Retraction and correction policies are implemented when the reliability of a published article is called into question due to significant errors or ethical concerns.
Should authors wish to withdraw their submission, they are required to submit a written application to the Editor, explaining the reasons for their decision. Authors should wait for the Editor's reply before submitting the manuscript to another journal.

Grounds for Retraction:
An article may be retracted if it is found to:
Contain major errors (e.g., miscalculations, methodological flaws) that render its findings unreliable.
Include plagiarism, falsified data, or image manipulation.
Be redundantly published or violate copyright laws.
Have undisclosed conflicts of interest that impact the study’s validity.
If retraction is necessary, the journal will issue a formal retraction notice, which includes the article’s title, author(s), and the reason for retraction. This notice will remain publicly accessible and linked to the original DOI.

Corrections:
If an article contains errors that do not compromise its main conclusions, a correction notice may be issued instead of a retraction. This notice will remain publicly accessible and linked to the original DOI. Examples of correctable errors include:
Minor miscalculations that do not affect the study’s core findings.
Formatting or typographical mistakes.
Incorrect author affiliations or funding disclosures.

Process for Retraction or Correction:
The editorial board reviews the case and consults independent experts if needed.
The authors are informed and given an opportunity to respond.
If retraction is warranted, the journal follows COPE retraction guidelines to ensure transparency and fairness.