Antepfıstığında Hasat Sonrası Erken Hasat (Boz Fıstık) ve Normal Hasat (Ben Fıstık) Meyvelerin Kurutma İşlemlerinin İncelenmesi ve Depolama Esnasında Serbest Yağ Asitliği ve Peroksit Değerinin Değişimi
Year 2023,
Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 9 - 16, 28.04.2023
Seyfettin Polat
,
İbrahim Hayoğlu
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, antepfıstığında hasat sonrası kurutma işlemi sırasında meyvelerin nem miktarı ve su aktivitesinin günlük olarak değişimi gözlemlenmiştir. Gıda güvenliğinin ve kalitesinin sağlanması için kurutma işleminin uygun şartlarda, zamanda meyve içindeki nem miktarının ve buna bağlı olarak su aktivitesinin kısa sürede düşürülmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için meyveler temiz beton zemin üzerinde güneş altında kurutulmuştur. Depolama süresi boyunca kurutulmuş Antepfıstığı meyvelerinin nem miktarı, su aktivitesi, serbest yağ asitliği ve peroksit değeri analizleri yapılmıştır. Kurutma zamanı olarak Uzun ve Siirt çeşitlerinde kavlatılmış meyvelerin daha erken kuruduğu gözlenmiştir. Depolama sürecinde her iki çeşitte kavlatılmış meyvelerde serbest yağ asitliği ve peroksit değerleri daha yüksek çıkmıştır.
Supporting Institution
TAGEM
Project Number
TAGEM/HSGYAD/A/19/A3/P1/1056
Thanks
Bu çalışma Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı, Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü (TAGEM) tarafından desteklenen ve Antepfıstığı Araştırma Enstitüsü tarafından yürütülen TAGEM/HSGYAD/A/19/A3/P1/1056 nolu doktora projesi kapsamında yapılmıştır.
Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı, Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü’ne ve Harran Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü’ne teşekkür ederiz.
References
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Year 2023,
Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 9 - 16, 28.04.2023
Seyfettin Polat
,
İbrahim Hayoğlu
Project Number
TAGEM/HSGYAD/A/19/A3/P1/1056
References
- M. C. Gijón-López, Water relations and irrigation management in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). Universidad de Córdoba, 2013.
- E.H. Shokraii, A. Esen, Composition, solubility, and electrophoretic patterns of protein isolated from kerman pistachio nuts (Pistacia vera L). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 36 (1988) 425–429.
- FAOSTAT, Crops and livestock products. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL, 2022. Erişim: 01.12.2022
H. Tavakolipour, Postharvest operations of pistachio nuts. J Food Sci Technol., Feb;52(2) (2015) 1124-30. doi: 10.1007/s13197-013-1096-6.
- M, Kashaninejad, Y, Maghsoudlou, M, Khomeiri, G. Tabil, Resistance to airflow through bulk pistachio nuts (Kalleghochi variety) as affected by moisture content, airflow rate, bed depth and fill method. Powder Technol. 203 (2010), 359–364. doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2010.05.030.
- Ö.F. Gamlı, İ. Hayoğlu, Effects of nut proportion and storage temperature on some chemical parameters of pistachio nut cream. Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2 (2012) 15-23.
- H. Tavakolipour, A. Kalbasi-Ashtari, Estimation of moisture sorption isotherms in Kerman pistachio nuts. J Food Process Eng. 31 (2008) 564–582. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-4530.2007.00196.x.
- E. Sena-Moreno, J.E. Pardo, L. Catalán, R. Gómez, A. Pardo-Giménez, M. Alvarez-Ortí, Drying temperature and extraction method influence physicochemical and sensory characteristics of pistachio oils. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol., 117 (2015) 684-691. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201400366
- M. Maskan, S. Karatas, Fatty acid oxidation of pistachio nuts stored under various atmospheric conditions and different temperatures. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 77 (1998) 334–340.
- M. Kashani Nejad, L. G. Tabil, A. Mortazavi, A. Safe Kordi, Effect of Drying Methods on Quality of Pistachio Nuts, Drying Technology, 21:5 (2003) 821-838, DOI: 10.1081/DRT-120021688
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- Ö. Kındır, Siyah Üzüm Posasının Antioksidan Kaynağı Olarak Değerlendirilmesinde Proses Parametrelerinin İncelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, 2010.
- AOAC, AOAC official method 940.28 Fatty acids (free) in crude and refined oils. Official methods of analysis of AOAC International. Washington, DC: AOAC International, 2003.
- AOAC, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Horwitz W.(Ed.), Official methods of analysis of the AOAC International ( 17th ed.), AOAC International, Gaithersburg, Maryland, AOAC Official Method 965.33, 2000.
- V.H. Tournas, N.S. Niazi, J.S. Kohn, Fungal presence in selected tree nuts and dried fruits. Microbiology Insights, 8 (2015) 1–6.
- N.H. Mermelstein, Measuring moisture content and water activity. Food Technology Magazine, 63:11 (2009).
O. Erkmen and T.F. Bozoglu, Food preservation by reducing water activity. In Food Microbiology: Principles into Practice. 2016. doi.org/10.1002/9781119237860.ch30
- P.P. Lewicki, Data and models of water activity. 1: Solutions and liquid foods. In Food Properties Handbook, 2nd (2009) 33–65. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
- A. A. Kader, E. J. Mitcham, and C. H. Crisosto, Recommendations for Maintaining Postharvest Quality. Produce Facts. Dried Fruits & Nuts. Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, 1998.
- J. M. Labavitch, Walnut. The commercial storage of fruits, vegetables, and florist and nursery stocks. Agriculture Handbook Number 66. USD A ARS: 3pp. 2005.
- J. M. Labavitch, Pistachio. The commercial storage of fruits, vegetables, and florist and nursery stocks. Agriculture Handbook Number 66. USD A ARS: 4pp. 2005
- Türk Gıda Kodeksi, Bitki adı ile anılan yağlar tebliği, Tebliğ No:2012/29). https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=16053&MevzuatTur=9&MevzuatTertip=5, 2012. Erişim: 01.12.2022.
- A.J. Dijkstra, Vegetable oils: Composition and analysis. Encyclopedia of Food and Health, 2016.
- M.H. Gordon, Factors affecting lipid oxidation. Understanding and Measuring the Shelf-Life of Food, 2004.