Research Article

DETERMINATION OF SOME QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF DULCE DE LECHE’S PRODUCED INDUSTRIALLY IN TURKEY

Volume: 50 Number: 6 December 8, 2025
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DETERMINATION OF SOME QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF DULCE DE LECHE’S PRODUCED INDUSTRIALLY IN TURKEY

Abstract

In this study, nine different Dulce de leche (DL) samples produced by industrial methods were investigated for their physicochemical, textural, sensory properties, total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities. In addition, macro and micro element (Ca, K, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) contents of the samples were determined. Dry matter, fat, protein, acidity, pH, ash and brix values of the samples varied between 48.14–77.21%, 1.45–12.35%, 0.10–9.04%, 0.41–0.65%, 5.66–6.65%, 1.15–3.18% and 59.65–79.35%, respectively. HMF was determined as 9.98–25.06 µmol/100 g, total phenolic content as 810.00–2830.83 mg GAE/kg, antioxidant activity as 12.73–71.95% in the DPPH, and 4.50–7.91 mmol TE/g in the TEAC test. In the mineral analysis, the concentration of Ca and K elements was found to be high, and a wide variation was observed in color and textural properties. Sensory evaluations showed that DL formulation and production differences significantly affected product properties.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Food Technology

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 8, 2025

Submission Date

May 27, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 15, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 50 Number: 6

APA
Öztok, S., Köse, Ş., & Erim Köse, Y. (2025). DETERMINATION OF SOME QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF DULCE DE LECHE’S PRODUCED INDUSTRIALLY IN TURKEY. Gıda, 50(6), 1033-1042. https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD25069
AMA
1.Öztok S, Köse Ş, Erim Köse Y. DETERMINATION OF SOME QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF DULCE DE LECHE’S PRODUCED INDUSTRIALLY IN TURKEY. The Journal of Food. 2025;50(6):1033-1042. doi:10.15237/gida.GD25069
Chicago
Öztok, Sibel, Şenol Köse, and Yağmur Erim Köse. 2025. “DETERMINATION OF SOME QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF DULCE DE LECHE’S PRODUCED INDUSTRIALLY IN TURKEY”. Gıda 50 (6): 1033-42. https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD25069.
EndNote
Öztok S, Köse Ş, Erim Köse Y (December 1, 2025) DETERMINATION OF SOME QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF DULCE DE LECHE’S PRODUCED INDUSTRIALLY IN TURKEY. Gıda 50 6 1033–1042.
IEEE
[1]S. Öztok, Ş. Köse, and Y. Erim Köse, “DETERMINATION OF SOME QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF DULCE DE LECHE’S PRODUCED INDUSTRIALLY IN TURKEY”, The Journal of Food, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 1033–1042, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.15237/gida.GD25069.
ISNAD
Öztok, Sibel - Köse, Şenol - Erim Köse, Yağmur. “DETERMINATION OF SOME QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF DULCE DE LECHE’S PRODUCED INDUSTRIALLY IN TURKEY”. Gıda 50/6 (December 1, 2025): 1033-1042. https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD25069.
JAMA
1.Öztok S, Köse Ş, Erim Köse Y. DETERMINATION OF SOME QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF DULCE DE LECHE’S PRODUCED INDUSTRIALLY IN TURKEY. The Journal of Food. 2025;50:1033–1042.
MLA
Öztok, Sibel, et al. “DETERMINATION OF SOME QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF DULCE DE LECHE’S PRODUCED INDUSTRIALLY IN TURKEY”. Gıda, vol. 50, no. 6, Dec. 2025, pp. 1033-42, doi:10.15237/gida.GD25069.
Vancouver
1.Sibel Öztok, Şenol Köse, Yağmur Erim Köse. DETERMINATION OF SOME QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF DULCE DE LECHE’S PRODUCED INDUSTRIALLY IN TURKEY. The Journal of Food. 2025 Dec. 1;50(6):1033-42. doi:10.15237/gida.GD25069

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