Investigation of Parental Expectations about Cochlear Implantation

Abstract

Cochlear implant is to be considered the best response to severe and profound hearing loss in children. Parental expectations of CI are now scope of research. It is important to have understanding of parents’ expectations of outcomes. In this scope, the purpose of study is to investigate parental expectation about CI. Qualitative descriptive design was used to conduct the research with 17 participants. Focus group interview was performed with CI team members (n = 6) and parents whose children are CI users (n = 7), while semi-structured interviews were conducted with various CI company representatives (n = 4). The data were subjected to descriptive analysis. Two main themes have emerged in regard of parental expectation: (1) Expectation before CI and (2) Expectation after CI. Findings of the study have shown that parents have relatively high but unrealistic expectations especially during the switch-on period before the CI. Following the CI their expectation have changed and reformed but tend to be low with regard to child’s development level. In the light of these findings, new research might be conducted with parents who attends other centers and have different experiences. These research were expected to enrich related literature and practices

Keywords

• Hearing loss, Cochlear implant, Parent, Expectation

Ebeveynlerin Koklear İmplanta İlişkin Beklentilerinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Koklear implant (Kİ) uygulamaları, ileri-çok ileri derecede işitme kayıplı çocuklarda tanı sonrası müdahalede sıklıkla tercih edilen seçeneklerden biridir. Ebeveynler Kİ ameliyatı gibi ciddi bir kararı vermek zorunda kalırken bu durum tanıdan kısa süre sonra Kİ sürecinin gereksinimlerini karşılamaları anlamına gelmektedir. Ebeveynlerin Kİ kararını almalarında Kİ’ye ilişkin beklentilerinin önemi düşünüldüğünde bu beklentilerin niteliğinin anlaşılması ebeveynlerin doğru yönlendirilebilmesi açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çerçevede araştırmanın amacı çocuğu Kİ kullanan ebeveynlerin beklentilerinin niteliğini incelemektir. Nitel betimsel analiz yaklaşımıyla desenlenen çalışmada Kİ ekip üyeleri (n = 6) ve çocuğu Kİ kullanıcısı olan ebeveynlerle (n = 7) nitel veri toplama tekniklerinden odak grup görüşme, farklı Kİ firma temsilcileri (n = 4) ile de yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme yapılmıştır. Görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler tümevarım anlayışıyla betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Analiz sonucunda iki ana tema ortaya çıkmıştır: (1) Kİ öncesi dönemde beklentiler ve (2) Kİ sonrası dönemde beklentiler. Kİ öncesi dönemde ebeveynlerin beklentilerinin niteliği akranlarıyla uyumlu gelişim beklentisi, mucize beklentisi ve işlemcinin açılışı sırasındaki beklentiler olmak üzere üç alt tema altında sunulmuştur. Kİ sonrası dönemde ise düşük beklentiler ve süreç içinde beklentilerin yeniden yapılandığını düşündüren bulgulara ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bu bulgular doğrultusunda ülke çapında farklı araştırmacıların farklı gruplarla yürüteceği çalışmalar Kİ uygulamalarında ebeveyn beklentilerine dair alanyazın bilgisini ve uygulamaları zenginleştirebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İşitme kaybı, Koklear implant, Ebeveyn, Beklenti

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