Türkiye’de Örtük Program Üzerine Yapılmış Çalışmaların Analizi: Bir Meta Sentez Araştırması

Year 2021, Volume: 41 Issue: 1, 251 - 305, 26.04.2021

Aysun Öztürk Mehmet Taşpınar

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’de bugüne kadar örtük programa ilişkin yapılmış çalışmaların analizini yapmaktır. Araştırmanın yöntemi iki aşamalı yapılandırılmıştır. İlk aşamada betimsel içerik analizi ile çalışmalardaki eğilimler belirlenmiş, ikinci aşamada meta sentez ile ampirik çalışmaların bulguları yorumlanarak senteze ulaşılmıştır. Bir çalışmanın araştırmaya dâhil edilmesinde; (1)Doğrudan örtük programa ilişkin araştırma yapılmış olması, (2)Yönteminin açıkça belirtilmiş olması, (3)Bilimsel hakemli dergide yayımlanmış makale veya tez olması, (4)Örneklemin Türkiye’de olması ölçütleri kullanılmıştır. TR Dizin, DergiPark, Google Akademik ve YÖK Tez veri tabanından “örtük program”, “örtük müfredat”, “gizli program”, “gizli müfredat” ve “hidden curriculum” anahtar kelimeleri ile tarama yapılmış, 52 makale ve 25 tez olmak üzere toplamda 77 çalışma araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz neticesinde elde edilen sonuçlar şu şekilde özetlenebilir: Örtük program kavramı yurtdışına kıyasla Türkiye’de oldukça geç çalışılmaya başlanmıştır. Çalışmaların büyük çoğunluğunda, örtük programın doğasına da uygun olacak şekilde nitel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Örneklem türü olarak çoğunlukla bireylerle yürütülen bu çalışmalar en çok ilköğretim ve lisans düzeyinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaların sonuçlarına uygulanan tematik içerik analizi neticesinde çok sayıda koddan 14 kategoriye ve buradan da eğitim sisteminin en temel dört öğesi olan öğretmen, öğrenci, okul ve resmi program temalarına ulaşılmıştır. Her bir tema ve altında yer alan kategoriler kendi içinde tartışılmış, hem eğitimciler hem de araştırmacılar için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Keywords

Örtük program, Gizli müfredat, Betimsel içerik analizi, Meta sentez

Analysing Studies Conducted on Hidden Curriculum in Turkey: A Meta-Synthesis Research

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyse studies conducted on the subject of hidden curriculum in Turkey up to the present. The research method was structured in two stages. In the first stage, the tendencies in the studies were determined with descriptive content analysis, and in the second stage, the findings of the empirical studies were synthesised via reinterpretation with meta-synthesis. In order for a study to be included into the research, following criteria were applied: (1) It has to be related directly to hidden curriculum (2) The methodology has to be clearly stated. (3) It has to be an article published in a scientific refereed journal or an academic thesis. (4) The research sample has to be within Turkey. Review was conducted with the keywords “örtük program (hidden program)”, “örtük müfredat (hidden curriculum)”, “gizli program (secret program)”, “gizli müfredat (secret curriculum)” and “hidden curriculum” on the TR Indexing, DergiPark, Google Scholar and Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre databases, a total of 77 studies, including 52 articles and 25 theses, were included in the study. The results obtained in consequence of the analysis can be summarised as follows: The concept of hidden curriculum was started to be studied on considerably late in Turkey, in comparison with abroad. As proper for the nature of hidden curriculum itself, in most of the studies qualitative method was used. These studies mainly conducted with individuals as their sample, and were conducted at primary and undergraduate levels at most. As a consequence of the thematic content analysis applied to the results of the studies, 14 categories were elicited from a large number of codes, and thereafter, the themes of teacher, student, school, and official curriculum, which are the four basic elements of education system, were attained. Each of the themes and its categories were discussed in itself, and suggestions were made for both educators and researchers.

Keywords

Hidden curriculum, Descriptive content analysis, Meta synthesis

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