2024 Avrupa Şampiyonası Elemeleri Sırasında Türkiye Milli Erkek Hentbol Takımında Görülen Yaralanmaların Analizi: Önleme ve Yönetim İçin Çıkarımlar

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 947 - 953, 25.09.2025

Fuat Yüksel , Nevin A. Güzel

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1665848

Abstract

Hentbol tekrarlayıcı sıçramalar, ani yöne değiştirmeler, agresif fiziksel temas yüksek fiziksel dayanıklılık gerektiren en yoğun salon sporlarından biridir. Hentbolda yaralanmalar yaygın görülür ancak Türk milli erkek hentbol takımındaki yaralanmalarla ilgili sınırlı bilgi mevcuttur. Bu çalışma 2024 Avrupa şampiyonası eleme sürecinde oyuncuların yaşadığı yaralanmaları incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Bu retrospektif çalışmaya, Ekim 2022 ile Nisan 2023 arasında milli takım kamplarına ve maçlarına katılan 46 oyuncu dahil edilmiştir. Yaralanma verileri; yaralanmanın tipi, bölgesi ve iyileşme süresi gibi bilgileri içerecek şekilde takım fizyoterapisti tarafından toplanmıştır. Tanımlayıcı istatistikler özetlenmiş ve akut ile aşırı kullanım yaralanmaları arasındaki karşılaştırmalar, Student's T-testi kullanılarak yapılmıştır (p<0.05).
Toplam 46 yaralanmanın 24'ü (%50) alt ekstremitelerde, 18'i (%39) üst ekstremitelerde ve 5'i (%11) gövdede meydana gelmiştir. Sakatlıkların %52,2’si aşırı kullanım, %47,8’i ise akut yaralanma olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Daha fazla spor tecrübesine sahip sporcuların aşırı kullanım yaralanmalarına daha yatkın olduğu görülmüştür (p<0.05), akut yaralanmalar ise daha uzun iyileşme süreleri ile ilişkilendirilmiştir (p<0.05). Omuz, en sık yaralanan bölge olup (%28,5), 13 sakatlıktan 11’i aşırı kullanıma bağlıdır. Tendon yaralanmaları, toplam sakatlıkların %47,8’i ile en yaygın olanı, kas yaralanmaları ise %39,1 ile ikinci sıradadır. Müsabaka maruziyeti üzerinden yaralanmalar 23.4/1000 saat, Antrenman maruziyeti için 13.2/1000 saatti.
Aşırı kullanım yaralanmaları, özellikle omuzda, Türk hentbol oyuncuları arasında yaygındır. Yük yönetimi ve önleyici egzersizlere odaklanan sakatlık önleme stratejileri, sakatlık oranlarını azaltmak için gereklidir.

Keywords

Profesyonel sporcular , aşırı kullanım , epidemiyoloji

Analysis of Injury Patterns in Turkiye's National Men's Handball Team During The 2024 European Championship Qualifiers: Implications For Prevention and Management

Abstract

Handball is one of the most intense indoor sports, characterized by high physical demands such as frequent jumps, rapid changes of direction, and aggressive physical contact. Injuries in handball are common; however, there is limited information on injury patterns in the Turkish national men's handball team. This study aims to examine the patterns of injuries sustained by players during the 2024 European Championship qualification process..
This retrospective study included 46 athletes who participated in national team camps and matches between October 2022 and April 2023. Injury data, including type, location, and recovery time, were collected by the team physiotherapist. Descriptive statistics were summarized, and comparisons between acute and overuse injuries were made using the Student's T-test (p<0.05).
Of the 46 injuries, 24 (50%) occurred in the lower extremities, 18 (39%) in the upper extremities, and 5 (11%) in the trunk. Overuse injuries accounted for 52.2% of injuries, while 47.8% were acute. Athletes with more years of experience were more prone to overuse injuries (p<0.05), while acute injuries were linked to longer recovery times (p<0.05). The shoulder was the most frequently injured region (28.5%), with 11 out of 13 injuries due to overuse. Tendon injuries were the most common (47.8%), followed by muscle injuries (39.1%). Injuries over match exposure were 23.4/1000 h, and 13.2/1000 h for training exposure.
Overuse injuries, particularly in the shoulder, are prevalent among Turkish handball players. Proper injury prevention strategies, especially focusing on load management and preventive exercises, are essential to reduce injury rates.
Key Words: Professional athletes, overuse injury, epidemiology

Keywords

Professional athletes , overuse injury , epidemiology

References

• 1. Aasheim C, Stavenes H, Andersson SH, Engbretsen L, Clarsen B. Prevalence and burden of overuse injuries in elite junior handball. BMJ open sport & exercise medicine. 2018;4(1):e000391.
• 2. Engebretsen L, Soligard T, Steffen K, Alonso JM, Aubry M, Budgett R, et al. Sports injuries and illnesses during the London Summer Olympic Games 2012. British journal of sports medicine. 2013;47(7):407-14.
• 3. Moller M, Attermann J, Myklebust G, Wedderkopp N. Injury risk in Danish youth and senior elite handball using a new SMS text messages approach. British journal of sports medicine. 2012;46(7):531-7.
• 4. Laver L, Luig P, Achenbach L, Myklebust G, Karlsson J. Handball injuries: epidemiology and injury characterization: Part 1. Handball sports medicine: basic science, injury management and return to sport. 2018:141-53.
• 5. Noor D, McCall A, Jones M, Duncan C, Ehrmann F, Meyer T, et al. Transitioning from club to national teams: Training and match load profiles of international footballers. Journal of science and medicine in sport. 2019;22(8):948-54.
• 6. Griffin A, Kenny IC, Comyns TM, Lyons M. The association between the acute: chronic workload ratio and injury and its application in team sports: a systematic review. Sports Medicine. 2020;50:561-80.
• 7. Canata GL, Jones H. Epidemiology of Injuries in Sports: Springer; 2022.
• 8. Vila H, Barreiro A, Ayán C, Antúnez A, Ferragut C. The most common handball injuries: A systematic review. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2022;19(17):10688.
• 9. Florit D, Pedret C, Casals M, Malliaras P, Sugimoto D, Rodas G. Incidence of tendinopathy in team sports in a multidisciplinary sports club over 8 seasons. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine. 2019;18(4):780.
• 10. Giroto N, Hespanhol Junior L, Gomes M, Lopes A. Incidence and risk factors of injuries in Brazilian elite handball players: A prospective cohort study. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. 2017;27(2):195-202.
• 11. Gabbett TJ. The training—injury prevention paradox: should athletes be training smarter and harder? British journal of sports medicine. 2016.
• 12. Møller M, Nielsen R, Attermann J, Wedderkopp N, Lind M, Sørensen H, et al. Handball load and shoulder injury rate: a 31-week cohort study of 679 elite youth handball players. British journal of sports medicine. 2017;51(4):231-7.
• 13. Petrass LA, Twomey DM. The relationship between ground conditions and injury: what level of evidence do we have? Journal of science and medicine in sport. 2013;16(2):105-12.
• 14. Tsigilis N, Hatzimanouil D. Injuries in handball: Examination of the risk factors. European Journal of Sport Science. 2005;5(3):137-42.
• 15. Andersson SH, Bahr R, Clarsen B, Myklebust G. Preventing overuse shoulder injuries among throwing athletes: a cluster-randomised controlled trial in 660 elite handball players. British journal of sports medicine. 2017;51(14):1073-80.
• 16. Ishøi L, Thorborg K. Copenhagen adduction exercise can increase eccentric strength and mitigate the risk of groin problems: but how much is enough! : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine; 2021. p. 1066-7.
• 17. Habets B, Van Cingel R. Eccentric exercise training in chronic mid‐portion A chilles tendinopathy: A systematic review on different protocols. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. 2015;25(1):3-15.
• 18. Langevoort G, Myklebust G, Dvorak J, Junge A. Handball injuries during major international tournaments. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 2007;17(4):400-7.
• 19. Bere T, Alonso J-M, Wangensteen A, Bakken A, Eirale C, Dijkstra HP, et al. Injury and illness surveillance during the 24th Men's Handball World Championship 2015 in Qatar. British journal of sports medicine. 2015;49(17):1151-6.
• 20. Seitz AL, McClure PW, Finucane S, Boardman III ND, Michener LA. Mechanisms of rotator cuff tendinopathy: intrinsic, extrinsic, or both? Clinical biomechanics. 2011;26(1):1-12.
• 21. Luig P, Bloch H, Klein C. VBG-Sportreport 2017 - Analyse des Unfallgeschehens in den zwei höchsten Ligen der Männer: Basketball, Eishockey, Fußball & Handball2017.