How Do Students Prove Their Learning and Teachers Their Teaching? Do Teachers Make a Difference?
Abstract
Problem Statement: Gaining reasoning skills in early
years affects the formal proving skills in the following years, thus it is
quite significant. The acquiring of this skill is only possible with the
approaches that the teachers used in the process. At this point, the problem to
be researched in terms of making proofs is seen in how middle school students
prove a mathematical expression; what kinds of reasoning and proof types they
use in this process; how the teachers of these students prove the same
expression; and how they reflect it to their instruction.
Purpose of the Study: The purpose
of this study is to investigate the middle school students’ and their teachers’
reasoning types and proof methods while proving a mathematical expression.
Method: A basic
qualitative research design was conducted to investigate the research problems.
Participants in this study were two middle school mathematics teachers who have
different professional experiences, and 18 students from 6th, 7th
and 8th grades. A clinical interview technique was used to collect
data and the interviews were video recorded. A thematic analysis method was
used to analyze the data.
Findings and
Results: The middle school students tried to
decide on the argument by following specific cases in order to verify a
mathematical expression, and in this context they performed several actions,
such as pattern recognition, seeking the relationship between two variables,
and making conjectures. They have performed three types of actions, namely
verification, explanation and abstraction during the proving of a mathematical
expression. Moreover, they have provided some arguments which were not accepted
as proof, by offering experimental, intuitive or illogical justification. On
the other hand, it has been observed that the middle school mathematic teachers
thought in the same way that their students thought while proving a given
mathematical expression.
Discussion,
Conclusion and Recommendations: As a result of this study, it has been found that students
had difficulties in proving mathematical statements; they preferred to use
experimental proofs and mostly adapted an inductive approach. On the other
hand, the proving tendency of the teachers was mostly at a verification and
explanation level; they have a similar structure of thinking with their
students in the process of proving mathematical expressions. Reasoning and proof
should be the fundamental aspects of mathematics teaching, should play a
significant role in mathematical contents without taking it independently, and should
be developed in the earlier years. In addition, to what extent mathematics
textbooks and mathematics curriculum in each grade level support the reasoning
and proof standards should be investigated.
Keywords
References
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
-
Journal Section
Research Article
Authors
Publication Date
December 15, 2016
Submission Date
December 15, 2016
Acceptance Date
-
Published in Issue
Year 2016 Volume: 16 Number: 66