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Russell’s Method of Logical Analysis: Theory of Descriptions

Year 2025, Issue: 81, 54 - 79, 15.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.58634/felsefedunyasi.1554813

Abstract

This study on Bertrand Russell’s theory of descriptions examines how the ambiguities in philosophy of language can be resolved through logical analysis. Russell argues that misunderstandings of descriptions and the grammatical structures of ordinary language lead to philosophical confusion. Focusing on Russell’s theory of descriptions, this study explores his significant contributions to philosophy of language. The theory of descriptions has had a profound impact on the fields of metaphysics, semantics, logic, and linguistics. Russell aimed to resolve the ambiguities in ordinary language usage and the philosophical problems arising from these ambiguities through logical analysis. This study highlights Russell’s analysis of the differences between definite and indefinite descriptions, particularly focusing on his examination of expressions involving non-existent objects, such as “the present King of France”. Furthermore, the work delves into Russell’s critiques of philosophers like Meinong and Frege, as well as his techniques for resolving paradoxes. Ultimately, this study discusses how the theory of descriptions functions as a tool to eliminate semantic ambiguities and offers solutions to philosophical problems.

References

  • Ayer, A. J. (1972). Russell. Collins.
  • Broad, C. D. (1973). Bertrand Russell as philosopher. Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society, 5(3), 328–341.
  • Cohen, S. M. (2018). Russell: On denoting. Microsoft Word - Russell Display.doc. (Erişim tarihi: 7 Haziran 2022).
  • Frege, G. (1948). On sense and reference. The Philosophical Review, 57(3), 209–230.
  • Irvine, A. D. (2009). Bertrand Russell’s logic. In D. M. Gabbay & J. Woods (Eds.), Logic from Russell to Church (ss. 1-29). Elsevier.
  • Janssen, T., & Zimmermann, T. E. Montague semantics. Stanford Felsefe Ansiklopedisi. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/montague-semantics/#Com (Erişim tarihi: 13 Nisan 2025).
  • Kretzmann, N. (1982). Syncategorema, exponibilia, sophismata. İçinde N. Kretzmann, A. Kenny, & J. Pinborg (Ed.), The Cambridge history of later medieval philosophy (ss. 211-245). Cambridge University Press.
  • Lambert, K. (1992). Russell’s version of theory of definite descriptions. Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, 65, 153–167.
  • Ludlow, P. (2002). Descriptions. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://pla- to.stanford.edu/archives/win2022/entries/descriptions/ (Erişim tarihi: 14 Haziran 2022).
  • Mansur, M. N. (2012). Bertrand Russell’s theory of definite descriptions: An examination [Doktora tezi, University of Calgary].
  • Marek, J. Alexius Meinong. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato. stanford.edu/entries/meinong/#ObjTheOntBeyBeiNonBei (Erişim tarihi: 21 Ağustos 2023).
  • Mares, E. (2011). What is a propositional function in Russell? İçinde Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter ed.).
  • Russell, B. (1919). Introduction to mathematical philosophy. George Allen & Unwin.
  • Russell, B. (1959). My philosophical development. Simon and Schuster.
  • Russell, B. (1959a). Mysticism and logic and other essays. George Allen & Unwin.
  • Russell, B. (1969). The autobiography of Bertrand Russell (Vols. 1–3). Little Brown and Company; Simon and Schuster.
  • Russell, B. (2005). On denoting. Mind, 114, 873–887.
  • Russell, B. (2009). The philosophy of logical atomism. Routledge.
  • Russell, B. (2010). Principles of mathematics. Routledge Classics.
  • Russell, B. (2015). Mantıksal atomculuk felsefesi (Dilek Arlı Çil vd., Çev.). Alfa Basım.
  • Smith, J. F. (1985). The Russell-Meinong debate. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 45, 305–350.
  • Taylor, K. A. (2011). Bertrand Russell. İçinde B. Lee (Ed.), Philosophy of language: The key thinkers (ss. 56-76).
  • Whitehead, A. N., & Russell, B. (1963). Principia mathematica (Vol. 1). The Cambridge University Press.

Russell’ın Mantıksal Analiz Yöntemi: Tasvirler Teorisi

Year 2025, Issue: 81, 54 - 79, 15.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.58634/felsefedunyasi.1554813

Abstract

Bertrand Russell’ın tasvirler teorisini ele alan bu çalışma, dil felsefesindeki belirsizliklerin mantıksal bir analiz yöntemi ile nasıl çözülebileceğini incelemektedir. Russell, tasvirlerin yanlış anlaşılmasının ve gündelik dildeki gramatik yapıların felsefi karmaşaya yol açtığını savunur. Russell’ın tasvirler teorisi üzerine yoğunlaşan bu çalışma, Russell’ın dil felsefesine yaptığı önemli katkıları incelemektedir. Tasvirler teorisi, metafizik, semantik, mantık ve dilbilim alanlarında derin bir etki bırakmıştır. Russell, dilin gündelik kullanımındaki belirsizlikleri ve bu belirsizliklerin yol açtığı felsefi sorunları mantıksal analiz yöntemiyle çözmeye çalışmıştır. Bu çalışma, Russell’ın belirli ve belirsiz tasvirler arasındaki farklara ilişkin analizlerine, özellikle ‘Fransa’nın şimdiki kralı’ gibi var olmayan nesnelerle ilgili ifadeler üzerine yaptığı çözümlemelere odaklanmaktadır. Ayrıca, Meinong ve Frege gibi filozofların bu alandaki yaklaşımlarına getirdiği eleştiriler ve Russell’ın tasvirlere ilişkili paradoksları çözme yöntemini detaylı bir şekilde ele almaktadır. Bu çalışma, tasvirler teorisinin dildeki anlam belirsizliklerini nasıl ortadan kaldır- maya yönelik bir araç olarak kullanıldığını ve felsefi problemlere nasıl çözümler sunduğunu tartışmaktadır.

References

  • Ayer, A. J. (1972). Russell. Collins.
  • Broad, C. D. (1973). Bertrand Russell as philosopher. Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society, 5(3), 328–341.
  • Cohen, S. M. (2018). Russell: On denoting. Microsoft Word - Russell Display.doc. (Erişim tarihi: 7 Haziran 2022).
  • Frege, G. (1948). On sense and reference. The Philosophical Review, 57(3), 209–230.
  • Irvine, A. D. (2009). Bertrand Russell’s logic. In D. M. Gabbay & J. Woods (Eds.), Logic from Russell to Church (ss. 1-29). Elsevier.
  • Janssen, T., & Zimmermann, T. E. Montague semantics. Stanford Felsefe Ansiklopedisi. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/montague-semantics/#Com (Erişim tarihi: 13 Nisan 2025).
  • Kretzmann, N. (1982). Syncategorema, exponibilia, sophismata. İçinde N. Kretzmann, A. Kenny, & J. Pinborg (Ed.), The Cambridge history of later medieval philosophy (ss. 211-245). Cambridge University Press.
  • Lambert, K. (1992). Russell’s version of theory of definite descriptions. Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, 65, 153–167.
  • Ludlow, P. (2002). Descriptions. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://pla- to.stanford.edu/archives/win2022/entries/descriptions/ (Erişim tarihi: 14 Haziran 2022).
  • Mansur, M. N. (2012). Bertrand Russell’s theory of definite descriptions: An examination [Doktora tezi, University of Calgary].
  • Marek, J. Alexius Meinong. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato. stanford.edu/entries/meinong/#ObjTheOntBeyBeiNonBei (Erişim tarihi: 21 Ağustos 2023).
  • Mares, E. (2011). What is a propositional function in Russell? İçinde Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter ed.).
  • Russell, B. (1919). Introduction to mathematical philosophy. George Allen & Unwin.
  • Russell, B. (1959). My philosophical development. Simon and Schuster.
  • Russell, B. (1959a). Mysticism and logic and other essays. George Allen & Unwin.
  • Russell, B. (1969). The autobiography of Bertrand Russell (Vols. 1–3). Little Brown and Company; Simon and Schuster.
  • Russell, B. (2005). On denoting. Mind, 114, 873–887.
  • Russell, B. (2009). The philosophy of logical atomism. Routledge.
  • Russell, B. (2010). Principles of mathematics. Routledge Classics.
  • Russell, B. (2015). Mantıksal atomculuk felsefesi (Dilek Arlı Çil vd., Çev.). Alfa Basım.
  • Smith, J. F. (1985). The Russell-Meinong debate. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 45, 305–350.
  • Taylor, K. A. (2011). Bertrand Russell. İçinde B. Lee (Ed.), Philosophy of language: The key thinkers (ss. 56-76).
  • Whitehead, A. N., & Russell, B. (1963). Principia mathematica (Vol. 1). The Cambridge University Press.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Logic, 19th Century Philosophy, History of Logic
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Buşra Aşık Birlik 0000-0001-5802-8485

Early Pub Date July 16, 2025
Publication Date July 15, 2025
Submission Date September 23, 2024
Acceptance Date May 27, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Issue: 81

Cite

APA Aşık Birlik, B. (2025). Russell’ın Mantıksal Analiz Yöntemi: Tasvirler Teorisi. Felsefe Dünyası(81), 54-79. https://doi.org/10.58634/felsefedunyasi.1554813