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Birim Alan Başına Bentonit Kütlesinin Geosentetik Kil Örtülerin (GKÖ’ler) Hidrolik İletkenliği Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2021, Issue: 28, 1269 - 1273, 30.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1013103

Abstract

Bu çalışma kapsamında, geosentetik kil örtülerin (GKÖ’ler) bariyer performansı birim alan başına bentonite kütlesi (BABBK) açısından araştırılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda BABBK’si 3.0 ve 5.0 kg/m2 olan Na-GKÖ’ler test edilmiştir. Hidrolik iletkenlik testlerinde deiyonize su (DS) ve farklı konsantrasyonlarda kalsiyum klörür (15 mM ve 30 mM CaCl2) çözeltileri kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca GKÖ içerisindeki bentonitin serbest şişme karakteristiktikleri de belirlenmiştir. Şişme indeks deney sonuçları, CaCl2 konsantrasyonundaki artışın şişme indeks değerlerinde azalmaya sebep olduğunu göstermiştir. Yani şişme indeksleri DS, 15 mM ve 30 mM CaCl2 ile sırasıyla 23, 13 ve 10 mL/2g olarak elde edilmiştir. BABBK'nin Na-GKÖ'nün hidrolik performansı üzerindeki etkisi DS ile gözlenememiştir. GKÖ’nün 3.0 ve 5.0 kg/m2 BABBK olan GKÖ’lerin DS ile hidrolik iletkenlikleri sırasıyla 4.6×10-11 ve 2.1×10-11 m/s olarak elde edilmiştir. Ancak süzdürme sıvısı olarak CaCl2 çözeltileri kullanılması hidrolik iletkenlik üzerinde önemli bir etki yaratmıştır. CaCl2 çözeltileri ile yapılan deneylerde BABBK’deki artış hidrolik iletkenlikte azalmalara neden olmuştur. 30 mM CaCl2 çözeltisinde 5.0 kg/m2 BABBK’ye sahip GKÖ’nün hidrolik iletkenliği 3.0 kg/m2 BABBK’ye sahip GKÖ’nün hidrolik iletkenliğinden 16 kat daha düşük olduğu bulunmuştur (8.3×10-9 vs 1.3×10-7 m/s).

Supporting Institution

Tübitak

Project Number

119R044

Thanks

Bu proje TÜBİTAK tarafından 119R044 kodlu proje tarafından finanse edilmiştir. Yazarlar bu çalışmalarından dolayı TÜBİTAK'a teşekkürlerini sunmaktadır.

References

  • ASTM:D6766-12. (2012). Standard test method for evaluation of hydraulic properties of geosynthetic clay liners permeated with potentially incompatible aqueous solutions. In ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA (pp. 1–9). https://doi.org/10.1520/D6766-12.Copyright
  • ASTM D5890 − 19. (2010). Standard Test Method for Swell Index of Clay Mineral Component of Geosynthetic. Annual Book of ASTM Standards.
  • Jo, H. Y., Katsumi, T., Benson, C. H., & Edil, T. B. (2001). HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY AND SWELLING OF NONPREHYDRATED GCLS PERMEATED WITH SINGLE-SPECIES SALT SOLUTIONS. 53(6), 1315–1327.
  • Katsumi, T., Ishimori, H., Onikata, M., & Fukagawa, R. (2008). Long-term barrier performance of modified bentonite materials against sodium and calcium permeant solutions. Geotextiles and Geomembranes. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2007.04.003
  • Koerner, R. M. (1986). Designing with geosynthetics.
  • Kolstad, D. C., Benson, C. H., Edil, T. B., & Jo, H. Y. (2004). Hydraulic conductivity of a dense prehydrated GCL permeated with aggressive inorganic solutions. Geosynthetics International. https://doi.org/10.1680/gein.11.3.209.44488
  • Lee, J.-M., Shackelford, C. D., Benson, C. H., Jo, H.-Y., & Edil, T. B. (2005). Correlating Index Properties and Hydraulic Conductivity of Geosynthetic Clay Liners. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2005)131:11(1319)
  • Lee, J.-M., & Shackelford, C. D. (2005). Impact of Bentonite Quality on Hydraulic Conductivity of Geosynthetic Clay Liners. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2005)131:1(64)
  • Petrov, R. J., Rowe, R. K., & Quigley, R. M. (1997). Selected Factors Influencing GCL Hydraulic Conductivity. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(1997)123:8(683)
  • Rowe, R. K., Brachman, R. W. I., Hosney, M. S., Take, W. A., & Arnepalli, D. N. (2017). Insight into hydraulic conductivity testing of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) exhumed after 5 and 7 years in a cover. Canadian Geotechnical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0473
  • Shackelford, C. D., Benson, C. H., Katsumi, T., Edil, T. B., & Lin, L. (2000). Evaluating the hydraulic conductivity of GCLs permeated with non-standard liquids. Geotextiles and Geomembranes. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-1144(99)00024-2

Influence of Mass Per Unit Area on the Hydraulic Conductivity of Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCLs)

Year 2021, Issue: 28, 1269 - 1273, 30.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1013103

Abstract

In the content of this study, barrier performance of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) in terms of mass per unit area of bentonite (MPUA) was investigated. For this purpose, a Na-GCL with MPUAs of 3.0 and 5.0 kg/m2 were tested. Hydraulic conductivity tests were conducted with deionized water (DIW) and calcium chloride solutions prepared with various concentrations (i.e., 15 mM and 30 mM CaCl2). The free swell characteristic of bentonite in GCL was also determined. The swell index results showed that increase in the CaCl2 concentration results to a decrease in the swell index values. That is, swell indices were 23, 13, and 10 mL/2g with DIW, 15 mM, and 30 mM CaCl2, respectively. The influence of MPUA on the hydraulic performance of Na-GCL was not observed with DIW. The hydraulic conductivity of GCL with MPUA of 3.0 and 5.0 kg/m2 was 4.6×10-11 and 2.1×10-11 m/s, respectively. However, MPUA had a significant effect on the hydraulic conductivity when CaCl2 solutions were used as the permeant. Increase in MPUA caused to a decrease in the hydraulic conductivity with CaCl2 solutions. It was found with 30 mM CaCl2 solution that the hydraulic conductivity of GCL with MPUA of 5.0 kg/m2 was almost 16 times lower than that of GCL with MPUA of 3.0 kg/m2 (8.3×10-9 vs 1.3×10-7 m/s).

Project Number

119R044

References

  • ASTM:D6766-12. (2012). Standard test method for evaluation of hydraulic properties of geosynthetic clay liners permeated with potentially incompatible aqueous solutions. In ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA (pp. 1–9). https://doi.org/10.1520/D6766-12.Copyright
  • ASTM D5890 − 19. (2010). Standard Test Method for Swell Index of Clay Mineral Component of Geosynthetic. Annual Book of ASTM Standards.
  • Jo, H. Y., Katsumi, T., Benson, C. H., & Edil, T. B. (2001). HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY AND SWELLING OF NONPREHYDRATED GCLS PERMEATED WITH SINGLE-SPECIES SALT SOLUTIONS. 53(6), 1315–1327.
  • Katsumi, T., Ishimori, H., Onikata, M., & Fukagawa, R. (2008). Long-term barrier performance of modified bentonite materials against sodium and calcium permeant solutions. Geotextiles and Geomembranes. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2007.04.003
  • Koerner, R. M. (1986). Designing with geosynthetics.
  • Kolstad, D. C., Benson, C. H., Edil, T. B., & Jo, H. Y. (2004). Hydraulic conductivity of a dense prehydrated GCL permeated with aggressive inorganic solutions. Geosynthetics International. https://doi.org/10.1680/gein.11.3.209.44488
  • Lee, J.-M., Shackelford, C. D., Benson, C. H., Jo, H.-Y., & Edil, T. B. (2005). Correlating Index Properties and Hydraulic Conductivity of Geosynthetic Clay Liners. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2005)131:11(1319)
  • Lee, J.-M., & Shackelford, C. D. (2005). Impact of Bentonite Quality on Hydraulic Conductivity of Geosynthetic Clay Liners. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2005)131:1(64)
  • Petrov, R. J., Rowe, R. K., & Quigley, R. M. (1997). Selected Factors Influencing GCL Hydraulic Conductivity. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(1997)123:8(683)
  • Rowe, R. K., Brachman, R. W. I., Hosney, M. S., Take, W. A., & Arnepalli, D. N. (2017). Insight into hydraulic conductivity testing of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) exhumed after 5 and 7 years in a cover. Canadian Geotechnical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0473
  • Shackelford, C. D., Benson, C. H., Katsumi, T., Edil, T. B., & Lin, L. (2000). Evaluating the hydraulic conductivity of GCLs permeated with non-standard liquids. Geotextiles and Geomembranes. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-1144(99)00024-2
There are 11 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Fatih Polat 0000-0001-5652-0433

Tuğçe Özdamar Kul 0000-0003-3016-6477

Ali Hakan Ören 0000-0002-3024-3084

Project Number 119R044
Publication Date November 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 28

Cite

APA Polat, F., Özdamar Kul, T., & Ören, A. H. (2021). Influence of Mass Per Unit Area on the Hydraulic Conductivity of Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCLs). Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi(28), 1269-1273. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1013103