The Effect of Turnover Intention and Workplace Friendship on Social Loafing and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Directed to Co-Workers
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 93 - 106, 29.10.2025
Yılmaz Akgündüz
,
Sinemis Sümer
Tila Maria Boğazkesenli
Ayşenaz Aydın
Öz
The aim of this study is to determine the effects of employees' perceptions of workplace friendship and turnover intention on social loafing and organizational citizenship behaviors directed to co-workers. In this study, the effect of workplace friendship on turnover intention, social loafing and organizational citizenship behaviors directed to co-workers is based on the Conservation of Resources Theory; the effect of turnover intention on social loafing and organizational citizenship behaviors directed to co-workers is based on the Social Exchange Theory. The field research was carried out in food and beverage establishments in Izmir. Data were collected through a questionnaire form and convenience sampling method. The questionnaire form includes scales whose validity and reliability have been proven in the literature and demographic questions. At the end of the data collection process, which was carried out between November 2023 and May 2024, 360 valid data were collected. The validity of the measurement model consisting of four variables was proven by confirmatory factor analysis. Hypotheses were tested with structural equation model. The research findings indicate that turnover intention increases social loafing behavior while decreases organizational citizenship behaviors directed to co-workers; the findings indicate that workplace friendship decreases the turnover intention and increases organizational citizenship behaviors directed to co-workers.
Etik Beyan
All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee, as well as with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its subsequent amendments, or other comparable ethical standards. Ethical approval for this research was obtained from the Dokuz Eylül University Social Sciences and Humanities Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee, with the decision number 6 dated 14/11/2023.
Destekleyen Kurum
TÜBİTAK
Proje Numarası
1919B012316423
Teşekkür
This research was supported as part of the TÜBİTAK 2209-A University Students Research Project Support Programme. We would like to thank TÜBİTAK for their support.
Kaynakça
-
Aftab, M., Bokhari, S.A.B., & Ali, M. (2024). An empirical study on individual performance and turnover intention among university employees: A multiple mediation model. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 16(2), 441-45.
-
Ahmad, R., Ishaq, M.I., & Raza, A. (2023). The blessing or curse of workplace friendship: Mediating role of organizational identification and moderating role of political skills. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 108, 103359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2022.103359
-
Ahmad Saufi, R., Aidara S., Che Nawi, N.B., Permarupan, P.Y., Zainol, N.R.B., & Kakar, A.S. (2023). Turnover intention and its antecedents: The mediating role of work–life balance and the moderating role of job opportunity. Frontier in Psychology, 14, 1137945. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1137945
-
Akgündüz, Y. (2020). Örgütsel davranış. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
-
Akgündüz, Y. (2021). Örgütsel davranış teorileri. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
-
Akgündüz, Y., & Akdağ, G. (2014). İşgörenlerin kişilik özelliklerinin temel benlik değerlendirmelerine ve isten ayrılma niyetlerine etkisi. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(24), 295-318.
-
Akgunduz, Y., & Eryilmaz, G. (2018). Does turnover intention mediate the effects of job insecurity and co-worker support on social loafing. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 68, 41-49.
-
Akgündüz, Y., Akdağ, G., Güler, O., & Sünnetçioğlu, S. (2014). İşten ayrılma niyeti ve aşırı rol yükünün otel çalışanlarının sosyal aylaklık davranışlarına etkisi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16(4), 515-536.
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Antalyalı, Ö.L., Ekşili, N., & Çetinkaya Bozkurt, Ö. (2023). Relationship between work friendship and intention to leave: A latent profile analysis. Pamukkale University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 58, 343-360.
-
Anwer, F., & Siddiqui, D.A. (2021). How comparison and justice mediate the effect of ethical leadership on interpersonal citizenship behavior (OCBI). Global Journal of Educational Studies, 7(2), 28-78.
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Authayarat, W., & Umemuro, H. (2012). Workplace environment characteristics as antecedents of affective well-being in the workplace. International Journal of Business Research and Management, 3(6), 307-324.
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Aypar, S., Sökmen, A., & Ekmekçioğlu, E.B. (2018). İş tatmini ve işten ayrılma niyeti ilişkisi: Örgütsel özdeşleşmenin aracılık rolü. Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(13), 116-124.
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Berman, E. M. West, J. P., & Richter, Jr, M. N. (2002). Workplace relations: Friendship patterns and consequences (according to managers). Public Administration Review, 62(2), 217-230. https://doi.org/10.1111/0033-3352.00172
-
Bourdage, J.S., Lee, K., Lee J.-H., & Shin, K.-H. (2012). Motives for organizational citizenship behavior: Personality correlates and coworker ratings of OCB. Human Performance, 25(3), 179–200.
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Brickner, M.A., Harkins, S.G., & Ostrom, T.M. (1986). Effects of personal involvement: Thought-provoking implications for social loafing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(4), 763-769.
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Cao, F., & Zhang, H. (2020). Workplace friendship, psychological safety and innovative behavior in China: A moderated-mediation model. Chinese Management Studies, 14(3), 661-676.
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İş Yeri Arkadaşlığı ve İşten Ayrılma Niyetinin Sosyal Kaytarma ve Çalışma Arkadaşlarına Yönelik Vatandaşlık Davranışlarına Etkisi
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 93 - 106, 29.10.2025
Yılmaz Akgündüz
,
Sinemis Sümer
Tila Maria Boğazkesenli
Ayşenaz Aydın
Öz
Bu araştırmanın amacı, çalışanların iş yeri arkadaşlığı algılarının ve işten ayrılma niyetlerinin sosyal kaytarma ve çalışma arkadaşlarına yönelik örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarına etkisini belirlemektir. Bu araştırmada iş yeri arkadaşlığının işten ayrılma niyetine, sosyal kaytarma ve çalışma arkadaşlarına yönelik örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarına etkisi Kaynakları Koruma Teorisine ve işten ayrılma niyetinin sosyal kaytarma ve çalışma arkadaşlarına yönelik örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarına etkisi Sosyal Değişim Teorisine dayandırılmıştır. Alan araştırması İzmir’de bulunan yeme-içme tesislerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler anket formu aracılığıyla ve kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Anket formunda alan yazında geçerliliği ve güvenirliği kanıtlanmış ölçekler ve demografik sorular yer almaktadır. Kasım 2023-Mayıs 2024 tarihlerinde gerçekleştirilen veri toplama süreci sonunda 360 adet geçerli veriye ulaşılmıştır. Dört değişkenden oluşan ölçüm modelinin geçerliliği doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile kanıtlanmıştır. Hipotezler ise yapısal eşitlik modeli ile test edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları işten ayrılma niyetinin sosyal kaytarma davranışını artırırken, çalışma arkadaşlarına yönelik örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarını azalttığını; iş yeri arkadaşlığının işten ayrılma niyetini azaltırken, çalışma arkadaşlarına yönelik örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarını artırdığını göstermektedir.
Etik Beyan
İnsan katılımcıları içeren çalışmalarda gerçekleştirilen tüm prosedürler, kurumsal ve / veya ulusal araştırma komitesinin etik standartlarına ve 1964 Helsinki deklarasyonuna ve daha sonraki değişikliklerine veya karşılaştırılabilir etik standartlara uygundur. Bu araştırma için Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etik 14/11/2023 tarih ve 6 sayılı karar numarası ile Etik Kurul Onayı alınmıştır.
Destekleyen Kurum
TÜBİTAK
Proje Numarası
1919B012316423
Teşekkür
Bu araştırma, TÜBİTAK 2209-A Üniversite Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri Destekleme Programı kapsamında desteklenmiştir. Destekleri nedeniyle TÜBİTAK'a teşekkür ederiz.
Kaynakça
-
Aftab, M., Bokhari, S.A.B., & Ali, M. (2024). An empirical study on individual performance and turnover intention among university employees: A multiple mediation model. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 16(2), 441-45.
-
Ahmad, R., Ishaq, M.I., & Raza, A. (2023). The blessing or curse of workplace friendship: Mediating role of organizational identification and moderating role of political skills. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 108, 103359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2022.103359
-
Ahmad Saufi, R., Aidara S., Che Nawi, N.B., Permarupan, P.Y., Zainol, N.R.B., & Kakar, A.S. (2023). Turnover intention and its antecedents: The mediating role of work–life balance and the moderating role of job opportunity. Frontier in Psychology, 14, 1137945. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1137945
-
Akgündüz, Y. (2020). Örgütsel davranış. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
-
Akgündüz, Y. (2021). Örgütsel davranış teorileri. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
-
Akgündüz, Y., & Akdağ, G. (2014). İşgörenlerin kişilik özelliklerinin temel benlik değerlendirmelerine ve isten ayrılma niyetlerine etkisi. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(24), 295-318.
-
Akgunduz, Y., & Eryilmaz, G. (2018). Does turnover intention mediate the effects of job insecurity and co-worker support on social loafing. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 68, 41-49.
-
Akgündüz, Y., Akdağ, G., Güler, O., & Sünnetçioğlu, S. (2014). İşten ayrılma niyeti ve aşırı rol yükünün otel çalışanlarının sosyal aylaklık davranışlarına etkisi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16(4), 515-536.
-
Antalyalı, Ö.L., Ekşili, N., & Çetinkaya Bozkurt, Ö. (2023). Relationship between work friendship and intention to leave: A latent profile analysis. Pamukkale University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 58, 343-360.
-
Anwer, F., & Siddiqui, D.A. (2021). How comparison and justice mediate the effect of ethical leadership on interpersonal citizenship behavior (OCBI). Global Journal of Educational Studies, 7(2), 28-78.
-
Authayarat, W., & Umemuro, H. (2012). Workplace environment characteristics as antecedents of affective well-being in the workplace. International Journal of Business Research and Management, 3(6), 307-324.
-
Aypar, S., Sökmen, A., & Ekmekçioğlu, E.B. (2018). İş tatmini ve işten ayrılma niyeti ilişkisi: Örgütsel özdeşleşmenin aracılık rolü. Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(13), 116-124.
-
Berman, E. M. West, J. P., & Richter, Jr, M. N. (2002). Workplace relations: Friendship patterns and consequences (according to managers). Public Administration Review, 62(2), 217-230. https://doi.org/10.1111/0033-3352.00172
-
Bourdage, J.S., Lee, K., Lee J.-H., & Shin, K.-H. (2012). Motives for organizational citizenship behavior: Personality correlates and coworker ratings of OCB. Human Performance, 25(3), 179–200.
-
Brickner, M.A., Harkins, S.G., & Ostrom, T.M. (1986). Effects of personal involvement: Thought-provoking implications for social loafing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(4), 763-769.
-
Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1(3), 185–216. https://doi.org/10.1177/135910457000100301
-
Bryant, P.C., & Allen, D.G. (2013). Compensation, benefits and employee turnover: HR strategies for retaining top talent. Compensation and Benefits Review, 45, 171- 175.
-
Büyükyılmaz, O., & Biçer, C. (2018). İşyeri arkadaşlığının işten ayrılma niyeti üzerindeki etkisinde işe bağlılığın aracılık rolü. Social Sciences, 13(2), 28-41.
-
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