Araştırma Makalesi
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A Comparison of Turkish and English as A Foreign Language Course Books and Workbooks at The A2 Level in Terms of Productive Skills

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3, 278 - 305, 30.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.71084/ijlet.1662176

Öz

People may want to learn different languages due to their interests and needs. While people are learning these target languages, instructional environments should be structured within the framework of a specific program. The Common European Framework of Reference outlines the specific components involved in the language teaching process. The framework provides definitions of specific language levels for each language skill. Language skills are defined as receptive activities (listening, reading) and productive activities (speaking, writing). Due to their complex nature, speaking and writing skills pose significant challenges for learners. The materials to be used in the language teaching process should be selected carefully. One of these materials is course books and workbooks. Today, many foreigners would like to learn Turkish and English. The purpose of the current study is to conduct a comparative analysis of Turkish and English language course books and workbooks used for foreign language learners, focusing on specific criteria, in order to identify their strengths and weaknesses. To this end, course books and workbooks from the Turkish for Foreigners A2 Basic Level series and Oxford English File Elementary were selected and analyzed. The study employed the basic qualitative design. The data were collected based on purposive sampling methods and presented in the form of tables. It was concluded that while measurement and evaluation methods in both the Turkish and English course books and workbooks are similar, they exhibit differences in terms of learning areas, activity types and methods and techniques.

Kaynakça

  • Alhan Derinkök, A. (2022). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe ve İngilizce ders kitaplarında orta düzey konuşma etkinliklerinin karşılaştırılması (Yedi iklim Türkçe ve new English file örneği) [Comparison of intermediate speaking activities in Turkish and English course books as a foreign language (Seven climates Turkish and new English file example)] (Publication no: 731152) [Master’s thesis, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Nevşehir]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre.
  • Baltacı, A. (2018). Nitel araştırmalarda örnekleme yöntemleri ve örnek hacmi sorunsalı üzerine kavramsal bir inceleme [A conceptual review on sampling methods and sample volume problematic in qualitative research]. Bitlis Eren University Journal of Social Sciences, 7(1), 231-274.
  • Baş, B., & Turhan, O. (2017). Yabancılara Türkçe öğretiminde yazma becerisine yönelik Web 2.0 araçları: poll everywhere örneği [Web 2.0 tools for writing skills in teaching Turkish to foreigners: poll everywhere example]. Mersin University Journal of Faculty of Education, 13(3), 1233- 1248. https://doi.org/10.17860/mersinefd.344695
  • Çetin, D. (2017). Dil becerileri- anlatma (konuşma ve yazma becerileri) [Preserving and telling with language (speaking and writing)]. In H. Develi, C. Yıldız, M. Balcı, İ. Güntekin & D. Melanlıoğlu (Eds.), Uygulamalı Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretimi el kitabı [Handbook for teaching applied Turkish as a foreign language] (pp. 359- 393). Kesit Yayınları.
  • Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. (2012). The common European framework of reference for languages: Learning, teaching and assessment. https://ttkb.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2022_01/04144518_CEFR_TR.pdf
  • Cunningsworth, A. (1995). Choosing your coursebook. Heinemann.
  • Demirel, İ. F., & Fakazlı, Ö. (2021). A cefr-based comparison of English and Turkish language teaching course books in terms of speaking and writing skills. Kuramsal Eğitimbi̇lim Dergisi, 14(2), 167-185. https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.851117
  • Gökçe, O. (2019). Klasik ve nitel içerik analizi felsefe, yöntem, uygulama [Classical and qualitative content analysis philosophy, method, practice]. Çizgi Kitapevi.
  • Gün, S. (2015). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçenin öğretiminde web 2.0 sesli ve görüntülü görüşme uygulamalarının (Skype) konuşma becerisine etkisi [The effect of web 2.0 voice and video call applications (Skype) on speaking skills in teaching Turkish as a foreign language] (Publication no: 395891) [Master's thesis, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre.
  • Güneş, F. (2021). Türkçe öğretimi yaklaşımlar ve modeller [Turkish teaching approaches and models]. Pegem Academy.
  • Hattatioğlu, A. (2019). Türkçe, İngilizce ve Almanca yabancı dil öğretimi kitaplarının konuşma etkinlikleri bakımından karşılaştırılması [Comparison of Turkish, English and German foreign language teaching books in terms of speaking activities]. (Publication No: 588781) [Master’s thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre.
  • Işık, Ö.F. (2015). Türkçenin ikinci dil olarak öğretiminde elektronik geri bildirimler aracılığıyla yazma becerisinin geliştirilmesine yönelik uygulamalı bir çalışma [Electronic feedback in teaching Turkish as a second language an applied study on the development of writing skills through] (Publication No: 429219) [Master’s thesis, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre.
  • Kalaycı, D., & Durukan, E. (2019). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe ve İngilizce öğretimi ders kitaplarının öğrenme alanları bakımından karşılaştırılması [Comparison of Turkish and English as a foreign language teaching textbooks in terms of learning areas], International Journal of Turkish Literature Culture Education], 8(4), 2162- 2177. https://doi.org/10.7884/teke.4330
  • Karakoç Öztürk, B. (2016). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde materyal tasarımı- süreç ve etkinlikler [Material design- process and activities in teaching Turkish as a foreign language]. In F. Yıldırım & B. Tüfekçioğlu (Eds.), Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi kuramlar- yöntemler- beceriler- uygulamalar [Teaching Turkish as a foreign language theory- methods- skills- applications] (pp. 325- 352). Pegem Akademi.
  • Karatay, H. (2020). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretimi el kitabı [Handbook of teaching Turkish as a foreign language]. Pegem Akademi.
  • Keleş, O. (2015). Türkçe ve Almancanın ikinci dil olarak öğretilmesinde kullanılan iki ders kitabının yazma becerisi açısından karşılaştırılması [Comparison of two course books used in teaching Turkish and German as a second language in terms of writing skills] (Publication No: 381197) [Master’s thesis, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre.
  • Kurt, M., & Temur, N. (Eds.). (2021). Yabancılar için Türkçe a2 temel düzey çalışma kitabı [Turkish A2 basic level workbook for foreigners]. Altan Özyurt Matbaacılık.
  • Kurt, M., & Temur, N. (Eds.). (2022). Yabancılar için Türkçe a2 temel düzey [Turkish for foreigners A2 basic level]. Salmat Basım Publishing.
  • Latham Koenig, C., Oxenden, C., Lambert, J., & Seligson, P. (2018). English file elementary student’s book. Oxford University Press.
  • Latham- Koenig, C., Oxenden, C., Lambert, J., Seligson, P., & Hudson, P. (2018). English file elementary workbook. Oxford University Press.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). A guide to qualitative research design and application (S. Turan, Trans). Nobel Publishing. (Original work published 2013)
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook. SAGE Publications. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı. (2006). Türkçe dersi (6-8. sınıflar), öğretim programı [Turkish course (grades 6-8), curriculum]. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Yayınları.
  • Ministry of National Education Board of Education and Instruction Translation Commission. (2009). Common European framework of reference for languages: learning-teaching-assessment. Publications of the Board of Education. Özbay, M. (2009). Özel öğretim yöntemleri 2 [Special teaching methods 2]. Öncü Kitap.
  • Özdemir, B., & Özbay, M. (2016). 6+1 Analitik yazma ve değerlendirme modelinin Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının yazma becerilerine etkisi [6+1 The effect of analytical writing and evaluation model on Turkish teacher candidates' writing skills]. Journal of Mother Tongue Education, 4(2), 261- 276. https://doi.org/10.16916/aded.05703
  • Şimşek, P. (2017). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde, öğrencilerin ana dilleri ve mensup oldukları dil ailelerinin Türkçe yazma becerisine etkisi [In teaching Turkish as a foreign language, students' mother tongue and the effect of the language families they belong to on Turkish writing skills] (Publication No: 461517) [Master’s thesis, Gazi University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre.
  • Taşdemir, F. (2019). Verilerin toplanması [Collection of data]. In K. Yılmaz & R. S. Arık (Eds.), Eğitimde araştırma yöntemleri [Research methods in education] (pp. 127- 160). Pegem Academy.
  • Tok, M. (2013). Yabancılara Türkçe öğretimi ders kitaplarındaki yazma çalışmalarının değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of writing activities in Turkish language teaching to foreigner’s textbooks]. Uşak University Journal of Social Sciences, 6(1), 253- 283. https://doi.org/10.12780/UUSBD147
  • Tomlinson, B. (2012). Materials development for language learning and teaching. Language Teaching, 45(2), 143–179. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444811000528
  • Turkish Language Institution. (2011, 5 March). Turkish dictionary. http://www.tdk.gov.tr
  • Tutaş, N. (2014). İngiliz dilinde ‘aydınlanma’: eski İngilizce ’den günümüze değişimi ve gelişimi [‘Enlightenment’ in the English language: its change and development from old English to the present]. Ankara University Journal of Language and History-Geography Faculty, 54(1), 287- 306.
  • Uzbek, A. (2019). Gazi TÖMER ile interchange fourth edition kitaplarındaki konuşma etkinliklerinin konuşma becerisi bağlamında karşılaştırılması [Comparison of speaking activities in Gazi TÖMER and interchange fourth edition books in the context of speaking skills] (Publication No: 577666) [Master's thesis, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş University, Nevşehir]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre.
  • Yağmur Şahin, E., & Aydın, G. (2018). Diller için Avrupa ortak öneriler çerçevesi [Common European Framework of Recommendations for Languages]. In A. Şahin (Ed.), Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi [Teaching Turkish as a foreign language] (pp. 205- 222). Pegem Academy.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri [Qualitative research methods in social sciences]. Seçkin Academic and Professional Publications.

A Comparison of Turkish and English as A Foreign Language Course Books and Workbooks at The A2 Level in Terms of Productive Skills

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3, 278 - 305, 30.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.71084/ijlet.1662176

Öz

People may want to learn different languages due to their interests and needs. While people are learning these target languages, instructional environments should be structured within the framework of a specific program. The Common European Framework of Reference outlines the specific components involved in the language teaching process. The framework provides definitions of specific language levels for each language skill. Language skills are defined as receptive activities (listening, reading) and productive activities (speaking, writing). Due to their complex nature, speaking and writing skills pose significant challenges for learners. The materials to be used in the language teaching process should be selected carefully. One of these materials is course books and workbooks. Today, many foreigners would like to learn Turkish and English. The purpose of the current study is to conduct a comparative analysis of Turkish and English language course books and workbooks used for foreign language learners, focusing on specific criteria, in order to identify their strengths and weaknesses. To this end, course books and workbooks from the Turkish for Foreigners A2 Basic Level series and Oxford English File Elementary were selected and analyzed. The study employed the basic qualitative design. The data were collected based on purposive sampling methods and presented in the form of tables. It was concluded that while measurement and evaluation methods in both the Turkish and English course books and workbooks are similar, they exhibit differences in terms of learning areas, activity types and methods and techniques.

Kaynakça

  • Alhan Derinkök, A. (2022). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe ve İngilizce ders kitaplarında orta düzey konuşma etkinliklerinin karşılaştırılması (Yedi iklim Türkçe ve new English file örneği) [Comparison of intermediate speaking activities in Turkish and English course books as a foreign language (Seven climates Turkish and new English file example)] (Publication no: 731152) [Master’s thesis, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Nevşehir]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre.
  • Baltacı, A. (2018). Nitel araştırmalarda örnekleme yöntemleri ve örnek hacmi sorunsalı üzerine kavramsal bir inceleme [A conceptual review on sampling methods and sample volume problematic in qualitative research]. Bitlis Eren University Journal of Social Sciences, 7(1), 231-274.
  • Baş, B., & Turhan, O. (2017). Yabancılara Türkçe öğretiminde yazma becerisine yönelik Web 2.0 araçları: poll everywhere örneği [Web 2.0 tools for writing skills in teaching Turkish to foreigners: poll everywhere example]. Mersin University Journal of Faculty of Education, 13(3), 1233- 1248. https://doi.org/10.17860/mersinefd.344695
  • Çetin, D. (2017). Dil becerileri- anlatma (konuşma ve yazma becerileri) [Preserving and telling with language (speaking and writing)]. In H. Develi, C. Yıldız, M. Balcı, İ. Güntekin & D. Melanlıoğlu (Eds.), Uygulamalı Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretimi el kitabı [Handbook for teaching applied Turkish as a foreign language] (pp. 359- 393). Kesit Yayınları.
  • Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. (2012). The common European framework of reference for languages: Learning, teaching and assessment. https://ttkb.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2022_01/04144518_CEFR_TR.pdf
  • Cunningsworth, A. (1995). Choosing your coursebook. Heinemann.
  • Demirel, İ. F., & Fakazlı, Ö. (2021). A cefr-based comparison of English and Turkish language teaching course books in terms of speaking and writing skills. Kuramsal Eğitimbi̇lim Dergisi, 14(2), 167-185. https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.851117
  • Gökçe, O. (2019). Klasik ve nitel içerik analizi felsefe, yöntem, uygulama [Classical and qualitative content analysis philosophy, method, practice]. Çizgi Kitapevi.
  • Gün, S. (2015). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçenin öğretiminde web 2.0 sesli ve görüntülü görüşme uygulamalarının (Skype) konuşma becerisine etkisi [The effect of web 2.0 voice and video call applications (Skype) on speaking skills in teaching Turkish as a foreign language] (Publication no: 395891) [Master's thesis, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre.
  • Güneş, F. (2021). Türkçe öğretimi yaklaşımlar ve modeller [Turkish teaching approaches and models]. Pegem Academy.
  • Hattatioğlu, A. (2019). Türkçe, İngilizce ve Almanca yabancı dil öğretimi kitaplarının konuşma etkinlikleri bakımından karşılaştırılması [Comparison of Turkish, English and German foreign language teaching books in terms of speaking activities]. (Publication No: 588781) [Master’s thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre.
  • Işık, Ö.F. (2015). Türkçenin ikinci dil olarak öğretiminde elektronik geri bildirimler aracılığıyla yazma becerisinin geliştirilmesine yönelik uygulamalı bir çalışma [Electronic feedback in teaching Turkish as a second language an applied study on the development of writing skills through] (Publication No: 429219) [Master’s thesis, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre.
  • Kalaycı, D., & Durukan, E. (2019). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe ve İngilizce öğretimi ders kitaplarının öğrenme alanları bakımından karşılaştırılması [Comparison of Turkish and English as a foreign language teaching textbooks in terms of learning areas], International Journal of Turkish Literature Culture Education], 8(4), 2162- 2177. https://doi.org/10.7884/teke.4330
  • Karakoç Öztürk, B. (2016). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde materyal tasarımı- süreç ve etkinlikler [Material design- process and activities in teaching Turkish as a foreign language]. In F. Yıldırım & B. Tüfekçioğlu (Eds.), Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi kuramlar- yöntemler- beceriler- uygulamalar [Teaching Turkish as a foreign language theory- methods- skills- applications] (pp. 325- 352). Pegem Akademi.
  • Karatay, H. (2020). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretimi el kitabı [Handbook of teaching Turkish as a foreign language]. Pegem Akademi.
  • Keleş, O. (2015). Türkçe ve Almancanın ikinci dil olarak öğretilmesinde kullanılan iki ders kitabının yazma becerisi açısından karşılaştırılması [Comparison of two course books used in teaching Turkish and German as a second language in terms of writing skills] (Publication No: 381197) [Master’s thesis, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre.
  • Kurt, M., & Temur, N. (Eds.). (2021). Yabancılar için Türkçe a2 temel düzey çalışma kitabı [Turkish A2 basic level workbook for foreigners]. Altan Özyurt Matbaacılık.
  • Kurt, M., & Temur, N. (Eds.). (2022). Yabancılar için Türkçe a2 temel düzey [Turkish for foreigners A2 basic level]. Salmat Basım Publishing.
  • Latham Koenig, C., Oxenden, C., Lambert, J., & Seligson, P. (2018). English file elementary student’s book. Oxford University Press.
  • Latham- Koenig, C., Oxenden, C., Lambert, J., Seligson, P., & Hudson, P. (2018). English file elementary workbook. Oxford University Press.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). A guide to qualitative research design and application (S. Turan, Trans). Nobel Publishing. (Original work published 2013)
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook. SAGE Publications. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı. (2006). Türkçe dersi (6-8. sınıflar), öğretim programı [Turkish course (grades 6-8), curriculum]. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Yayınları.
  • Ministry of National Education Board of Education and Instruction Translation Commission. (2009). Common European framework of reference for languages: learning-teaching-assessment. Publications of the Board of Education. Özbay, M. (2009). Özel öğretim yöntemleri 2 [Special teaching methods 2]. Öncü Kitap.
  • Özdemir, B., & Özbay, M. (2016). 6+1 Analitik yazma ve değerlendirme modelinin Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının yazma becerilerine etkisi [6+1 The effect of analytical writing and evaluation model on Turkish teacher candidates' writing skills]. Journal of Mother Tongue Education, 4(2), 261- 276. https://doi.org/10.16916/aded.05703
  • Şimşek, P. (2017). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde, öğrencilerin ana dilleri ve mensup oldukları dil ailelerinin Türkçe yazma becerisine etkisi [In teaching Turkish as a foreign language, students' mother tongue and the effect of the language families they belong to on Turkish writing skills] (Publication No: 461517) [Master’s thesis, Gazi University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre.
  • Taşdemir, F. (2019). Verilerin toplanması [Collection of data]. In K. Yılmaz & R. S. Arık (Eds.), Eğitimde araştırma yöntemleri [Research methods in education] (pp. 127- 160). Pegem Academy.
  • Tok, M. (2013). Yabancılara Türkçe öğretimi ders kitaplarındaki yazma çalışmalarının değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of writing activities in Turkish language teaching to foreigner’s textbooks]. Uşak University Journal of Social Sciences, 6(1), 253- 283. https://doi.org/10.12780/UUSBD147
  • Tomlinson, B. (2012). Materials development for language learning and teaching. Language Teaching, 45(2), 143–179. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444811000528
  • Turkish Language Institution. (2011, 5 March). Turkish dictionary. http://www.tdk.gov.tr
  • Tutaş, N. (2014). İngiliz dilinde ‘aydınlanma’: eski İngilizce ’den günümüze değişimi ve gelişimi [‘Enlightenment’ in the English language: its change and development from old English to the present]. Ankara University Journal of Language and History-Geography Faculty, 54(1), 287- 306.
  • Uzbek, A. (2019). Gazi TÖMER ile interchange fourth edition kitaplarındaki konuşma etkinliklerinin konuşma becerisi bağlamında karşılaştırılması [Comparison of speaking activities in Gazi TÖMER and interchange fourth edition books in the context of speaking skills] (Publication No: 577666) [Master's thesis, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş University, Nevşehir]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Centre.
  • Yağmur Şahin, E., & Aydın, G. (2018). Diller için Avrupa ortak öneriler çerçevesi [Common European Framework of Recommendations for Languages]. In A. Şahin (Ed.), Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi [Teaching Turkish as a foreign language] (pp. 205- 222). Pegem Academy.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri [Qualitative research methods in social sciences]. Seçkin Academic and Professional Publications.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Türkçe Eğitimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Behiye Sena Aydaşgil Ulaş 0000-0003-2462-809X

Banu Özdemir 0000-0002-4298-8569

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Eylül 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Mart 2025
Kabul Tarihi 30 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Aydaşgil Ulaş, B. S., & Özdemir, B. (2025). A Comparison of Turkish and English as A Foreign Language Course Books and Workbooks at The A2 Level in Terms of Productive Skills. International Journal of Languages’ Education and Teaching, 13(3), 278-305. https://doi.org/10.71084/ijlet.1662176