeavors to fill this gap by examining Turkish book reviews within the framework of scientific discourse, with the aim of contributing to an understanding of the evaluative criteria employed in these reviews, an area that has not yet been sufficiently addressed in Turkish academic literature.
The theoretical framework of the study is based on Martin and White’s (2005) Appraisal Theory. Appraisal Theory examines interpersonal meaning in texts through three key domains of evaluation: engagement, attitude, and graduation. This study focuses on the use of attitude resources in Turkish academic book reviews.
The corpus of the study consists of 30 book reviews published between 2000 and 2018 in the fields of Social Sciences (Linguistics, History, Turkish Language and Literature) and Natural Sciences (Science Education, Statistics, Mathematics) selected through a random sampling method. A content analysis method based on text analysis was employed in the study. The book reviews in the fields of Social Sciences and Natural Sciences were compared to evaluate field-dependent differences.
The findings indicate that positive appreciation resources dominate Turkish academic book reviews, whereas judgment and affect resources are used in a limited manner. In terms of the fields, in the Social Sciences, affective expressions are scarcely employed, judgment resources contain only positive evaluations, and appreciation resources are predominantly positive. In the Natural Sciences, affective expressions are positive, judgment resources are absent, and appreciation resources exhibit a largely positive distribution. This suggests that the texts predominantly employ a language of praise, with a lack of critical perspective.

References

  • Agudelo, J. C. (2016). Genre analysis of book reviews in English and Spanish: a look at rhetorical moves and appraisal (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Universiat Autonoma de Barcelona.
  • Ahmadi, N. (2014). Recognizing attitude and polarity of words in review texts: An analysis of English soft and hard disciplines. International Journal of Language Learning and Applied Linguistics World, 5(3), 342–350.
  • Bal Gezegin, B. (2015). Book review genre in academic writing: A comparative study of English and Turkish across ten disciplines (Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi). Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Bal Gezegin, B. (2016). A corpus-based investigation of metadiscourse in academic book reviews. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 232, 713–718.
  • Bal Gezegin, B., ve Baş, M. (2020). Metadiscourse in academic writing: A comparison of research articles and book reviews. Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 6(1), 45-62.
  • Bal Gezegin, B., ve Işık Güler, H. (2017). Appraisal in academic book reviews. Ç. Hatipoğlu, E. Y. Akbaş, ve A. Bayyurt (Ed.), Metadiscourse in written genres: Uncovering textual and interactional aspects of texts içinde (ss. 175–200). Frankfurt: Peter Lang.
  • Cheng, C. (2014). A contrastive study of English and Chinese book reviews on linguistics: Perspective of attitudinal meanings. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 4(5), 1009–1016.
  • Çakır Sarı, H. (2020). Türkçe akademik kitap tanıtım yazılarının hamle yapılanması. Uçar, A., İbe Akcan, P., Çetintaş Yıldırım, F. (Editörler). Dilbilimde Güncel Tartışmalar içinde (ss.67-76). Ankara: Dilbilim Derneği Yayınları.
  • De Carvalho, G. (2002). Rhetorical patterns of academic book reviews written in Portuguese and in English. L. Iglesias Rábade, S. M. Doval Suárez, & M. de los Á. Gómez González (Ed.), Studies in contrastive linguistics: Proceedings of the 2nd International Contrastive Linguistics Conference Santiago de Compostela içinde (ss. 261–268). Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela.
  • Etayve, A. S. (2017). A genre-based study of Arabic academic book reviews across soft disciplines: Rhetorical structure and potential variations. Linguistica ONLINE, 19, 23–45. http://www.phil.muni.cz/linguistica/art/etaywe/eta-001.pdf
  • Gea Valor, M. L. (2000). A pragmatic approach to politeness and modality in the book review articles. SELL Monographs. Lengua Inglesa. Valencia: Universitat de València.
  • Gea Valor, M. L. (2004). A pragmatic approach to politeness and modality in the book review. Vol. 6: Studies in English Language and Linguistics. Valencia: Universidad de Valencia.
  • Giannoni, D. S. (2006). Expressing praise and criticism in economic discourse: A comparative analysis of English and Italian book reviews. G. del Lungo Camiciotti, M. Dossena & B. Crawford Camiciottoli (Ed.), Variation in Business and Economics Discourse. Diachronic and Genre Perspectives içinde (ss. 126-138). Rome: Officina Edizioni.
  • Halliday, M. A. K. (1994). An introduction to functional grammar. London: E. Arnold.
  • Hashemi, A., Mahdavirad, F., ve Mazdayasna, G. (2021). Appraisal resources in book reviews: A study of cross-gender variations. Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning, 13(28), 127–146.
  • Hyland, K. (2000). Praise and criticism: Interactions in book reviews. K. Hyland (Ed.), Disciplinary discourses: Social interactions in academic writing içinde (ss. 41–62). London: Longman.
  • Hyland, K. (2004). Disciplinary discourses: Social interactions in academic writing. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
  • Lindholm-Romantschuk, Y. (1998). Scholarly book reviewing in the social sciences and humanities. London: Greenwood Press.
  • Martin, J. R., ve White, P. R. R. (2005). The language of evaluation: Appraisal in English. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Miranda, E. (1996). On book reviewing. Journal of Educational Thought, 30(2), 191–202.
  • Moreno, A. I., ve Suárez, L. (2008). A study of critical attitude across English and Spanish academic book reviews. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 7(1), 15–26.
  • Moreno, A. I., ve Suárez, L. (2009). Academic book reviews in English and Spanish: Critical comments and rhetorical structure. K. Hyland & G. Diani (Ed.), Academic evaluation: Review genres in university settings içinde (ss. 167–182). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Motta-Roth, D. (1995). Rhetorical features and disciplinary cultures: A genre-based study of academic book reviews in linguistics, chemistry, and economics (Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi). Florianópolis, UFSC.
  • Motta-Roth, D. (1996). Same genre, different discipline: A genre-based study of book reviews in academe. The ESP, 17(2), 99–131.
  • Motta-Roth, D. (1998). Discourse analysis and academic book reviews: A study of text and disciplinary cultures. I. Fortanet, S. Posteguillo, J. C. Palmer, & J. F. Coll (Ed.), Genre studies in English for academic purposes içinde (ss. 29–58). Castelló de la Plana: Publicacions de la Universitat Jaume I.
  • Nayernia, A., ve Ashouri, F. (2019). Attitude markers in book reviews: The case of applied linguistics discourse community. Linguistics Journal, 13(1), 126–146.
  • Oktar, L. (2011). Eleştirel söylem çözümlemesi çerçevesinde değerlendirme kuramı. 2. Doğan Aksan Çalıştayı’nda sunulan bildiri, 3 Ekim 2011, Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Salager-Meyer, F. ve Alcaraz Arizas, M. A. (2004). Negative appraisals in academic book reviews: a cross-linguistic approach. Candlin, C., Gotti, M. (Ed.), Intercultural Aspects of Specialized Communication içinde (ss. 149–172). Bern: Peter Lang.
  • Shaw, P. (2004). How do we recognise implicit evaluation in academic book reviews? G. D. Lungo Camiciotti & E. Tognini-Bonelli (Ed.), Academic discourse: New insights into evaluation içinde (ss. 121–140). Bern: Peter Lang.
  • Suárez, L., ve Moreno, A. I. (2008). The rhetorical structure of literary academic book reviews: An English-Spanish cross-linguistic approach. U. Connor, E. Nagelhout, & W. Rozycki (Ed.), Contrastive rhetoric: Reaching to intercultural rhetoric içinde (ss. 147–168). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Teich, E. (2001). Towards a model for the description of cross-linguistic divergence and commonality in translation. E. Steiner & C. Yallop (Ed.), Beyond content: Exploring translation and multilingual text production içinde (ss. 191–227). Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
  • Tse, P., ve Hyland, K. (2009). Discipline and gender: Constructing rhetorical identity in book reviews. K. Hyland & G. Diani (Ed.), Academic evaluation: Review genres in university settings içinde (ss. 105–121). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Wang, D., ve An, X. (2013). A study of appraisal in Chinese academic book reviews. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 4(6), 1247–1252.
  • Yıldırım, A., ve Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (8. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.

TÜRKÇE AKADEMİK KİTAP TANITIM YAZILARINDA TUTUM KAYNAKLARI

Year 2025, Volume: 176 Issue: 1, 80 - 102, 01.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.33690/dilder.1598361

Abstract

Kitap tanıtım yazıları, akademik iletişimi sağlaması ve bilimsel bilgiyi inşa etmesi açısından önemli rol oynamaktadır (Hyland, 2000). Açık bir şekilde değerlendirmenin yapıldığı, övgü ve eleştiri ifadelerinin yer aldığı kitap tanıtım yazıları, disipline özgü değerleri ve kişilerarası iletişime dayalı stratejileri belirlemede bilimsel bir metin türü olarak önemli bir kaynak oluşturmaktadır (Miranda, 1996).
Bilimsel söylemi temel alan bu çalışma, Sosyal Bilimler ve Fen Bilimleri alanında Türkçe akademik kitap tanıtım yazılarında övgü ve eleştiri ifadelerinde ne türden tutum (attitude) kaynaklarına başvurulduğunu ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Böylece, akademik yazarların farklı disiplinlerde söylem alışkanlıkları ve yeğledikleri tutumlar ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır. Şimdiye kadar Türkçe çalışmalarda, Türkçe kitap tanıtım yazıları çok fazla ele alınmamış, daha çok bilimsel araştırma yazılarına odaklanılmıştır. Bu noktadan hareketle bu çalışmada, bilimsel söylem alanında, Türkçe kitap tanıtımı yazıları bakış açışı oluşturma ölçütleri açısından incelenerek var olan boşluk kapatılmaya çalışılacaktır.
Araştırmanın kuramsal çerçevesini Martin ve White’ın (2005) Değerbiçme Kuramı oluşturmaktadır. Değerbiçme Kuramı, metindeki kişilerarası üstişlevi üç temel değerbiçme kaynağı çerçevesinde incelemektedir: bilgi açısından sorumluluk (engagement), tutum (attitude) ve derecelendirme (graduation). Bu çalışmada, Türkçe kitap tanıtım yazıları tutum kaynakları (attitude resources) kullanımı bakımından incelenecektir.
Çalışmanın bütüncesi, 2000–2018 yılları arasında yayımlanmış Sosyal Bilimler (Dilbilim, Tarih, Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı) ve Fen Bilimleri (Fen Eğitimi, İstatistik, Matematik) alanında rastlantısal örneklem yöntemiyle seçilmiş 30 kitap tanıtım yazısından oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada metin çözümlemesine dayalı bir içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sosyal Bilimler ve Fen Bilimleri alanlarına ait yazılar karşılaştırılarak alan-bağımlı farklılıklar değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular, Türkçe akademik kitap tanıtımlarında olumlu özbeğeni (appreciation) kaynaklarının baskın olduğunu, hüküm (judgement) ve duyuşsal etki (affect) tutum kaynaklarının ise sınırlı bir şekilde kullanıldığını göstermektedir. Alanlar özelinde bakıldığında, Sosyal Bilimler alanında duyuşsal etki ifadelerinin sınırlı olduğu, hüküm kaynaklarının yalnızca olumlu ifadeler içerdiği ve özbeğeni kaynaklarının büyük oranda olumlu kullanıldığı belirlenirken; Fen Bilimleri alanında duyuşsal etki ifadelerinin olumlu olduğu, hüküm kaynaklarının hiç kullanılmadığı ve özbeğeni kaynaklarının yine büyük ölçüde olumlu bir dağılım sergilediği tespit edilmiştir. Bu durum, metinlerde çoğunlukla övgü dolu bir dil kullanıldığına ve eleştirel bir bakış açısının eksik olduğuna işaret etmektedir.

References

  • Agudelo, J. C. (2016). Genre analysis of book reviews in English and Spanish: a look at rhetorical moves and appraisal (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Universiat Autonoma de Barcelona.
  • Ahmadi, N. (2014). Recognizing attitude and polarity of words in review texts: An analysis of English soft and hard disciplines. International Journal of Language Learning and Applied Linguistics World, 5(3), 342–350.
  • Bal Gezegin, B. (2015). Book review genre in academic writing: A comparative study of English and Turkish across ten disciplines (Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi). Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Bal Gezegin, B. (2016). A corpus-based investigation of metadiscourse in academic book reviews. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 232, 713–718.
  • Bal Gezegin, B., ve Baş, M. (2020). Metadiscourse in academic writing: A comparison of research articles and book reviews. Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 6(1), 45-62.
  • Bal Gezegin, B., ve Işık Güler, H. (2017). Appraisal in academic book reviews. Ç. Hatipoğlu, E. Y. Akbaş, ve A. Bayyurt (Ed.), Metadiscourse in written genres: Uncovering textual and interactional aspects of texts içinde (ss. 175–200). Frankfurt: Peter Lang.
  • Cheng, C. (2014). A contrastive study of English and Chinese book reviews on linguistics: Perspective of attitudinal meanings. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 4(5), 1009–1016.
  • Çakır Sarı, H. (2020). Türkçe akademik kitap tanıtım yazılarının hamle yapılanması. Uçar, A., İbe Akcan, P., Çetintaş Yıldırım, F. (Editörler). Dilbilimde Güncel Tartışmalar içinde (ss.67-76). Ankara: Dilbilim Derneği Yayınları.
  • De Carvalho, G. (2002). Rhetorical patterns of academic book reviews written in Portuguese and in English. L. Iglesias Rábade, S. M. Doval Suárez, & M. de los Á. Gómez González (Ed.), Studies in contrastive linguistics: Proceedings of the 2nd International Contrastive Linguistics Conference Santiago de Compostela içinde (ss. 261–268). Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela.
  • Etayve, A. S. (2017). A genre-based study of Arabic academic book reviews across soft disciplines: Rhetorical structure and potential variations. Linguistica ONLINE, 19, 23–45. http://www.phil.muni.cz/linguistica/art/etaywe/eta-001.pdf
  • Gea Valor, M. L. (2000). A pragmatic approach to politeness and modality in the book review articles. SELL Monographs. Lengua Inglesa. Valencia: Universitat de València.
  • Gea Valor, M. L. (2004). A pragmatic approach to politeness and modality in the book review. Vol. 6: Studies in English Language and Linguistics. Valencia: Universidad de Valencia.
  • Giannoni, D. S. (2006). Expressing praise and criticism in economic discourse: A comparative analysis of English and Italian book reviews. G. del Lungo Camiciotti, M. Dossena & B. Crawford Camiciottoli (Ed.), Variation in Business and Economics Discourse. Diachronic and Genre Perspectives içinde (ss. 126-138). Rome: Officina Edizioni.
  • Halliday, M. A. K. (1994). An introduction to functional grammar. London: E. Arnold.
  • Hashemi, A., Mahdavirad, F., ve Mazdayasna, G. (2021). Appraisal resources in book reviews: A study of cross-gender variations. Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning, 13(28), 127–146.
  • Hyland, K. (2000). Praise and criticism: Interactions in book reviews. K. Hyland (Ed.), Disciplinary discourses: Social interactions in academic writing içinde (ss. 41–62). London: Longman.
  • Hyland, K. (2004). Disciplinary discourses: Social interactions in academic writing. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
  • Lindholm-Romantschuk, Y. (1998). Scholarly book reviewing in the social sciences and humanities. London: Greenwood Press.
  • Martin, J. R., ve White, P. R. R. (2005). The language of evaluation: Appraisal in English. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Miranda, E. (1996). On book reviewing. Journal of Educational Thought, 30(2), 191–202.
  • Moreno, A. I., ve Suárez, L. (2008). A study of critical attitude across English and Spanish academic book reviews. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 7(1), 15–26.
  • Moreno, A. I., ve Suárez, L. (2009). Academic book reviews in English and Spanish: Critical comments and rhetorical structure. K. Hyland & G. Diani (Ed.), Academic evaluation: Review genres in university settings içinde (ss. 167–182). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Motta-Roth, D. (1995). Rhetorical features and disciplinary cultures: A genre-based study of academic book reviews in linguistics, chemistry, and economics (Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi). Florianópolis, UFSC.
  • Motta-Roth, D. (1996). Same genre, different discipline: A genre-based study of book reviews in academe. The ESP, 17(2), 99–131.
  • Motta-Roth, D. (1998). Discourse analysis and academic book reviews: A study of text and disciplinary cultures. I. Fortanet, S. Posteguillo, J. C. Palmer, & J. F. Coll (Ed.), Genre studies in English for academic purposes içinde (ss. 29–58). Castelló de la Plana: Publicacions de la Universitat Jaume I.
  • Nayernia, A., ve Ashouri, F. (2019). Attitude markers in book reviews: The case of applied linguistics discourse community. Linguistics Journal, 13(1), 126–146.
  • Oktar, L. (2011). Eleştirel söylem çözümlemesi çerçevesinde değerlendirme kuramı. 2. Doğan Aksan Çalıştayı’nda sunulan bildiri, 3 Ekim 2011, Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Salager-Meyer, F. ve Alcaraz Arizas, M. A. (2004). Negative appraisals in academic book reviews: a cross-linguistic approach. Candlin, C., Gotti, M. (Ed.), Intercultural Aspects of Specialized Communication içinde (ss. 149–172). Bern: Peter Lang.
  • Shaw, P. (2004). How do we recognise implicit evaluation in academic book reviews? G. D. Lungo Camiciotti & E. Tognini-Bonelli (Ed.), Academic discourse: New insights into evaluation içinde (ss. 121–140). Bern: Peter Lang.
  • Suárez, L., ve Moreno, A. I. (2008). The rhetorical structure of literary academic book reviews: An English-Spanish cross-linguistic approach. U. Connor, E. Nagelhout, & W. Rozycki (Ed.), Contrastive rhetoric: Reaching to intercultural rhetoric içinde (ss. 147–168). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Teich, E. (2001). Towards a model for the description of cross-linguistic divergence and commonality in translation. E. Steiner & C. Yallop (Ed.), Beyond content: Exploring translation and multilingual text production içinde (ss. 191–227). Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
  • Tse, P., ve Hyland, K. (2009). Discipline and gender: Constructing rhetorical identity in book reviews. K. Hyland & G. Diani (Ed.), Academic evaluation: Review genres in university settings içinde (ss. 105–121). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Wang, D., ve An, X. (2013). A study of appraisal in Chinese academic book reviews. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 4(6), 1247–1252.
  • Yıldırım, A., ve Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (8. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Linguistic Performance Science, Discourse and Pragmatics
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Hamide Çakır Sarı 0000-0002-0136-8216

Publication Date July 1, 2025
Submission Date December 8, 2024
Acceptance Date May 31, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 176 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çakır Sarı, H. (2025). TÜRKÇE AKADEMİK KİTAP TANITIM YAZILARINDA TUTUM KAYNAKLARI. Dil Dergisi, 176(1), 80-102. https://doi.org/10.33690/dilder.1598361