The Effect of Turnover Intention and Workplace Friendship on Social Loafing and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Directed to Co-Workers

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of employees' perceptions of workplace friendship and turnover intention on social loafing and organizational citizenship behaviors directed to co-workers. In this study, the effect of workplace friendship on turnover intention, social loafing and organizational citizenship behaviors directed to co-workers is based on the Conservation of Resources Theory; the effect of turnover intention on social loafing and organizational citizenship behaviors directed to co-workers is based on the Social Exchange Theory. The field research was carried out in food and beverage establishments in Izmir. Data were collected through a questionnaire form and convenience sampling method. The questionnaire form includes scales whose validity and reliability have been proven in the literature and demographic questions. At the end of the data collection process, which was carried out between November 2023 and May 2024, 360 valid data were collected. The validity of the measurement model consisting of four variables was proven by confirmatory factor analysis. Hypotheses were tested with structural equation model. The research findings indicate that turnover intention increases social loafing behavior while decreases organizational citizenship behaviors directed to co-workers; the findings indicate that workplace friendship decreases the turnover intention and increases organizational citizenship behaviors directed to co-workers.

Keywords

• Friendship
• Loafing
• Turnover
• Citizenship Behavior

İş Yeri Arkadaşlığı ve İşten Ayrılma Niyetinin Sosyal Kaytarma ve Çalışma Arkadaşlarına Yönelik Vatandaşlık Davranışlarına Etkisi

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, çalışanların iş yeri arkadaşlığı algılarının ve işten ayrılma niyetlerinin sosyal kaytarma ve çalışma arkadaşlarına yönelik örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarına etkisini belirlemektir. Bu araştırmada iş yeri arkadaşlığının işten ayrılma niyetine, sosyal kaytarma ve çalışma arkadaşlarına yönelik örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarına etkisi Kaynakları Koruma Teorisine ve işten ayrılma niyetinin sosyal kaytarma ve çalışma arkadaşlarına yönelik örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarına etkisi Sosyal Değişim Teorisine dayandırılmıştır. Alan araştırması İzmir’de bulunan yeme-içme tesislerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler anket formu aracılığıyla ve kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Anket formunda alan yazında geçerliliği ve güvenirliği kanıtlanmış ölçekler ve demografik sorular yer almaktadır. Kasım 2023-Mayıs 2024 tarihlerinde gerçekleştirilen veri toplama süreci sonunda 360 adet geçerli veriye ulaşılmıştır. Dört değişkenden oluşan ölçüm modelinin geçerliliği doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile kanıtlanmıştır. Hipotezler ise yapısal eşitlik modeli ile test edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları işten ayrılma niyetinin sosyal kaytarma davranışını artırırken, çalışma arkadaşlarına yönelik örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarını azalttığını; iş yeri arkadaşlığının işten ayrılma niyetini azaltırken, çalışma arkadaşlarına yönelik örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarını artırdığını göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Arkadaşlık
• Kaytarma
• İşten Ayrılma
• Vatandaşlık Davranışı

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