Liquid Sensor Based on Interaction between Decoupled Waveguides and a Cavity with Transverse Offset in a Phononic Crystal

Year 2022, , 393 - 399, 30.11.2022

Nurettin Körözlü , Mehmet Günay , Ahmet Biçer , Ahmet Çiçek

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1183694

Abstract

A liquid sensor employing a cavity in the form of a point defect with a transverse offset along the normal bisector of a barrier at the center of a linear waveguide in a two-dimensional phononic crystal, which gives rise to two decoupled waveguides, is proposed. The phononic crystal consists of cylindrical steel rods with 2.0 mm radius in water, arranged with 4.2 mm lattice constant in the square lattice. Linear waveguides are formed by removing a single row from the phononic crystal, whereas the point defect is formed by substituting a single cylindrical steel rod by a polyethylene tubing comprising the analyte of interest. The cavity acts as a cross-bridge between the waveguides through the interaction of the linear defect mode in the input waveguide with the point defect mode, which in turn interacts with the output waveguide mode. Finite-element method simulations reveal that at frequencies around 200 kHz, a sharp peak with a quality factor of the order of 1000 occurs in the transmission spectrum of the system, where resonant transmission occurs. In case of determining the ratio of methanol in ethanol as an instance, it is found that the peak frequency exhibits a quadratic shift with the molar ratio of methanol. On the other hand, the transmission value decreases exponentially with increasing methanol ratio at the frequency of 196.19 kHz, which is the peak frequency for pure ethanol. The proposed sensing scheme can be utilized in many applications such as the identification of fake beverages and in high-throughput concentration measurements in the industry.

Keywords

Phononic crystal, waveguide, point defect, liquid sensor, ethanol, methanol, finite-element method.

Supporting Institution

Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK)

Project Number

116F085

Thanks

This work is supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) under grant number: 116F085. Ahmet Cicek acknowledges support from Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA) Outstanding Young Researchers Awarding Programme (GEBİP-2018).

Bir Fononik Kristalde Ayrışmış Dalga Kılavuzları ile Dikine Ofsetli Kavite Arasında Eşleşmeye Dayalı Sıvı Sensörü

Abstract

İki boyutlu bir fononik kristaldeki doğrusal dalga kılavuzunun merkezinde iki adet ayrışmış dalga kılavuzu oluşumuna sebep olan bariyerin dik ortayı üzerinde konumlanmış nokta kusuru formundaki bir kovuk içeren sıvı sensörü önerilmiştir. Fononik kristal, su içerisinde örgü sabiti 4.2 mm olacak biçimde kare örgü düzeninde dizilmiş 2.0 mm yarıçaplı silindirik çelik çubuklardan oluşmaktadır. Doğrusal dalga kılavuzları fononik kristalden tek bir sıranın çıkarılmasıyla oluşturulurken nokta kusuru, tek bir silindirik çelik çubuğun ilgili analiti içeren bir polietilen hortum ile değiştirilmesiyle oluşturulmuştur. Giriş dalga kılavuzundaki doğrusal kusur modunun daha sonra çıkış dalga kılavuzu moduyla etkileşen nokta kusur moduyla etkileşimi vasıtasıyla kovuk, iki dalga kılavuzu arasında çapraz bir köprü görevi görmektedir. Sonlu elemanlar yöntemi simülasyonlarının sonuçları, 200 kHz civarındaki frekanslarda sistemin geçirim spektrumunda 1000 mertebesinde kalite faktörüne sahip keskin bir pikin gözlendiği rezonans iletiminin oluştuğunu göstermiştir. Örnek olarak etanol içinde metanol oranı belirlenmesinde, pik frekansının molar metanol oranının karesiyle değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Öte yandan, saf etanol için belirlenen 196.19 kHz pik frekansında, geçirim değeri artan metanol oranıyla üstel olarak azalmaktadır. Önerilen algılama yaklaşımı, sahte içeceklerin tanımlanması ve endüstride yüksek verimli konsantrasyon ölçümleri gibi pek çok uygulamada kullanılabilir.

Keywords

Fononik kristal, dalga kılavuzu, nokta kusuru, sıvı sensörü, etanol, metanol, sonlu elemanlar yöntemi.

Project Number

116F085

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