Review

Systematic literature review of city digital maturity and smart city maturity, and an assessment framework proposal

Number: 51 October 29, 2026
TR EN

Systematic literature review of city digital maturity and smart city maturity, and an assessment framework proposal

Abstract

This study reviews the literature on city digital maturity and smart city maturity from an integrated assessment perspective. Through a systematic search in the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus databases, 40 papers published between 2015-2025 were identified from records covering the 2015-2026 search period. The selected papers were examined according to their aims, types, assessment parameters, methodology, data sources and geographic context of application. Co-occurrence analysis was conducted to identify relationships between parameters. The findings reveal that maturity models and level determination approaches are dominant in the literature. Dimensions commonly used to assess cities include governance, environment, infrastructure, digitalization, citizenship, security, data, technology, services, and information and communication technologies (ICT). Regarding methods, maturity matrices, weighting, composite scoring, and aggregate scoring approaches are widely used. Data sources used in measurement approaches are mostly relay on surveys, expert opinions, interviews, statistical data, official reports, and standards. The review also shows that city digital maturity studies mostly emphasize institutional digital capacities, while smart city maturity studies focus on broader urban, environmental, and social outcomes. Based on these findings, the study compares existing assessment approaches and proposes a conceptual framework to guide the design of city-level assessments

Keywords

References

  1. Abdou, S. A., & Asif, M. (2024, March). Readiness Level Assessment of Smart Cities: case Study of London. In 2024 International Conference on Open Innovation and Digital Transformation (OIDT) (pp. 1-6). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/OIDT59407.2024.11082693
  2. Afonso, R. A., dos Santos Brito, K., do Nascimento, C. H., Garcia, V. C. & Álvaro, A. (2015, May). Brazilian smart cities: using a maturity model to measure and compare inequality in cities. In Proceedings of the 16th annual international conference on digital government research (pp. 230-238). https://doi.org/10.1145/2757401.2757426
  3. Aljowder, T., Ali, M., & Kurnia, S. (2023). Development of a maturity model for assessing smart cities: A focus area maturity model. Smart Cities, 6(4), 2150-2175. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities6040099
  4. Anschuetz, C., Ebner, K., & Smolnik, S. (2024). Size does matter: A maturity model for the special needs of small and medium-sized smart cities. Cities, 150, 104998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2024.104998
  5. Aragão, F. V., Chiroli, D. M. D. G., Zola, F. C., Aragão, E. V., Marinho, L. H. N., Correa, A. L. C., & Colmenero, J. C. (2023). Smart cities maturity model—A multicriteria approach. Sustainability, 15(8), 6695. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086695
  6. Aristovnik, A., Ravšelj, D., & Murko, E. (2024). Decoding the digital landscape: An empirically validated model for assessing digitalisation across public administration levels. Administrative Sciences, 14(3), 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci14030041
  7. Bayraktar, H., Bayar, D. Y., Kara, B., & Bilgin, G. (2020). Leveraging maturity assessment to choose the right applications for smart cities: Turkey’s approach. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 44, 137-142. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIV-4-W3-2020-137-2020
  8. Benbya, H., Nan, N., Tanriverdi, H., & Yoo, Y. (2020). Complexity and information systems research in the emerging digital world. MIS Quarterly, 44(1), 1-18.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Urban Policy, Urban Informatics

Journal Section

Review

Publication Date

October 29, 2026

Submission Date

August 8, 2026

Acceptance Date

October 28, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 51

APA
Turcan, G., & Coşkun, E. (2026). Systematic literature review of city digital maturity and smart city maturity, and an assessment framework proposal. İDEALKENT, 51, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.2012594
AMA
1.Turcan G, Coşkun E. Systematic literature review of city digital maturity and smart city maturity, and an assessment framework proposal. İDEALKENT. 2026;(51):1-19. doi:10.31198/idealkent.2012594
Chicago
Turcan, Gizem, and Erman Coşkun. 2026. “Systematic Literature Review of City Digital Maturity and Smart City Maturity, and an Assessment Framework Proposal”. İDEALKENT, nos. 51: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.2012594.
EndNote
Turcan G, Coşkun E (October 1, 2026) Systematic literature review of city digital maturity and smart city maturity, and an assessment framework proposal. İDEALKENT 51 1–19.
IEEE
[1]G. Turcan and E. Coşkun, “Systematic literature review of city digital maturity and smart city maturity, and an assessment framework proposal”, İDEALKENT, no. 51, pp. 1–19, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.31198/idealkent.2012594.
ISNAD
Turcan, Gizem - Coşkun, Erman. “Systematic Literature Review of City Digital Maturity and Smart City Maturity, and an Assessment Framework Proposal”. İDEALKENT. 51 (October 1, 2026): 1-19. https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.2012594.
JAMA
1.Turcan G, Coşkun E. Systematic literature review of city digital maturity and smart city maturity, and an assessment framework proposal. İDEALKENT. 2026;:1–19.
MLA
Turcan, Gizem, and Erman Coşkun. “Systematic Literature Review of City Digital Maturity and Smart City Maturity, and an Assessment Framework Proposal”. İDEALKENT, no. 51, Oct. 2026, pp. 1-19, doi:10.31198/idealkent.2012594.
Vancouver
1.Gizem Turcan, Erman Coşkun. Systematic literature review of city digital maturity and smart city maturity, and an assessment framework proposal. İDEALKENT. 2026 Oct. 1;(51):1-19. doi:10.31198/idealkent.2012594