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Anaçların ‘Deveci’ Armudunun Verim Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 412 - 420, 30.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.983950

Abstract

Modern meyve yetiştiriciliğinde kullanılan anaçlar üzerlerine aşılanan çeşitlerin büyüme, verim ve meyve kalitesini farklı şekillerde etkilemektedir. Bu çalışma ile farklı anaçlar (Quince BA-29, Quince MC ve armut çöğürü) üzerine aşılı Deveci armut çeşidinin 2013-2016 yıllarına ait verim özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada verim özelliklerinden meyve ağırlığı (g), meyve sayısı (adet bitki-1), bitki başına verim (kg bitki-1), gövde kesit alanına verim (kg cm-2), taç hacmine verim (kg m-3) ve dekara verim (kg da-1) incelenmiştir. İncelenen verim özellikleri üzerine anaçların önemli etkilerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca meyve ağırlığı hariç incelenen diğer özellikler bakımından araştırma yılları arasında da önemli farklılıkların olduğu saptanmıştır. Meyve verim özellikleri üzerine ayva klon anaçlarının etkisi armut çöğür anacına göre daha yüksek olmuştur. Araştırmada meyve ağırlığı (g), bitki başına verim (kg bitki-1) ve dekara verimin (kg da-1) BA-29 ayva klon anacında en yüksek, armut çöğür anacında ise en düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Gövde kesit alanına verim (kg cm-2) ve taç hacmine verimin (kg m-3) MC ayva klon anacı üzerine aşılı bitkilerde yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda incelenen anaçlarla ilgili araştırmanın daha uzun süre devam ettirilerek kıyaslanması tavsiye olunmaktadır.

References

  • Askari-Khorasgani, O., Jafarpour, M., Hadad, M. M., & Pessarakli, M. (2019). Fruit yield and quality characteristics of “Shahmiveh” pear cultivar grafted on six rootstocks, Journal of Plant Nutrition, 42(4), 323-332,
  • Bell, R. L., Quamme, H. A., Layne, R. E. C., & Skirvin, R. M. (1996). Pears. In J. Janick, & J. N. Moore (Eds.). Fruit Breeding; Volume I: Tree and Tropical Fruits. Wiley Science, New York.
  • Browning, G., & Watkins, R. (1991). Preliminary evaluation of new quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) hybrid rootstocks for pears. Journal Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 66, 35–42.
  • Cabrera, D., Rodriquez, P., & Zoppolo, R. (2015). Evaluation of Quince and Selected ‘Farold®’ Pear Rootstocks for Commercial ‘Williams B.C.’ Production in Uruguay. Acta Horticulturae, 1094, 159-162.
  • Du Plooy, P., & van Huyssteen, P. (2000). Effect of BP1, BP3 and Quince A rootstocks, at three planting densities, on precocity and fruit quality of ‘Forelle’ pear (Pyrus communis L.), South African Journal of Plant and Soil, 17(2), 57-59.
  • Ercisli, S. (2004). A short review of the fruit germplasm resources of Turkey. Genetic Resource Crop Evoluation, 51, 419-435.
  • Erdem, H., & Öztürk, B. (2012). Yapraktan Uygulanan Çinko'nun BA-29 Anacı Üzerine Aşılı Armut Çeşitlerinin Verimi, Mineral Element İçeriği ye Biyokimyasal Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1), 93-106.
  • FAO. (2021). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Statistics of Crops and livestock products. http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=567#ancor. Erişim tarihi: 15 Temmuz 2021.
  • Francescatto, P., Pazzin, D., Neto, A. G., Fachinello, J. C., & Giacobbo, C. L. (2010). Evaluation of graft compatibility between quince rootstocks and pear scions. Acta Horticulturae, 872, 253-259.
  • Hancock, J. F., & Lobos, G. A. (2008). Pears. In J. F. Hancock (Ed.). Temperate Fruit Crop Breeding: Germplasm to Genomics, Springer, New York.
  • Iglesias, I., & Asin, L. (2005). Performance of ‘Conference’ Pear on Self-rooted Trees and Several Old Home × Farmingdale, Seedling and Quince Rootstocks in Spain. Acta Horticulturae, 671, 485-491.
  • Iglesias, I., & Asin, L. (2011). Agronomical Performance and Fruit Quality of ‘Conference’ Pear Grafted on Clonal Quince and Pear Rootstocks. Acta Horticulturae, 903, 439-442.
  • İkinci, A., Bolat, I., Ercisli, S., & Kodad, O. (2014). Influence of rootstocks on growth, yield, fruit quality and leaf mineral element contents of pear cv. ‘Santa Maria’ in semi-arid conditions. Biological Research, 47(71), 1-8.
  • Jackson, J. E. (2003). Biology of Apples and Pears. Cambridge University, USA.
  • Kosina, J. (2003). Evaluation of pear rootstocks in an orchard. Horticultural Science (Prague), 30(2), 56–58.
  • Küçüker, E., Öztürk., B., Özkan, Y., & Yıldız, K. (2015). Yapraktan Üre Uygulamasının Farklı Armut (Pyrus communıs L.) Çeşitlerinde Verim, Meyve Kalitesi ve Bioaktif Bileşikler Üzerine Etkisi. Niğde Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2), 78-86.
  • Maas, F. (2008). Evaluation of Pyrus and quince rootstocks for high density pear orchards. Acta Horticulturae, 800, 599-609.
  • Meszaros, M., Lanar, L., Kosina, J., & Namestek, J. (2019). Aspects influencing the rootstock-scion performance during long term evaluation in pear orchard. Horticultural Science (Prague), 46(1), 1–8.
  • MGM, (2021). Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü. https://www.mgm.gov.tr/tahmin/il-ve-ilceler.aspx?m=SAMSUN#/. Erişim tarihi: 10 Temmuz 2021.
  • Özçağıran, R., Ünal, A., Özeker, E., & İsfendiyaroglu, M. (2005). Armut. Ilıman İklim Meyve Türleri (Yumuşak Çekirdekli Meyveler), Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Yayın No: 556, Bornova-İzmir, Türkiye,
  • Öztürk, A., & Öztürk, B. (2014). The rootstock influences growth and development of ‘Deveci’ Pear. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Natural Science, 1, 1049-1053.
  • Pasa, M. S., Schmitz, J. D., Silva, C. D., & Giovanaz, M. A. (2017). Performance of ‘Carrick’ pear grafted on quince rootstocks. Agropecuaria Catarinense, Florianopolis, 30(1), 57-60.
  • Sete, P. B., Comin, J. J., Ciotta, M. N., Salume, J. A., Thewes, T., Brackmann, A., Toselli, M., Nava, G., Rozane, D. E., Loss, A., Lourenzi, C. R., Couto, R. R., & Brunetto, G. (2019). Nitrogen fertilization affects yield and fruit quality in pear. Scientia Horticulturae, 258, 108782.
  • Smıth, H. M., & Samach, A. (2013). Constraints to obtaining consistent annual yields in perennial tree crops. I: Heavy fruit load dominates over vegetative growth. Plant Science, 207, 158‑167.
  • Stern, R. A, & Doron, I. (2009). Performance of ‘Coscia’ pear (Pyrus communis) on nine rootstocks in the north of Israel. Scientia Horticulturae, 119, 252–256.
  • TÜİK. (2021). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?locale=tr. Erişim tarihi: 15 Temmuz 2021.
  • Urbina, V., Dalmases, J., Pascual, M., & Dalmau, R. (20039. Performance of `Williams' pear on five rootstocks. Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology, 78(2), 193-196.
  • Uysal, E., Sağlam, M. T., & Büyükyılmaz, M. (2015). Deveci Armut Çeşidinde Farklı Azot Uygulamalarının Verim ve Bazı Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi. Bahçe, 44(1), 1 – 13.
  • Webster, A. D. (1998). A brief review of pear rootstock development. Acta Horticulturae, 475, 135-142.
  • Webster, T. (2002). Dwarfing rootstocks: past, present and future. Compact Fruit Tree, 35, 67-72.

The Influence of Rootstocks on Yield Characteristics of ‘Deveci’ Pear

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 412 - 420, 30.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.983950

Abstract

Rootstocks used in modern fruit growing affect the growth, yield and fruit quality of the cultivar grafted on them in different affects. This study was aimed to determine the effect of ‘Deveci’ pear cultivar grafted on different rootstocks (Quince BA-29, Quince MC and pear seedlings) on the yield characteristics among the 2013-2016 years. The fruit weight (g), fruit number (pieces plant-1), yield per plant (kg plant-1), yield per stem cross-sectional area (kg cm-2), yield per crown volume (kg m-3) and yield per decare (kg da-1) were examined as yield characteristics in the study. Rootstocks have significantly effects on the examined yield characteristics. In addition, there were significant differences between the research years in terms of other examined yield characteristics except for fruit weight. The effect of the quince clonal rootstocks on fruit yield characteristics was higher than that of the pear seedling rootstock. In the study, the fruit weight (g), yield per plant (kg plant-1) and yield per decare (kg da-1) were highest in the BA-29 quince clonal rootstock and the lowest in the pear seedling rootstock. The yield efficiency (kg cm-2) and yield per crown volume (kg m-3) were higher in the plants grafted on the MC rootstock. As a result of the study, it is recommended that the research related to the rootstocks examined is continued for a longer period and compared.

References

  • Askari-Khorasgani, O., Jafarpour, M., Hadad, M. M., & Pessarakli, M. (2019). Fruit yield and quality characteristics of “Shahmiveh” pear cultivar grafted on six rootstocks, Journal of Plant Nutrition, 42(4), 323-332,
  • Bell, R. L., Quamme, H. A., Layne, R. E. C., & Skirvin, R. M. (1996). Pears. In J. Janick, & J. N. Moore (Eds.). Fruit Breeding; Volume I: Tree and Tropical Fruits. Wiley Science, New York.
  • Browning, G., & Watkins, R. (1991). Preliminary evaluation of new quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) hybrid rootstocks for pears. Journal Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 66, 35–42.
  • Cabrera, D., Rodriquez, P., & Zoppolo, R. (2015). Evaluation of Quince and Selected ‘Farold®’ Pear Rootstocks for Commercial ‘Williams B.C.’ Production in Uruguay. Acta Horticulturae, 1094, 159-162.
  • Du Plooy, P., & van Huyssteen, P. (2000). Effect of BP1, BP3 and Quince A rootstocks, at three planting densities, on precocity and fruit quality of ‘Forelle’ pear (Pyrus communis L.), South African Journal of Plant and Soil, 17(2), 57-59.
  • Ercisli, S. (2004). A short review of the fruit germplasm resources of Turkey. Genetic Resource Crop Evoluation, 51, 419-435.
  • Erdem, H., & Öztürk, B. (2012). Yapraktan Uygulanan Çinko'nun BA-29 Anacı Üzerine Aşılı Armut Çeşitlerinin Verimi, Mineral Element İçeriği ye Biyokimyasal Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1), 93-106.
  • FAO. (2021). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Statistics of Crops and livestock products. http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=567#ancor. Erişim tarihi: 15 Temmuz 2021.
  • Francescatto, P., Pazzin, D., Neto, A. G., Fachinello, J. C., & Giacobbo, C. L. (2010). Evaluation of graft compatibility between quince rootstocks and pear scions. Acta Horticulturae, 872, 253-259.
  • Hancock, J. F., & Lobos, G. A. (2008). Pears. In J. F. Hancock (Ed.). Temperate Fruit Crop Breeding: Germplasm to Genomics, Springer, New York.
  • Iglesias, I., & Asin, L. (2005). Performance of ‘Conference’ Pear on Self-rooted Trees and Several Old Home × Farmingdale, Seedling and Quince Rootstocks in Spain. Acta Horticulturae, 671, 485-491.
  • Iglesias, I., & Asin, L. (2011). Agronomical Performance and Fruit Quality of ‘Conference’ Pear Grafted on Clonal Quince and Pear Rootstocks. Acta Horticulturae, 903, 439-442.
  • İkinci, A., Bolat, I., Ercisli, S., & Kodad, O. (2014). Influence of rootstocks on growth, yield, fruit quality and leaf mineral element contents of pear cv. ‘Santa Maria’ in semi-arid conditions. Biological Research, 47(71), 1-8.
  • Jackson, J. E. (2003). Biology of Apples and Pears. Cambridge University, USA.
  • Kosina, J. (2003). Evaluation of pear rootstocks in an orchard. Horticultural Science (Prague), 30(2), 56–58.
  • Küçüker, E., Öztürk., B., Özkan, Y., & Yıldız, K. (2015). Yapraktan Üre Uygulamasının Farklı Armut (Pyrus communıs L.) Çeşitlerinde Verim, Meyve Kalitesi ve Bioaktif Bileşikler Üzerine Etkisi. Niğde Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2), 78-86.
  • Maas, F. (2008). Evaluation of Pyrus and quince rootstocks for high density pear orchards. Acta Horticulturae, 800, 599-609.
  • Meszaros, M., Lanar, L., Kosina, J., & Namestek, J. (2019). Aspects influencing the rootstock-scion performance during long term evaluation in pear orchard. Horticultural Science (Prague), 46(1), 1–8.
  • MGM, (2021). Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü. https://www.mgm.gov.tr/tahmin/il-ve-ilceler.aspx?m=SAMSUN#/. Erişim tarihi: 10 Temmuz 2021.
  • Özçağıran, R., Ünal, A., Özeker, E., & İsfendiyaroglu, M. (2005). Armut. Ilıman İklim Meyve Türleri (Yumuşak Çekirdekli Meyveler), Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Yayın No: 556, Bornova-İzmir, Türkiye,
  • Öztürk, A., & Öztürk, B. (2014). The rootstock influences growth and development of ‘Deveci’ Pear. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Natural Science, 1, 1049-1053.
  • Pasa, M. S., Schmitz, J. D., Silva, C. D., & Giovanaz, M. A. (2017). Performance of ‘Carrick’ pear grafted on quince rootstocks. Agropecuaria Catarinense, Florianopolis, 30(1), 57-60.
  • Sete, P. B., Comin, J. J., Ciotta, M. N., Salume, J. A., Thewes, T., Brackmann, A., Toselli, M., Nava, G., Rozane, D. E., Loss, A., Lourenzi, C. R., Couto, R. R., & Brunetto, G. (2019). Nitrogen fertilization affects yield and fruit quality in pear. Scientia Horticulturae, 258, 108782.
  • Smıth, H. M., & Samach, A. (2013). Constraints to obtaining consistent annual yields in perennial tree crops. I: Heavy fruit load dominates over vegetative growth. Plant Science, 207, 158‑167.
  • Stern, R. A, & Doron, I. (2009). Performance of ‘Coscia’ pear (Pyrus communis) on nine rootstocks in the north of Israel. Scientia Horticulturae, 119, 252–256.
  • TÜİK. (2021). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?locale=tr. Erişim tarihi: 15 Temmuz 2021.
  • Urbina, V., Dalmases, J., Pascual, M., & Dalmau, R. (20039. Performance of `Williams' pear on five rootstocks. Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology, 78(2), 193-196.
  • Uysal, E., Sağlam, M. T., & Büyükyılmaz, M. (2015). Deveci Armut Çeşidinde Farklı Azot Uygulamalarının Verim ve Bazı Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi. Bahçe, 44(1), 1 – 13.
  • Webster, A. D. (1998). A brief review of pear rootstock development. Acta Horticulturae, 475, 135-142.
  • Webster, T. (2002). Dwarfing rootstocks: past, present and future. Compact Fruit Tree, 35, 67-72.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Horticultural Production
Journal Section Horticultural Sciences
Authors

Ahmet Öztürk 0000-0002-8800-1248

Publication Date December 30, 2021
Submission Date August 17, 2021
Acceptance Date October 18, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Öztürk, A. (2021). Anaçların ‘Deveci’ Armudunun Verim Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi. International Journal of Agricultural and Wildlife Sciences, 7(3), 412-420. https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.983950

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