KONVANSİYONEL EKSTRAKSİYONA ALTERNATİF: YEŞİL TEKNOLOJİLER

Abstract

Ekstraksiyon, endüstriyel uygulamalar ve analitik amaçlar için oldukça önemlidir. Bu alandaki çalışmalar çoğunlukla gıdaların fonksiyonel özelliklerinin zenginleştirilmesinde kullanılan antosiyanin, fenolik bileşikler gibi gıda bileşiklerinin eldesinde yoğunlaşmaktadır. Bu noktada, çalışılan ekstraksiyon tekniğinin çevre dostu olması yanında, ekstraksiyonu hedeflenen bileşik üzerinde meydana gelebilecek olumsuz etkilerin de azaltılması önem taşımaktadır. Bu amaçla birçok yeni teknik geliştirilmekte ve çeşitli gıdalarda çalışmalar yürütülmektedir. Son yıllarda, geleneksel ekstraksiyon yöntemlerine alternatif olarak geliştirilen yeşil ekstraksiyon yöntemleri ile solvent kullanımının ve ekstraksiyon süresinin azaltılması yanında verimin arttırılması da hedeflenmektedir. Bu derleme, son yıllarda sıklıkla kullanılan yeşil ekstraksiyon tekniklerinin (mikrodalga, ultrases, yüksek basınç, vurgulu elektrik alan, ohmik ve süperkritik akışkan ekstraksiyon) prensiplerine, avantajlarına ve kullanım alanlarına odaklanmaktadır.

Keywords

• : Mikrodalga destekli ekstraksiyon,ultrases destekli ekstraksiyon,ohmik destekli ekstraksiyon,vurgulu elektrik alan destekli ekstraksiyon,yüksek basınç destekli ekstraksiyon,süperkritik akışkan ekstraksiyon

ALTERNATIVE TO CONVENTIONAL EXTRACTION: GREEN TECHNOLOGIES

Abstract

Extraction is an important method for analytical and industrial applications. The studies related to this subject mostly focus on the extraction of compounds such as anthocyanins, phenolic compounds which can be used for the production of functional foods. It is important to protect not only the extracted compounds from the adverse effects of extraction but also the environment by employing green extraction techniques. Hence, new technologies are being developed and studies are being conducted with different foods. Recently, it is aimed to reduce the solvent consumption and extraction time by employing new green extraction methods which are developed as alternatives to conventional methods. This article reviews the most commonly employed green extraction methods (microwave, ultrasound, high pressure, pulsed electric field, ohmic and supercritical fluid extraction) by focusing on the principals, advantages and applications of the new methods.

Keywords

• Microwave assisted extraction,ultrasound assisted extraction,ohmic assisted extraction,pulsed electric field assisted extraction,high pressure assisted extraction,supercritical fluid extraction

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