The Effects of Jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.) Leaf Extract on Small Intestinal Microflora and Some Blood Parameters in Laying Hens

Abstract

This study was designed to determine the effects of jujube leaf extract (JLE) added to the diets of laying hens on some blood parameters and jejunum bacterial content in laying hens (Nick Brown; 32 weeks-old). In this study, a total of 96 Nick Brown layers, 32 weeks of age, were divided into 4 groups, one of which was control (JLE-0) and 3 were experimental groups. During the ten-week experimental period, the first week being the adaptation period, the control group (JLE-0) was fed with basal feed. For each 1 kg feed, 1 g leaf; 2 g leaves; and 3 g leaves were extracted, and the treatment groups were fed with feed added to the basal feed at a level of 45 mg kg^-1(JLE-1), 90 mg kg^-1(JLE-2) and 135 mg kg^-1(JLE-3). It was found that there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of total coliform bacteria counts in the jejunum. Lactobacilli counts were determined statistically significant differences between the groups (p<0.05). It was determined that two jujube leaf extract groups (JLE-2 and JLE-3) increased the lactobacilli counts in the jejunum compared to JLE-0 and JLE-1 groups (p<0.05).  It was found that jujube leaf extract had no significant effect on serum glucose, albumin, phosphorus levels and AST and GGT enzyme activities. There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of serum triglyceride levels (p<0.05). As a result, it was concluded that the use of jujube leaf extract as a feed additive in the diets at 90 mg kg^-1and 135 mg kg^-1in laying hens may partially improve the intestinal flora.

Keywords

• Laying hen,jujube leaf extract,intestinal microflora,blood parameters

Yumurtacı Tavuklarda Hünnap (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.) Yaprak Ekstraktının İnce Bağırsak Mikroflorası ve Bazı Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmada, yumurtacı tavuk (Nick Brown; 32 haftalık) rasyonlarına ilave edilen hünnap yaprak ekstraktının (HYE) bazı kan parametreleri ve jejunum bakteri içeriği üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada 32 haftalık 96 adet Nick Brown yumurta tavuğu biri kontrol (HYE-0) ve 3’ü deneme grubu olacak şekilde 4 gruba ayrılmıştır. Bir haftası alıştırma periyodu olmak üzere toplam 10 hafta süren çalışmada HYE-0 grubu bazal yem ile beslenmiştir. Her 1 kg karma yem için 1 g yaprak; 2 g yaprak; 3 g yaprak kullanılarak ekstraksiyon işlemi yapılmış ve elde edilen ekstraktlar 45 mg kg^-1 (HYE-1), 90 mg kg^-1 (HYE-2) ve 135 mg kg^-1 (HYE-3) düzeylerinde bazal yeme ilave edilerek deneme grupları beslenmiştir. Çalışmada hünnap yaprak ekstraktının jejunum toplam koliform bakteri sayısı üzerine önemli bir etkisinin olmadığı; laktobasil sayısı üzerine ise önemli bir etkisinin olduğu (p<0.05) tespit edilmiştir. Hünnap yaprak ekstraktının rasyondaki 90 mg kg^-1 ve 135 mg kg^-1 düzeylerinin laktobasil sayısını arttırdığı belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Hünnap yaprak ekstraktının serum glukoz, albümin, fosfor düzeylerine ve AST ile GGT enzim aktiviteleri üzerine önemli bir etkisinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Serum trigliserid düzeyi bakımından ise gruplar arasında önemli bir fark olmuştur (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak, hünnap yaprak ekstraktının yumurtacı tavuk rasyonlarında 90 mg kg^-1 ve 135 mg kg^-1 düzeylerinde kullanılmasının bağırsak florasını kısmen iyileştirebileceği kanaatine varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yumurtacı tavuk,hünnap yaprak ekstraktı,bağırsak mikroflorası,kan parametreleri

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